scholarly journals Optimizing the Performance of Convolutional Neural Networks on Raspberry PI for Real-time Object Detection

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyun Woo Jung
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Object Detection ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Convolutional Neural Networks ◽  
Raspberry Pi

scholarly journals Object detection in real time based on improved single shot multi-box detector algorithm

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashwani Kumar ◽  
Zuopeng Justin Zhang ◽  
Hongbo Lyu
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Object Detection ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Convolutional Neural Networks ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Single Shot ◽  
Convolutional Network ◽  
Detection Techniques ◽  
Computational Performance ◽  
Speed Up

Abstract In today’s scenario, the fastest algorithm which uses a single layer of convolutional network to detect the objects from the image is single shot multi-box detector (SSD) algorithm. This paper studies object detection techniques to detect objects in real time on any device running the proposed model in any environment. In this paper, we have increased the classification accuracy of detecting objects by improving the SSD algorithm while keeping the speed constant. These improvements have been done in their convolutional layers, by using depth-wise separable convolution along with spatial separable convolutions generally called multilayer convolutional neural networks. The proposed method uses these multilayer convolutional neural networks to develop a system model which consists of multilayers to classify the given objects into any of the defined classes. The schemes then use multiple images and detect the objects from these images, labeling them with their respective class label. To speed up the computational performance, the proposed algorithm is applied along with the multilayer convolutional neural network which uses a larger number of default boxes and results in more accurate detection. The accuracy in detecting the objects is checked by different parameters such as loss function, frames per second (FPS), mean average precision (mAP), and aspect ratio. Experimental results confirm that our proposed improved SSD algorithm has high accuracy.

scholarly journals An internet of things (IoT)-based optimum tea fermentation detection model using convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and majority voting techniques

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-162
Author(s):  
Gibson Kimutai ◽  
Alexander Ngenzi ◽  
Said Rutabayiro Ngoga ◽  
Rose C. Ramkat ◽  
Anna Förster
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Convolutional Neural Networks ◽  
Colour Change ◽  
Black Tea ◽  
Majority Voting ◽  
Raspberry Pi ◽  
Deep Convolutional Neural Networks ◽  
Precision And Accuracy

Abstract. Tea (Camellia sinensis) is one of the most consumed drinks across the world. Based on processing techniques, there are more than 15 000 categories of tea, but the main categories include yellow tea, Oolong tea, Illex tea, black tea, matcha tea, green tea, and sencha tea, among others. Black tea is the most popular among the categories worldwide. During black tea processing, the following stages occur: plucking, withering, cutting, tearing, curling, fermentation, drying, and sorting. Although all these stages affect the quality of the processed tea, fermentation is the most vital as it directly defines the quality. Fermentation is a time-bound process, and its optimum is currently manually detected by tea tasters monitoring colour change, smelling the tea, and tasting the tea as fermentation progresses. This paper explores the use of the internet of things (IoT), deep convolutional neural networks, and image processing with majority voting techniques in detecting the optimum fermentation of black tea. The prototype was made up of Raspberry Pi 3 models with a Pi camera to take real-time images of tea as fermentation progresses. We deployed the prototype in the Sisibo Tea Factory for training, validation, and evaluation. When the deep learner was evaluated on offline images, it had a perfect precision and accuracy of 1.0 each. The deep learner recorded the highest precision and accuracy of 0.9589 and 0.8646, respectively, when evaluated on real-time images. Additionally, the deep learner recorded an average precision and accuracy of 0.9737 and 0.8953, respectively, when a majority voting technique was applied in decision-making. From the results, it is evident that the prototype can be used to monitor the fermentation of various categories of tea that undergo fermentation, including Oolong and black tea, among others. Additionally, the prototype can also be scaled up by retraining it for use in monitoring the fermentation of other crops, including coffee and cocoa.

scholarly journals Object Detection and Identification

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 1611-1618
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Object Detection ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Convolutional Neural Networks ◽  
Text To Speech ◽  
Final Model ◽  
Detection Systems ◽  
Detection And Identification ◽  
Main Motive ◽  
Computer Based

Object Detection systems have been growing in the last few years for various applications. Since the hardware can not detect the smallest objects. Many algorithms are used for object detection like Yolo, R-CNN, Fast R-CNN, Faster R-CNN, etc. object detection using YOLO is faster than other algorithms and the YOLO scans the whole image completely at one time. Object detection, which is based on Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and it's based on classification and localization. An object is detected by extracting the features of an object like the color of the object, the texture of the object or shape, or some other features. Then based on these features, objects are classified into many classes and each class is assigned a label. When we subsequently provide an image to the model, it will output many objects it detects, the location of a bounding box that contains every object with their label and score indicates the confidence. Text-To-Speech (TTS) conversion is a computer-based systemthat requires for the label are converted text-to-speech. The main motive is that the smallest amount of objects can be detected object and labeling the object with voice for real-time object detection. The final model architecture proposed is more accurate and provides the fast result of object detection with voice as compared to previous researches

scholarly journals Real Time Object Detection using CNN

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2.24) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Akash Tripathi ◽  
T V. Ajay Kumar ◽  
Tarun Kanth Dhansetty ◽  
J Selva Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Object Detection ◽  
Image Classification ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Convolutional Neural Networks ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Small Data ◽  
Processing Unit ◽  
Sift Algorithm ◽  
Central Processing

Achieving new heights in object detection and image classification was made possible because of Convolution Neural Network(CNN). However, compared to image classification the object detection tasks are more difficult to analyze, more energy consuming and computation intensive. To overcome these challenges, a novel approach is developed for real time object detection applications to improve the accuracy and energy efficiency of the detection process. This is achieved by integrating the Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) with the Scale Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT) algorithm. Here, we obtain high accuracy output with small sample data to train the model by integrating the CNN and SIFT features. The proposed detection model is a cluster of multiple deep convolutional neural networks and hybrid CNN-SIFT algorithm. The reason to use the SIFT featureis to amplify the model‟s capacity to detect small data or features as the SIFT requires small datasets to detect objects. Our simulation results show better performance in accuracy when compared with the conventional CNN method. As the resources like RAM, graphic card, ROM, etc. are limited we propose a pipelined implementation on an aggregate Central Processing Unit(CPU) and Graphical Processing Unit(GPU) platform.  

scholarly journals Object Detection and Depth Estimation Approach Based on Deep Convolutional Neural Networks

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (14) ◽  
pp. 4755
Author(s):  
Huai-Mu Wang ◽  
Huei-Yung Lin ◽  
Chin-Chen Chang
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Object Detection ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Convolutional Neural Networks ◽  
Prediction Accuracy ◽  
Depth Estimation ◽  
Disparity Estimation ◽  
Depth Information ◽  
Deep Convolutional Neural Networks ◽  
Epipolar Constraint

In this paper, we present a real-time object detection and depth estimation approach based on deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs). We improve object detection through the incorporation of transfer connection blocks (TCBs), in particular, to detect small objects in real time. For depth estimation, we introduce binocular vision to the monocular-based disparity estimation network, and the epipolar constraint is used to improve prediction accuracy. Finally, we integrate the two-dimensional (2D) location of the detected object with the depth information to achieve real-time detection and depth estimation. The results demonstrate that the proposed approach achieves better results compared to conventional methods.

Real-time Detection of Aortic Valve in Echocardiography using Convolutional Neural Networks

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 584-591 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Hanif Ahmad Nizar ◽  
Chow Khuen Chan ◽  
Azira Khalil ◽  
Ahmad Khairuddin Mohamed Yusof ◽  
Khin Wee Lai
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Neural Networks ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Aortic Valve ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Convolutional Neural Networks ◽  
Valvular Heart Disease ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Processing Unit ◽  
Real Time Detection

Background: Valvular heart disease is a serious disease leading to mortality and increasing medical care cost. The aortic valve is the most common valve affected by this disease. Doctors rely on echocardiogram for diagnosing and evaluating valvular heart disease. However, the images from echocardiogram are poor in comparison to Computerized Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging scan. This study proposes the development of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) that can function optimally during a live echocardiographic examination for detection of the aortic valve. An automated detection system in an echocardiogram will improve the accuracy of medical diagnosis and can provide further medical analysis from the resulting detection. Methods: Two detection architectures, Single Shot Multibox Detector (SSD) and Faster Regional based Convolutional Neural Network (R-CNN) with various feature extractors were trained on echocardiography images from 33 patients. Thereafter, the models were tested on 10 echocardiography videos. Results: Faster R-CNN Inception v2 had shown the highest accuracy (98.6%) followed closely by SSD Mobilenet v2. In terms of speed, SSD Mobilenet v2 resulted in a loss of 46.81% in framesper- second (fps) during real-time detection but managed to perform better than the other neural network models. Additionally, SSD Mobilenet v2 used the least amount of Graphic Processing Unit (GPU) but the Central Processing Unit (CPU) usage was relatively similar throughout all models. Conclusion: Our findings provide a foundation for implementing a convolutional detection system to echocardiography for medical purposes.

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