scholarly journals The Emergence of a Transnational Advocacy Network: International Election Monitoring in the Philippines, Chile, Nicaragua, and Mexico

2004 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arturo Santa Cruz
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
International System ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
World Politics ◽  
State Sovereignty ◽  
Transnational Advocacy ◽  
Norm Diffusion ◽  
The Third ◽  
Advocacy Network ◽  
Election Monitoring

In this paper I question the existence of a global civil society, suggesting that what we have witnessed in recent years is the emergence of myriad transnational advocacy networks (TANs). I illustrate this claim by looking at a recently novel area in world politics: the international monitoring of elections (IEM), a practice which I claim has partially redefined state sovereignty. This paper takes form as follows. In the first section I present a conceptual discussion on world civil society and TANS , and suggest an unexplored way in which emergent norms might be adopted internationally. In the next four sections I follow the evolution of the IEM TAN. Thus, the second section deals with the foundational 1986 Philippine case; the third section with the 1988 Chilean plebiscite; the fourth with the 1990 Nicaraguan elections, and the fifth with the 1994 Mexican electoral process. I conclude in the sixth section by evaluating the usefulness of the path of norm-diffusion, and by discussing how the practice of non-state actors has contributed to the redefinition of both state sovereignty and the international system.

scholarly journals Transnational Relations and Activism in International Relations: Debates and Consensus in Literature

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 142
Author(s):  
Ani W. Soetjipto ◽  
Arivia Tri Dara Yuliestiana
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
International Relations ◽  
Transnational Activism ◽  
Transnational Advocacy ◽  
Political Opportunity ◽  
Transnational Relations ◽  
Norm Diffusion ◽  
Opportunity Structures ◽  
Political Opportunity Structures

This article explores the concepts of transnational relations and activism in the study of International Relations, specifically the role of civil society in transnational advocacy. It is fascinating to discuss the role of civil society when state actors are no longer the most prominent actors in International Relations studies in the midst of globalisation. Some articles related to transnational relations have been written by the scholars of International Relations such as Thomas Risse-Kappen (1995). Even so, one of the most sophisticated concepts of transnational activism was introduced by Margaret Keck and Kathryn Sikkink (1998), in Activists Beyond Borders: Advocacy Networks in International Politics. In order to fully understand transnational activism in the study of International Relations, a divergent perspective can be applied. In this article, the authors aim to examine the recent debates and its counternarratives in International Relations through critical and constructivism lenses. Firstly, this article would describe the concepts of transnationalism and transnational activism in the study of International Relations (state of the art). Secondly, it would be a discussion in the literature on transnationalism and transnational activism which cover themes about norm diffusion, the ‘boomerang pattern’, political opportunity structures and accountability and effectiveness. The last part is conclusion that can be drawn from this consensus and debates in the concept of transnational activism.

The United Nations

2018 ◽  
pp. 2-40
Author(s):  
Thomas G. Weiss ◽  
Sam Daws
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
International System ◽  
World Politics ◽  
State Sovereignty ◽  
Analytical Precision ◽  
State Actors ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
Historical Reflection ◽  
Technological Opportunities

This chapter makes the case for greater analytical precision and historical reflection about the balance between change and continuity within the United Nations since its founding in 1945. The most pertinent changes fall under four headings: the emergence of new threats and new technological opportunities; the increasing role of non-state actors; the reformulation of state sovereignty; and the emergence of a multipolar world. This chapter examines the nature and role of each of these in today’s international system and urges readers to keep in mind three distinct analytical problems: defining the nature of change; determining the meaning of success and failure; and tracking the ups-and-downs in world politics. It also introduces the forty-four chapters that follow in The Oxford Handbook on the United Nations.

Logics of mind and international system: a journey with Robert Jervis

2004 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 559-582 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thierry Balzacq ◽  
Robert Jervis
Keyword(s):  
Political Psychology ◽  
Complexity Theory ◽  
International System ◽  
World Politics ◽  
Pivotal Role ◽  
Rigorous Analysis ◽  
Contemporary World ◽  
The Third ◽  
System A ◽  
Squeeze Out

The following exchange builds upon, and reassesses, the intellectual trajectory of Robert Jervis since The Logic of Images. It is organised around three interrelated sections that, tentatively, squeeze out the gist of Jervis' contribution to IR during his three and half decades of remarkable scholarship. The purpose, however, is not to offer a comprehensive view of Jervis' work; instead I want to set signposts that will help us get smoothly into his ‘system of thought’ and substantiate the salience of his account. In the first section, we concentrate on issues of images and (mis)perceptions. Here, Jervis reasserts that political psychology, a crucial site of relevance of actors' behaviour, is perfectly amenable to a rigorous analysis, and should thus be granted a pivotal role in understanding the dynamics of world politics. Insights of political psychology, with their various implications, are taken up into the next section, the rationale of which is to dialogically sketch out the paradoxical ethos of deterrence theory. The third section, on complexity theory, brings forward the breadth of Jervis's reorientation, characterised by a systematic integration of various ideas that have been at the centre of his endeavour since the 1980s. We use contemporary world politics as a thread that connects the aforementioned segments of the discussion and thereby gives the journey its overall coherence.

Normative Principles

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Zürn
Keyword(s):  
Global Governance ◽  
International Society ◽  
International System ◽  
World Politics ◽  
First Century ◽  
Rational Reconstruction ◽  
Governance System ◽  
The Third ◽  
International Authority ◽  
Political Communities

The global governance system rests on three normative principles, each of which qualifies the Westphalian principle of sovereignty. The first questions the implicit notion that all political communities are territorially segmented by highlighting the notion of common goods that need to be achieved together. The second questions the idea that political authorities are absolute by noting the rights of individuals and entitlements of non-state actors that they have independent of being members of a state. The third principle questions the notion that there are no authorities other than the state by mooting the possibility of international authority. This chapter discusses these normative principles and their “empirical appropriateness.” In using the method of rational reconstruction, it is shown that the assumptions of a global governance system seem to be better suited to understand world politics in the twenty-first century than the notion of an anarchic international system or an international society.

Peran Ireland Palestine Solidarity ‎Campaign Terhadap Kebijakan Larangan Impor Produk Israel Tahun 2018

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fiani Nurmalasari ◽  
Ida Susilowati
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Civil Society Organization ◽  
Transnational Advocacy ◽  
Advocacy Network

Pelanggaran HAM dan Hukum Humaniter Internasional Israel terhadap Palestina, banyak menyita perhatian negara dan masyarakat dunia tidak terkecuali Irlandia. Kesamaan sejarah membuat Irlandia mengambil posisi untuk mendukung Palestina dalam meraih kemerdekaannya di bawah jajahan Israel. IPSC (Ireland Palestine Solidarity Campaign) sebagai salah satu CSO (Civil Society Organization) di Irlandia menjadi salah satu aktor yang berperan aktif dalam menekan pemerintah Irlandia untuk mengesahkan RUU tentang Larangan Impor Produk Israel, yaitu melalui gerakan BDS (Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions). Berdasarkan hal tersebut, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami bagaimana signifikansi peranan jaringan transnasional yang dilakukan IPSC sebagai CSO dalam studi Hubungan Internasional ditinjau dari kerangka pemikiran Transnational Advocacy Network ‎(TAN) khususnya ‘leverage politics’ dan ‘accountability politics’. Penelitian ini menerapkan metode kualitatif dengan teknik deskriptif analitis dalam mengkaji sumber data penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara horizontal, IPSC sebagai CSO berdampak positif terhadap terciptanya kesadaran masyarakat Irlandia mendukung perjuangan rakyat Palestina meraih kemerdekaannya. Adapun secara vertikal, respon IPSC cukup signifikan dalam mengadvokasi berbagai aktor jaringan transnasional, terutama dalam memengaruhi tataran hukum Pemerintah Irlandia untuk mengesahkan produk hukum RUU Larangan Impor Produk Israel tahun 2018, salah satunya melalui gerakan BDS (Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions). Dalam ranah hubungan internasional, masyarakat sipil mempunyai peran signifikan sebagai aktor hukum internasional, yang memiliki andil besar terhadap proses pembuatan kebijakan luar negeri suatu negara. Kata Kunci: Ireland Palestine Solidarity Campaign (IPSC), Civil Society Organization (CSO), Transnational Advocacy Network ‎(TAN), Boycott-Divestment and Sanctions (BDS‎). 

scholarly journals Jaringan Advokasi Transnasional (GAATW) dalam Penyelesaian Isu Migrasi Pekerja Perempuan dan Perdagangan Manusia di Asia Tenggara

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 95
Author(s):  
Monica Vira Ajeng Kristanti
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Migrant Worker ◽  
Recipient Country ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Transnational Advocacy ◽  
Global Alliance ◽  
Advocacy Network ◽  
The Government

Southeast Asia is one of the regions that has a fairly high rate of labor migration, both as a contributor and a recipient country. However, this is not equated with strict regulations and laws. Violations of the rights of migrant workers are common in several countries. Unfortunately, ASEAN as a regional regional organization has not been able to provide targeted advocacy. The Transnational Advocacy Network (TAN) is here to provide recommendations and advocacy to migrant workers across countries. In this article, the transnational advocacy network that will be studied further is the Global Alliance Against Trafficking in Women (GAATW) which has been actively advocating and providing policy recommendations to five countries in Southeast Asia, namely Indonesia, Singapore, Cambodia, the Philippines, and Thailand. The research method used in this study is a qualitative method using secondary data. In this study, we can see how GAATW cooperates with several migrant worker unions in these countries, either by conducting research, advocating for victims, or by publishing publications aimed at the public and the government.

Transnational Civil Society and Advocacy in World Politics

2003 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 579-606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Price
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Research Program ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Central Place ◽  
World Politics ◽  
Transnational Advocacy ◽  
Preference Formation ◽  
Contemporary State ◽  
International Theory ◽  
Transnational Civil Society

This article takes stock of a plethora of recent works examining the flowering of transnational civil society activism in world politics. The author argues that this work contributes to a progressive research agenda that responds to a succession of criticisms from alternative perspectives. As the research program has advanced, new areas of inquiry have been opened up, including the need for a central place for normative international theory. The author also contends that the focus of this research on the transnationalization of civil society provides a trenchant response to an important puzzle concerning the leverage of civil society vis-à-vis the contemporary state in an era of globalization. Further, the liberal variant of transnational advocacy research constitutes a powerful theoretical counter not only to other nonliberal theories that privilege other agents or structures but also to other varieties of contemporary liberal international theory, such as those privileging preexisting domestic preference formation or state centric versions of liberal constructivism.

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