REVIEW ARTICLE ON THE MITIGATION OF FOUR WAVE MIXING IN OPTICAL COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-65
Author(s):  
Robert Oluwayimika Abolade ◽  
Oluwaseun Olayinka Tooki ◽  
David Oluwagbemiga Aborisade
Keyword(s):  
Wavelength Division Multiplexing ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Nonlinear Effects ◽  
Four Wave Mixing ◽  
Wave Mixing ◽  
Fibre Optics ◽  
Modulation Formats ◽  
Main Challenge ◽  
Dwdm System ◽  
Nonlinear Impairments

The main challenge faced in today's telecommunication is the ever increasing demand for bandwidth and data rates. The desire to expand the capacity of fiber optic communication to accommodate this demand accelerated the development of high capacity Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing (DWDM) transmission equipment. However, nonlinear impairments are the fundamental limiting mechanisms to the amount of data that can be transmitted in DWDM. In DWDM, Four Wave Mixing is the most critical of nonlinear effects in fibre optics communication. This effect limits the DWDM’s channel capacity. There are numerous researches on nonlinear impairments that show the intricacy of FWM phenomena in DWDM system. This article present review of the several measures which have been carried out by researchers to overcome nonlinear effects in DWDM. Such measures include Modulation Formats, Channel Spacing, Channel Shuffling Algorithm and Electro-Optic Phase Modulation. The review provides insight into the methods, parameters and approaches used by other researchers. This will pave way for can thus lead to significant improvement in the design of DWDM system.

Analysis of Four Wave Mixing In Ultra Dense WDM-Hybrid Optical Amplifier Systems

2019 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Navjot Singh ◽  
Mahendra Kumar ◽  
Ashu Verma
Keyword(s):  
Wavelength Division Multiplexing ◽  
High Speed ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Optical Amplifier ◽  
Four Wave Mixing ◽  
Wave Mixing ◽  
Gain Bandwidth ◽  
Wavelength Division ◽  
Dense Wdm ◽  
And Performance

AbstractAmplification through hybrid optical amplifiers (HOAs) is a propitious and proficient technology for high speed and high capacity dense wavelength-division-multiplexing (DWDM) systems. HOAs are intended to improve system reach and to accomplish wide gain bandwidth with enhanced flatness of gain. In this work, an ultradense 16 channel WDM system is demonstrated and performance of diverse hybrid amplifiers is evaluated in terms of output power, Q-factor, gain flatness and BER. Spacing among the WDM channels is 25 GHz in order to make system bandwidth efficient and scrutinized its effect on four wave mixing (FWM) in case of EDFA-EDFA, Raman-EDFA and SOA-EDFA. It is observed that SOA-EDFA is more and Raman-EDFA is less prone to FWM. Moreover, for distance 20 Km–140 Km, Raman-EDFA is optimal configuration for amplification and from 150 Km–200  Km, SOA-EDFA shows better performance. For prolonged link lengths such as beyond 200  Km, EDFA-EDFA is a right hybrid amplifier. In order to achieve maximum gain flatness in proposed architecture, EDFA-EDFA is recommended to use.

scholarly journals Mitigation of Fiber Nonlinear Effects in 1.28 Tbps DQPSK Modulated DWDM System

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomáš Huszaník ◽  
Ján Turán ◽  
Ĺuboš Ovseník
Keyword(s):  
Wavelength Division Multiplexing ◽  
Phase Modulation ◽  
Fractional Fourier Transform ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Nonlinear Effects ◽  
Optical Signal ◽  
Wavelength Division ◽  
Time Frequency ◽  
Linear And Nonlinear ◽  
Dwdm System

The main limitation factor of high capacity multichannel DWDM (Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing) systems are fiber nonlinear effects. The optical signal is severely degraded due to fiber nonlinear effects also known as Kerr fiber nonlinearity. Nonlinear effects under investigation are self-phase modulation (SPM) and cross-phase modulation (XPM). There are several methods to compensate these nonlinear distorts, some less or more effective. Nonlinear distort due to SPM and XPM can be effectively mitigated through implementation of optical DQPSK modulation over commonly used intensity modulation known as OOK (On-Off Keying). This paper presents a numerical simulation model of 1.28 Tbps DWDM system with optical DQPSK modulation. We present several scenarios and methods to mitigate fiber nonlinear effects including Fractional Fourier Transform (FrFT). Linear and nonlinear effects are considered together, so we implement the inline FrFT module in the optical domain which causes a time-frequency plane rotation to mitigate combined linear and nonlinear effects. The performance of proposed 1.28 Tbps DQPSK modulated DWDM system is evaluated in term of bit error rate (BER) and Q factor value.

Simulation-Based Optical Threshold Component Design for Mitigating Four-Wave Mixing Effects in WDM Radio Over Fiber Systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 429-436
Author(s):  
Ahmed Musa ◽  
Haytham Bany Salameh ◽  
Ayat Olaimat
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fiber ◽  
Wavelength Division Multiplexing ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Optical Fiber Communication ◽  
Four Wave Mixing ◽  
Radio Link ◽  
Wave Mixing ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Nonlinear Impairments

AbstractThe gigantic demand on high bandwidth and capacity has triggered the need to use the radio over optical fiber (RoF) systems. RoF systems offer several attractive features such as low attenuation loss, large bandwidth, less interference, etc., which can improve the communication system reliability and achieve high data rates. However, the RoF system suffers from linear and nonlinear fiber impairments, which result in signal distortion. Several solutions have been proposed to overcome linear impairments; on the other hand, the nonlinear impairments issue is still a challenging problem in RoF communication systems. Four-wave mixing (FWM) is the most dominating nonlinear impairments that impacts the performance of optical fiber communication systems and the RoF systems as well. In this article, we present a strategy to mitigate the FWM effect in wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) RoF systems. Specifically, we study the effect of FWM under high transmit power levels over long transmission distances. This proposed strategy aligns the optical and radio link parameters to alleviate the FWM effects. To achieve this objective, the impact of WDM RoF system parameters such as wavelength ($\lambda_i$), transmitted power, etc., on system performance is investigated. The main performance metrics are the total signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), optical SNR (OSNR), Q-factor, and bit error rate (BER). Given these metrics, our proposed strategy defines an optical threshold level that applies to the optical threshold component to get rid of the undesired signals generated by the FWM effect.

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