scholarly journals Poetics of infrastructure

2021 ◽  
pp. 72-77
Author(s):  
Leonid Salmin
Keyword(s):  
Urban Infrastructure ◽  
Historical Evolution ◽  
Outer World ◽  
Functional Development ◽  
The City

Historical evolution of urban infrastructure is a phenomenon not only (and, perhaps, not so much) of spatial and functional development of urbanization as a reflection of changing spiritual and mythopoetic perceptions of the city and its relationship with the outer world. The article is devoted to the study of centuries-old historical transformation of urban infrastructure as a subject of mythopoetic discourse.

Favelas, Affordable Housing, and Authoritarian Urbanism in the Era of Mass Eradication in Rio de Janeiro, 1960s–1970s

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leandro Benmergui
Keyword(s):  
Affordable Housing ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Social Science Research ◽  
Urban Infrastructure ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Military Regimes ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Right ◽  
The City

As the number of favelas and poor residents of Rio de Janeiro grew quickly by the mid-20th century, they became the object of policymaking, social science research, real estate speculation, and grassroots mobilization. After a decade in which local authorities recognized the de facto presence of favelas but without legally ascertaining the right of permanence, the 1960s and early 1970s witnessed the era of mass eradication. Seemingly contradictory—but complementary—policies also included the development of massive low-income housing complexes and innovative community development and favela urbanization experiences empowered by community organizations with the assistance of experts committed to improving the lives of poor Cariocas (residents of Rio). Favelas in Rio were at the crossroads of a particular interplay of forces: the urgent need to modernize Rio’s obsolete and inadequate urban infrastructure; the new administrative status of the city after the inauguration of Brasilia; and the redefinition of the balance of power between local, municipal, and federal forces in a time of radical politics and authoritarian and technocratic military regimes, Cold War diplomacy, and the transnational flows of expertise and capital.

scholarly journals КАРАКАЛПАКСКИЙ ПОСТОЯЛЫЙ ДВОР ШАРБАҚ

2021 ◽  
pp. 287-293
Author(s):  
Г.А Акимниязова
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Urban Infrastructure ◽  
Short Stay ◽  
The Social ◽  
Economic Ties ◽  
The City

Развитие торговли и экономических связей привело к необходимости строительства специальных заведений, предназначенных для торговцев, путников, с помещениями для вьючных животных. Это в свою очередь привело к появлению постоялых дворов. У каракалпаков постоялый двор назывался шарбақ. Он были двух видов: для кратковременного пребывания, расположенный в черте города недалеко от базара, и долговременного пребывания, устанавливавшийся при въезде в город. Второй из них предпочитали путешествующие издалека. Посетители же первых постоялых дворов останавливались в нем для разгрузки привезенного для продажи товара, реализовав который в течение дня, покидали заведение. Функции шарбақ заключались не только в предоставлении приюта, возможности отдыха, размещения товаров и животных, но и в общении, обмене новостями. В базарные дни сюда стекались жители со всей округи для того, чтобы узнать последние новости. Для старшего поколения шарбақ был, в первую очередь местом проведения досуга. Постоялый двор играл важную роль в жизни каракалпаков. Об этом свидетельствует их количество. К середине XX века постоялый двор начинает терять свою значимость в связи с развитием городской инфраструктуры и появлением гостиниц. The development of economic ties entailed arranging special establishments for traders and travelers, with premises for beasts of burden. This resulted in the construction of hostelries. The Karakalpaks called them sharbak. There were two types of sharbaks: located within the city near the bazaar, intended for a short stay, and installed at the entrance of the city for the long-term visitors. Travelers from far away preferred the second type. Guests of the first type of hostelries usually stayed there just to unload the goods and sell them at the bazaar during the day. The sharbaks not only provided shelter, recreation, and accommodation of goods and animals, but also served as a place for communication and news exchange. On market days, residents from all over the area flocked there to find out the latest news. For the older generation, sharbak was a place of leisure. The hostelry played an important role in the social life of the Karakalpaks, which is evidenced by their large number. By the middle of the 20th century, the sharbak began to lose its significance due to the development of urban infrastructure and modern hotels

scholarly journals Ecological-geographical aspects of the General Plan of Lviv city till 2025

2011 ◽  
pp. 254-259
Author(s):  
M. Nazaruk
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
General Plan ◽  
Functional Development ◽  
The City

Ecological-geographical peculiarities of the General Plan of Lviv are studied. Its geospace aspects and their influence on the city urbosystem’s formation have been described. Functional development of the city’s landscapes and their role in improving of the city’s life environment has been analyzed. Key words: geospace structure, a functional development of landscapes, city’s general plan.

scholarly journals Skateboarding as a tool for reading the city

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Polina Yu. Krutskikh
Keyword(s):  
Urban Youth ◽  
Analytical Approach ◽  
Youth Sports ◽  
Urban Infrastructure ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Academic Context ◽  
The Common ◽  
The City

Modern urban youth sports cultures are notable for their diverse and complex nature. The question arises as to what analytical approach should be used to study their multifaceted character. Using the St Petersburg skateboard scene as an example, the article shows the advantages in applying the concept of the post-sport cultures to understand how the common functions of urban infrastructure are redefined, what trends exist on the scene, how they shape the meanings attributed to them by the scene participants, and how those signs are read.  The study also employs the solidarity approach to describe the interactions between the scene participants through the ideas and ideological controversies shared by them. The focus of the paper is how to apply solidarity approach to study the nature of urban post-sport cultures based on St Petersburg skateboard scene case study. Given the lack of Russian publications on the topic, the study is also aimed at inscribing the Russian skateboarding experience into the Western academic context.

Bridging the Gap between Expectation and Reality: Urban Planning and the Public Bus System in Abu Dhabi

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-130
Author(s):  
Seunga Iris Ryu
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Transportation ◽  
Urban Infrastructure ◽  
Abu Dhabi ◽  
Working Population ◽  
The Public ◽  
City Bus ◽  
The Government ◽  
The City ◽  
Bus System

In urban planning, governments usually hold the decision-making power to shape not only city landscapes but also people's lives with the promoted goals of social welfare. Although states expect their own version of ideal scenarios in mind when carrying out infrastructural developments, after competition, people in reality have their own ways of perceiving and utilizing state-made infrastructures and urban transportation, sometimes in alignment with government plan, and sometimes at odds with it. Abu Dhabi is one of the cities in the world in which the government planned out the whole city and created urban infrastructure from scratch, including the city bus system. Although the Abu Dhabi public buses started operating in 2008, car dependency is still high and many residents consider public buses to be inefficient and time consuming and only used by certain immigrant working population.

scholarly journals Legal problems of the introduction and application of digital technologies in the field of passenger transport

2018 ◽  
Vol 239 ◽  
pp. 04009
Author(s):  
R.B. Bryukhov ◽  
K.E. Kovalenko
Keyword(s):  
Business Models ◽  
Urban Infrastructure ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Small Cities ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Doing Business ◽  
Urban Public Transport ◽  
New Business ◽  
The City ◽  
Motorised Transport

Urbanization continues. There is an outflow of population from small cities and towns to large ones. According to some estimates, 60% of the world's population will live in cities by 2060 (now 50%). The middle class is growing, and there are more and more people who buy cars. Consequently, the load on urban infrastructure and roads is increasing. The high number of traffic jams leads to negative consequences: the delay in the delivery of goods, the late arrival of people to work, etc. On the other hand, despite the best efforts of manufacturers, transport continues to pollute the atmosphere. Technologies continue to develop rapidly, new business models, rules of doing business in transport and ways to use it are emerging. Recently, there has been the emergence of such innovations as car sharing (the use of cars that are freely available in the city), various types of taxis that can be called up using a mobile phone, and improved urban public transport. In addition, the most current urban trends are the development of pedestrian areas in large cities, non-motorised transport, and bicycles.

scholarly journals Formation of the organizational-managerial model of renovation of urban territories

2018 ◽  
Vol 196 ◽  
pp. 04029 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dmitriy Topchiy ◽  
Andrey Tokarskiy
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Infrastructure ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Social Needs ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Special Role ◽  
The Social ◽  
Urban Territories ◽  
Production Areas ◽  
The City

The pace of modern urban development dictates special requirements for the structure of zoning and the designation of the territories of megacities. Formed requirements for the objects of residential and recreational areas, urban infrastructure and communications facilities. A special role in the issue of improving the comfort of the urban environment, is the process of renovation of production areas. One of the main principles of urban planning is the location of production in the outskirts of cities and settlements. However, with the development of urban areas, once located at the disposal of production, are surrounded by residential and administrative-office blocks. This “neighborhood” not only causes discomfort to residents, but also creates an excessive environmental burden on the environment. In addition, the territory of the city, and especially large megacities, have a much higher cadastral value of land, and, therefore, create an additional tax burden on production, as added value to the output. All these elements make the products uncompetitive, especially in comparison with similar products produced outside the metropolitan area. Thus, the process of output of production beyond the city limits is actually cyclical and uninterrupted. Territories that remain after the withdrawal of production facilities are subject to comprehensive analysis, taking into account the social needs of the city, and further renovation.

Lively Infrastructure

2014 ◽  
Vol 31 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 137-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ash Amin
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Informal Settlements ◽  
Urban Infrastructure ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Social ◽  
Community Solidarity ◽  
Belo Horizonte ◽  
Struggle For Recognition ◽  
The City

This paper examines the social life and sociality of urban infrastructure. Drawing on a case study of land occupations and informal settlements in the city of Belo Horizonte in Brazil, where the staples of life such as water, electricity, shelter and sanitation are co-constructed by the poor, the paper argues that infrastructures – visible and invisible – are deeply implicated in not only the making and unmaking of individual lives, but also in the experience of community, solidarity and struggle for recognition. Infrastructure is proposed as a gathering force and political intermediary of considerable significance in shaping the rights of the poor to the city and their capacity to claim those rights.

Network-Centric Violence, Critical Infrastructure and the Urbanization of Security

2009 ◽  
Vol 40 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 399-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Coward
Keyword(s):  
Constitutive Relation ◽  
Critical Infrastructure ◽  
Urban Infrastructure ◽  
Urban Life ◽  
Al Qaeda ◽  
The City

This article addresses the question of whether contemporary global urbanization is characterized by a distinctive relationship between the city and warfare. In particular, it examines the specific way in which two particular forms of warfare — so-called Al-Qaeda terrorism and US tactics in Iraq — target urban infrastructure. I argue that infrastructure is targeted because it is a constitutive feature of contemporary urban life. Metropolitan life is marked by its constitutive relation to urban infrastructure. The article thus suggests that this targeting of infrastructure provides a lens through which to investigate some of the central questions posed by the contemporary urbanization of security.

scholarly journals Synchronous monitoring of γ, β-background and atmospheric precipitations in geophysical observatories of IMCES SB RAS and BEC IAO SB RAS

2020 ◽  
pp. 165-179
Author(s):  
Г.А. Яковлев ◽  
А.А. Кобзев ◽  
С.В. Смирнов ◽  
И.В. Беляева ◽  
М.Ю. Аршинов ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Atmospheric Precipitation ◽  
Urban Infrastructure ◽  
Radiation Background ◽  
Monitoring Point ◽  
Γ Radiation ◽  
Rain Gauges ◽  
Equivalent Rate ◽  
Ambient Dose Equivalent ◽  
The City

Синхронный эксперимент по исследованию динамики радиационных величин в различных условиях: городская среда и открытая загородная местность был произведен в августе-сентябре 2020. Ежеминутно производили измерения мощности амбиентногоэквивалента дозы γ-излучения, плотности потока β-излучения на высоте 1 м на территориях геофизической обсерватории ИМКЭС СО РАН и на станции БЭК ИОА СО РАН. Оба пункта мониторинга были оборудованы оптическими осадкомерами ОПТИОС. Основной целью исследования было исследование различий в отклике радиационного β-и γ-фона на жидкие атмосферные осадки внутри городской среды и на открытой местности, вдалеке от городской инфраструктуры и лесных массивов. Доказано, что пункт мониторинг, расположенный в городской черте адекватно отражают метеорологическую обстановку, как минимум в радиусе 3 км. A synchronous experiment to study the dynamics of radiation quantities in various conditions: the urban environment and open countryside was carried out in August-September 2020. Every minute measurements of the ambient dose equivalent rate of γ-radiation, β-radiation flux density were made at 1 m height in the territories of the IMСES SB RAS geophysical observatory and at the BEC station of IAO SB RAS. Both monitoring points were equipped with OPTIOS optical rain gauges. The main purpose of the study was to study the differences in the response of the β- and γ-radiation background to liquid atmospheric precipitation inside the urban environment and in open areas, far from urban infrastructure and forests. It has been proven that monitoring point located within the city adequately reflects the meteorological situation, at least within a radius of 3 km

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document