Providing Love and Care

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine E. Rymph
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Child Welfare ◽  
Foster Parents ◽  
Foster Parent ◽  
National Standards ◽  
Foster Mother ◽  
World War ◽  
Foster Parenting ◽  
Parent Role ◽  
Foster Fathers

This chapter examines the ambiguity of the foster parent role in the post-World War II period, looking particularly at analogies to other kinds of parenting. It explores efforts by child welfare professionals to reconcile their ambivalent feelings about foster parents through the creation and promotion of national standards for foster care and foster parenting. The chapter looks closely at professional writings about the foster mother role and the reasons why foster fathers received so little attention. It also examines the ways in which foster parents resisted their proscribed role, notably through attempting to adopt children in their care.

Raising Intelligence Levels of the Mentally Retarded: An Overlooked Educo-Legal Implication

1975 ◽  
Vol 157 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
John M. Throne
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Public Schools ◽  
Child Welfare ◽  
Mentally Retarded ◽  
Public Schooling ◽  
World War ◽  
University Of Iowa ◽  
The Public ◽  
The University ◽  
Legal Implication

Studies by investigators at the University of Iowa Child Welfare Station before World War II demonstrated that the intelligence levels of the mentally retarded could be raised, often up to and beyond normalcy (IQ 100). Yet, the implications were never seriously followed up on anything approaching a broad-gauged scale. The juridical climate now supports the position that, because the evidence is that all the retarded can learn under proper conditions, they are all entitled to public schooling. It is suggested that the public schools may soon be confronted with an even more far-reaching educo-legal thrust based on the kind of evidence first reported by the Iowa investigators; that is, the public schools have a responsibility not only to educate or train the retarded to achieve their retarded potentialities, but to increase those potentialities, i.e., raise their intelligence levels.

scholarly journals Dissolution of Federalism in Yugoslavia // Raspad federalizma u Jugoslaviji

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 185
Author(s):  
Oliver Nikolić
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
National Standards ◽  
The Other ◽  
Former Yugoslavia ◽  
Federal System ◽  
World War ◽  
National Question ◽  
The Future ◽  
Complete Collapse

The author gives an overview of the development of the federal system in Yugoslavia since the end of World War II until its complete collapse of the nineties. One of the reason for establishing the federalism in the former Yugoslavia, was the way to resolve the national question, considering Yugoslavia was a multi-ethnic state. But this desire is never, in fact, did not fulfill, at least not consistently. Determination of boundaries between the future federal units did not correspond to historical and national standards and about them was not enacted any legal act. Also, the creation of autonomous provinces only in a one federal unit led to gross violations of the constitutional status of Serbia, to its unequal position compared to the other republics, to breaking of its integrity, etc. All of this along with the fact that the country was not introduce a true democracy, eventually led to a sort of confederation, and ultimately the disintegration of Yugoslavia.

Sijaisvanhemmuus nyky-Venäjällä - työtä vai rakkautta?

Idäntutkimus ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 16-31
Author(s):  
Žanna Tšernova ◽  
Meri Kulmala
Keyword(s):  
Child Welfare ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Moral Obligation ◽  
Foster Parents ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Foster Parenting ◽  
Alternative Care ◽  
The Status

Artikkelissa tarkastellaan hoivan käsitteen kautta sijaisvanhemmuuden ammatillistumista Venäjällä meneillään olevan lastensuojelun sijaishuollon uudistamisen kontekstissa. Analysoimme, kuinka lapsikylässä asuvat sijaisvanhemmat näkevät ja määrittelevät oman roolinsa ja toimintansa tarkoituksen pohjaten viidessä eri venäläisessä lapsikylässä sijaisvanhempien parissa toteutettuihin fokusryhmäkeskusteluihin ja teemahaastatteluihin. Sijaisvanhemmuus ymmärretään dikotomisesti joko rakkautena tai työnä. Käsitys hoivasta rakkautena ymmärretään moraalisena velvollisuutena ja eettisenä arvona. Tällöin kiistetään mahdollisuus hoivan virallistamiseen ja sen alistamiseen säännöille ja byrokratian ja markkinavoimien sanelulle. Hoivan määritteleminen työnä puolestaan tekee sijaisvanhemmille mahdolliseksi rationalisoida omaa toimintaansa ja problematisoida sijaisvanhemmuuden statusta yhteiskunnassa. Tällöin sijaisvanhemmuuden ammatillistuminen nähdään ratkaisuna lukuisille ongelmille, joihin sijaisvanhemmat törmäävät, ja sijaisperheissä tapahtuvan hoivan aseman parantamisena.   Foster parenting in contemporary Russia - work or love? The article explores the professionalisation of foster parenting in the context of the ongoing child welfare and so-called alternative care reforms in Russia through the concept of ‘care’. We analyse how foster parents who live in children’s villages see and define their role and the meaning of their activity based on focus group and thematic interviews with foster parents in five children’s villages in Russia. Foster parenting is understood through a dichotomy of ‘love’ and ‘work’. Seeing foster parenting as love is based on an understanding of it as a moral obligation and ethical value. In such a case, it becomes impossible to consider care as something official that exists under regulation and is led by bureaucratic and market principles. Understanding care as work, in turn, makes it possible for foster parents to rationalise their own activity and problematise their status in Russian society. In this case, the professionalisation of foster parenting is seen as a solution to multiple problems that foster parents face, and to the improvement of the status of this type of care more generally.

Parent–Child Interaction Therapy: Findings from an exploratory qualitative study with practitioners and foster parents

2020 ◽  
pp. 147332502091772
Author(s):  
Katelyn Blair ◽  
James Topitzes ◽  
Erin N Winkler ◽  
Cheryl B McNeil
Keyword(s):  
Child Welfare ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Foster Parents ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Foster Parent ◽  
Implementation Barriers ◽  
Parent Child Interaction Therapy ◽  
Child Interaction ◽  
Parent Child Interaction ◽  
Parent Child

This exploratory study examines practitioners’ and foster parents’ perceptions on use of Parent–Child Interaction Therapy in child welfare. Focus groups were completed with Parent–Child Interaction Therapy practitioners and foster parents. Thematic analysis was employed, and four main themes were analyzed. First, practitioners and foster parents identified implementation barriers. Second, practitioners and foster parents identified factors that facilitate implementation. While practitioners perceived benefits from on-going consultation, foster parents favored treatment flexibility and a strong therapeutic alliance with practitioners. Third, practitioners and foster parents found that the integration of trauma principles into Parent–Child Interaction Therapy helped to meet the needs of the child welfare population. Finally, the translation of Parent–Child Interaction Therapy into child welfare may be facilitated by model adaptations, such as brief treatments, and integrating Parent–Child Interaction Therapy into pre-service foster parent trainings. Findings are discussed within the context of the relevant literature, and recommendations for future areas of study are proposed.

Helping America’s Orphans of War

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine E. Rymph
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Child Welfare ◽  
Foster Parents ◽  
Child Welfare Professionals ◽  
Foster Mothers ◽  
The Us ◽  
War Effort ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Economic Considerations

This chapter examines the impact of World War II, which increased the need for foster care, decreased the supply of foster parents, and exacerbated tensions over women’s roles as workers, mothers, and caregivers. In an effort to meet wartime needs for foster parents, child welfare professionals turned to the rhetoric of war service to recruit foster families, celebrating foster mothers’ caregiving as part of the war effort. As was also the case for other women working in war industries, however, champions celebrated foster mothers’ motivations in traditionally feminine terms while often downplaying the very real economic considerations at play. The chapter examines the role of a program to temporarily place British children in American homes (administered by the US Committee for the Care of European Children) in further developing the American child welfare infrastructure. It also explores child welfare professionals’ opposition to institutional day care.

scholarly journals Invariant and Variant Sociopsychological Characteristics of Successful Foster Mothers

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 149-163
Author(s):  
V.N. Oslon ◽  
M.A. Odintsova ◽  
G.V. Semya ◽  
E.A. Zinchenko
Keyword(s):  
Foster Children ◽  
Foster Parents ◽  
Professional Community ◽  
Diagnostic Techniques ◽  
Foster Mother ◽  
Parental Competence ◽  
Foster Parenting ◽  
Foster Families ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Foster Mothers

As part of the development of tools for sociopsychological assessment of prospective foster parents, we conducted a factorization of the array of data obtained with a set of diagnostic techniques and identified the contribution of each component to the success of foster care. Invariant and variant characteristics of successful foster mothers are highlighted (N=128).Foster mothers were selected based on the expert opinion of the professional community and trained as coaches of foster families. It is shown that successful foster mothers have a number of characteristics that allow them to raise foster children over a long period of time. These characteristics should be considered as criteria for selecting potential reliable guardians. Among the invariant characteristics are: the viability of family, the dominance of motivation of altruism and self-realization in children, high levels of emotion management, extroversion, consciousness, emotional stability, parental competence. The variant characteristics are as follows: the experience of foster parenting, the intensity of motivation aimed at resolving family and personal crises, ‘replacing’ a child, solving demographic problems, filling an empty nest, as well as the level of emotional intelligence and its components (except emotion managment); personality traits (level of compliance, openness to experience); altruistic investment. The invariant-variant approach enables us to address the sociopsychological portrait of the foster mother in its integrity.

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