scholarly journals Women Workforce in Construction during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Challenges and Strategies

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bee Lan Oo ◽  
Teck Heng Benson Lim ◽  
Yixi Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Work Time ◽  
Personal Time ◽  
Working Space ◽  
Early Evidence ◽  
Flexible Working ◽  
Employment Situation ◽  
Female Employees ◽  
Multi Level

Changes and challenges in employment are inevitable under the measures enacted to contain the COVID-19 pandemic. Early evidence suggests that the pandemic would disproportionately affect women compared to men. Focussing on women workforce in construction, this exploratory study examines the challenges associated with changes in their job situations, the adopted strategies in addressing the challenges and their opinions on employment situation of women workforce during the pandemic. Results of a content analysis show that the top ranked challenges are: (i) overworked; (ii) working space; (iii) social interactions; (iv) collaboration; and (v) parenting. The most cited strategies in addressing these challenges are: (i) increased visual communication; (ii) a dedicated workspace; (iii) self-scheduling; (iv) flexible working arrangements; and (v) breaking out work time and personal time. The evidence is suggestive that most challenges are interrelated, and the strategies adopted by the respondents are multi-level and interdependent. The results also show that the most mentioned opinion is the increased caring and domestic responsibilities among women workforce. Under the uncertainty about the duration of the pandemic and future contagion waves, these findings are critical in informing employing organizations’ human resource management challenges to better support their female employees during pandemic time and beyond.

scholarly journals Association of Physical Activity and Sitting Time with Overweight/Obesity in Chinese Occupational Populations

Obesity Facts ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Fan Yuan ◽  
Weiyan Gong ◽  
Caicui Ding ◽  
Hui Li ◽  
Ganyu Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Active Transportation ◽  
Sitting Time ◽  
Work Time ◽  
Transportation Mode ◽  
Activity Intensity ◽  
Female Employees

<b><i>Abstract:</i></b> The aim of this study was to explore association of physical activity and sitting time with overweight/obesity in Chinese occupational populations for the development of intervention and prevention strategies for obesity. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> A total of 23,112 participants were selected from the 2010–2012 China National Nutrition and Health Survey (CNNHS). A logistics regression model was used to examine the associations of physical activity and sitting time with overweight/obesity by gender after adjusting for age, educational level, marital status, and family economic level. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The prevalence of overweight/obesity based on the WHO definition and the WGOC definition was 30.8% and 41.3%, respectively. Male employees with moderate and heavy occupation activity intensity had a lower risk for overweight/obesity than those with light occupation activity intensity (moderate: OR 0.90, 95% CI 0.82–0.98; heavy: OR 0.75, 95% CI 0.65–0.86), and the risk of overweight/obesity of male employees with long work-time spent sitting was higher than those with short work-time spent sitting (2–4.9 h/day: OR 1.26, 95% CI 1.14–1.40; ≥5 h/day: OR 1.29, 95% CI 1.15–1.44). The risk of overweight/obesity of male employees with active transportation mode was lower than those with inactive transportation mode (OR 0.91, 95% CI 0.84–0.99), while the risk of overweight/obesity of female employees with active transportation mode was higher (OR 1.14, 95% CI 1.04–1.25). Female employees with leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) for ≥150 min/week had lower risk of overweight/obesity than those with LTPA for &#x3c;150 min/week (OR 0.69, 95% CI 0.56–0.84). There was no significant association of leisure-time sitting and housework time with overweight/obesity in Chinese occupational populations. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Occupation activity intensity, LTPA, transportation mode, and work sitting time were associated with overweight/obesity. Reducing work sitting time, moderate and heavy occupation activity intensity, and an active transportation mode could help male employees decrease the risk of overweight/obesity. Increasing leisure-time physical activity could reduce the risk of overweight/obesity in women. Our findings provided insight into the association of physical activity and sitting time with overweight/obesity. It will be necessary to carry out workplace-based interventions, have an active transportation mode, and increase leisure-time physical activity to decrease the risks of overweight/obesity.

scholarly journals Class Representatives and Students’ Behaviour: An Overview at the Post-Covid-19 Pandemic in the Perspective of the Community of Practice

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 137-143
Author(s):  
Ilane Frank Dias ◽  
Christane Bellucci
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Community Of Practice ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Online Classes ◽  
Virtual Classes ◽  
Relevant Role ◽  
Conceptual Paper ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
The Impact

Engagement of students and the learning process in the classroom has become one of the significant challenges that higher education (HE) institutions face in the era of the Covid-19 pandemic, with classes running in the virtual environment. One of the approaches that can be used to understand student behaviours and their social interactions is the community of practice (CoPs) as a construct that can be strategic to connect classes representatives, college's objectives and the student's behaviour. The class representatives can play a diverse role, from helping the tutors motivate the students on their learning process to acting as a central and essential communication channel between the students and the academic coordinators. Yet, little is known about the role of these students as a strategy to tackle such problems increased with online classes. This study investigates the impact of class representatives on students' behaviour in the sense of their engagement and learning in virtual classes context post the Covid-19 pandemic. This is a conceptual paper to bridge the mentioned theories, link work across disciplines, provide multi-level insights, and broaden the scope of thinking. The theoretical findings show that class representatives can play a relevant role by increasing engagement and facilitating the students' learning. The results can help HE institutions to develop policies and practices to be more competitive and move forward. This study advances the emergent research efforts to respond to the challenges arising from the Covid-19 pandemic.

scholarly journals Vocal convergence in a multi-level primate society: insights into the evolution of vocal learning

2020 ◽  
Vol 287 (1941) ◽  
pp. 20202531
Author(s):  
Julia Fischer ◽  
Franziska Wegdell ◽  
Franziska Trede ◽  
Federica Dal Pesco ◽  
Kurt Hammerschmidt
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Genetic Relatedness ◽  
Vocal Learning ◽  
Acoustic Similarity ◽  
Speech Acquisition ◽  
Human Speech ◽  
Vocal Behaviour ◽  
Vocal Convergence ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
Papio Papio

The extent to which nonhuman primate vocalizations are amenable to modification through experience is relevant for understanding the substrate from which human speech evolved. We examined the vocal behaviour of Guinea baboons, Papio papio , ranging in the Niokolo Koba National Park in Senegal. Guinea baboons live in a multi-level society, with units nested within parties nested within gangs. We investigated whether the acoustic structure of grunts of 27 male baboons of two gangs varied with party/gang membership and genetic relatedness. Males in this species are philopatric, resulting in increased male relatedness within gangs and parties. Grunts of males that were members of the same social levels were more similar than those of males in different social levels ( N = 351 dyads for comparison within and between gangs, and N = 169 dyads within and between parties), but the effect sizes were small. Yet, acoustic similarity did not correlate with genetic relatedness, suggesting that higher amounts of social interactions rather than genetic relatedness promote the observed vocal convergence. We consider this convergence a result of sensory–motor integration and suggest this to be an implicit form of vocal learning shared with humans, in contrast to the goal-directed and intentional explicit form of vocal learning unique to human speech acquisition.

La (re)construction des identités religieuses / spirituelles anglicanes

2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-62
Author(s):  
Riva Lieflander
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Identity Construction ◽  
Religious Pluralism ◽  
Social Reality ◽  
Spiritual Identity ◽  
Power Sources ◽  
Holy Trinity ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
Sociological Approaches

Ongoing developments in the Anglican Communion, most notably the unfolding controversy over “homosexuality,” serve as an excellent case study for the application of Peter L. Berger’s and Pierre Bourdieu’s distinctive sociological approaches to the study of religious/spiritual identity construction/reconstruction. As this case study demonstrates, Berger’s dialectically ordered “holy trinity” of externalization, objectivization, and internalization focuses primarily on social interactions, but largely ignores both power inequalities between individuals as well as the multi-layered context of social reality production/coproduction. Bourdieu’s dialectically ordered “holy trinity” of habitus, field, and capital also examines the process of social reality production/coproduction. By contrast, however, it does address sources of (unequally distributed) power between individuals and groups, and is adaptable to a more highly complexified multi-level social interactional scenario, but it tends to “crystallize” power, thereby obfuscating its socially mediated conditionality. A fuller analysis of religious pluralism requires a dialectically ordered theoretical approach which encompasses both dynamic social interactions, as well as the formation (and dissolution) of power sources within these interactions.

scholarly journals Socioeconomic status and social relationships in persons with spinal cord injury from 22 countries: Does the countries’ socioeconomic development moderate associations?

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. e0255448
Author(s):  
Christine Fekete ◽  
Jan D. Reinhardt ◽  
Mohit Arora ◽  
Julia Patrick Engkasan ◽  
Mirja Gross-Hemmi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Relationship Satisfaction ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Interaction Terms ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
Main Effects

Background Social relationships are powerful determinants of health and inequalities in social relationships across socioeconomic status (SES) groups may contribute to social inequalities in health. This study investigates inequalities in social relationships in an international sample of persons with spinal cord injury and explores whether social gradients in relationships are moderated by the countries’ socioeconomic development (SED). Methods Data from 12,330 participants of the International SCI Community Survey (InSCI) performed in 22 countries were used. We regressed social relationships (belongingness, relationship satisfaction, social interactions) on individual SES (education, income, employment, financial hardship, subjective status) and countries’ SED (Human Development Index) using multi-level models (main effects). To test potential moderation of the SED, interaction terms between individual SES and countries’ SED were entered into multi-level models. Results Paid work, absence of financial hardship and higher subjective status were related to higher belongingness (OR, 95% CI: 1.50, 1.34–1.67; 1.76, 1.53–2.03; 1.16, 1.12–1.19, respectively), higher relationship satisfaction (OR, 95% CI: 1.28, 1.15–1.42; 1.97, 1.72–2.27; 1.20, 1.17–1.24, respectively) and fewer problems with social interactions (Coeff, 95% CI: 0.96, 0.82–1.10; 1.93, 1.74–2.12; 0.26, 0.22–0.29, respectively), whereas associations with education and income were less consistent. Main effects for countries’ SED showed that persons from lower SED countries reported somewhat higher relationship satisfaction (OR, 95% CI: 0.97, 0.94–0.99) and less problems with social interactions (Coeff, 95% CI: -0.04, -0.09- -0.003). Results from moderation analysis revealed that having paid work was more important for relationships in lower SED countries, while education and subjective status were more important for relationships in higher SED countries (interaction terms p<0.05). Conclusion Social relationships in persons with spinal cord injury are patterned according to individual SES and the countries’ SED and larger socioeconomic structures partly moderate associations between individual SES and social relationships.

Evolving Attitudes Toward the Personal Use of Technology While at Work

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 44-54
Author(s):  
Bryon Patrick Balint
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Data ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Work Time ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Personal Gain ◽  
Personal Time ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
Personal Use ◽  
Personal Productivity ◽  
Over Time

Since the advent of the consumer internet and later the smartphone, the lines between “work time” and “personal time” have eroded. Employees increasingly have access to technology that facilitates the performance of personal activities while in the workplace. This study examines changes in attitudes towards using technology for personal gain while at work. The study uses a longitudinal data set of survey data collected from 2013 to 2018. This paper finds that attitudes have become more permissive over time when it comes to using technology for personal productivity and for obtaining information not related to work. In contrast, this research also finds that attitudes towards using technology for relaxation and entertainment while at work have become less permissive.

scholarly journals PERENCANAAN PENGUKURAN KERJA DALAM MENENTUKAN WAKTU STANDAR DENGAN METODE TIME STUDY GUNA MENINGKATKAN PRODUKTIVITAS KERJA PADA DIVISI POMPA MINYAK PT BUKAKA TEKNIK UTAMA TBK.

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tutus Rully ◽  
Noni Tri Rahmawati
Keyword(s):  
Work Productivity ◽  
Working Time ◽  
Time Study ◽  
Work Time ◽  
Personal Time ◽  
Work Measurement ◽  
Standard Time ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Time Standards

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study was to determine the workers planning work measurement, to determine the productivity of the workers, and to determine the measurement of work in improving the productivity of workers. The method used is a case study and one of measurement method used is a work time study. Results and discussion of this research is a discrepancy between theory and phenomena that occur in the company, that there are some workers who use idle time and personal time more than 20% (96 minutes) of total working time. Lack supervision on the discipline of working time and standard time greatly affect the productivity levels of workers. With the use of a good standard time, labor productivity increased as indicated by the number of units produced of two workers from 11 units to 14 units.Keyword: Measurement of work, time standards and work productivity standards

scholarly journals Flexible Working Space (FWS) Solusi Kerja New Normal di Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-154
Author(s):  
Siti Nur Azizah ◽  
Sri Wahyuningsih
Keyword(s):  
Digital Natives ◽  
Flexible Work ◽  
New Normal ◽  
Work Space ◽  
Working Space ◽  
Flexible Working

Pandemi virus corona dengan Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar (PSBB) di sejumlah wilayah telah memaksa masyarakat beradaptasi dengan cepat, termasuk dalam bekerja. Konsep Flexible Work Space (FWS)  kini banyak dipakai untuk menjaga produktivitas optimal di tengah berbagai pembatasan. FWS erat kaitannya dengan bonus demografi, generasi milenial, dan generasi Z di sisi suplai, dan industrial 4.0 di sisi demand pasar tenaga kerja. Milenial dan Gen-Z dalam beberapa literatur teoritis dan empiris dikenal sebagai generasi yang digital natives, pengguna teknologi , yang lebih tinggi team-oriented. Pandemi Covid-19 menjadikan wacana flexible working space yang sebelumnya sudah banyak dibicarakan, perlu ditindaklanjuti lebih serius oleh pemerintah dan juga para pelaku usaha.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document