Estrés laboral y percepción de competencias parentales en padres que trabajan

Work stress is related to the perception of parental skills in working parents, it is a cross-sectional, associative study with correlational predictive design (Ato, López & Benavente, 2013), 177 parents participated (55.7% women), who worked at least 30 hours per week and who have children between 3 and 12 years old. The instruments used were the Inventory of the demands-control-support model (Rosario-Hernández & Rovira, 2016) and the Perceived Parental Competence Scale (Vera-Vásquez, Zaragoza-Tafur & Musayón-Oblitas, 2014). The results found show significant and positive correlations between the dimension of support with assumption of the role and shared leisure (.27). In the same way, the support dimension is positively related to school involvement (.28); as well as the dimension of control with assumption of the role and shared leisure (.22). A positive and moderate correlation was also found between work demands and hours worked (.34). It has been possible to compare the results with previous studies that reaffirm the idea that due to the amount of work commitments, the parents' stay at home is more difficult. In conclusion, people who perceive stress in their work will have a lower perception of parental competences, since they do not find a balance between the functions of both roles.

Atașamentul securizant ca resursă a competenței parentale

This study represents a system of experiments and data accompanied by scientifi c and methodological interpretations, of attachment patterns. Secure attachment is considered by many authors to be a source of parental competence. These quintessences express both, the conception of parental education and their attitude towards the typical child or the child with disabilities. Studies show that some parents adapt better than others to the child’s particularities. The family, specifi cally, off ers the child the climate of emotional security and is the fi rst social group in which the child practices social behaviors and discovers himself.

Effect of explicit and implicit components of psychologists’ mental experience on their parental competence

The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of various components of psychologists’ mental experience (ME) on their parental competence (PC) when dealing with children of primary school age. We have distinguished three factors – professional attitude, professional competence and professional learning, dividing each into a number of components relating to explicit and implicit experience. For instance, explicit representation of professional attitude in terms of communication with children is a psychologist’s self-assessment scale, and implicit representation is a degree of openness of cognitive position as willingness to solve problems. Explicit representation of psychologist’s professional competence is his/her work experience in his/her major (school psychologist), and implicit representation is reflexivity of cognitive style built by competent professionals. Professional learning for psychologists takes two forms: explicit learning, which is a conscious acquisition of knowledge and skills through trainings and seminars, and implicit learning, which is undirected, for example, through research and writing articles. It has turned out that explicit and implicit components of mental experience have a different effect on such parameters of psychologists’ parental competence as feedback efficiency, level of feedback detail and predictability of feedback usefulness. In other words, we have established that professional mental experience of psychologists may shape up their parental competence, making it both high and low. It is important to know that implicit (and often unconscious) components of mental experience have as much effect as its explicit components. We believe that study of implicit components of professional learning may contribute to improvement of psychologists’ professional training and development of a professional’s mature personality.

Parental Distress and Perception of Children’s Executive Functioning after the First COVID-19 Lockdown in Italy

The spread of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19), and the consequential first italian lockdown to minimize viral transmission, have resulted in many significant changes in the every-day lives of families, with an increased risk of parental burnout. This study explores the impact of the first COVID-19 lockdown in Italy on parental distress and parental perceptions of children’s executive functions (EFs). Participants were 308 Italian parents with children between 4 and 17 years of age; they were recruited through online advertisements on websites and social media, and they were given an online survey. The measures were: the balance between risks and resources (BR2) and the executive functioning self-report (EF). Findings of the study suggest that the most distressed parents perceived their children as less competent in EF, highlighting a cognitive fragility on attention, memory, and self-regulation (Pearson correlation coefficient, p < 0.05); significant differences were found between parents of children exhibiting typical and atypical patterns of development (ANOVA, p < 0.05). The study reinforces the need to provide families with psychological aid to support parental competence in restrictive lockdown conditions.

Development of psychological competencies of modern parents of adolescents by means of an online course

Актуальность статьи обусловлена необходимостью изучения психологических компетенций родителей подростков, которое на данном этапе развития науки не имеет однозначного понимания. Проведенный анализ научной литературы только подтверждает актуальность исследования, а также позволяет получить понимание аспектов, рассматриваемых в качестве основ психологических компетенций: родительская компетенция, педагогическая компетенция родителей, родительство, детско-родительские отношения. Кроме того, проведенный анализ позволил выделить и сформулировать психолого-педагогическую модель психологических компетенций. В статье раскрыты особенности формирования психологических компетенций родителей подростков. Стоит отметить, что в статье предложен диагностический инструментарий, основанный на структурных компонентах модели психологических компетенций, который дает общее понятие о сформированности этих компетенций. Представлены результаты диагностики развития психологических компетенций, а также описаны средства развития этих компетенций с помощью онлайн-курса. The relevance of the article is due to the need to study the psychological competencies of the parents of adolescents, which at this stage of the development of science does not have an unambiguous understanding. The analysis of scientific literature only confirms the relevance of the study, and also allows you to get an understanding of the aspects considered as the foundations of psychological competencies: parental competence, pedagogical competence of parents, parenting, parent-child relations. In addition, the analysis made it possible to identify and formulate a psychological and pedagogical model of psychological competencies. The article reveals the features of the formation of psychological competencies of parents of adolescents. It should be noted that the article proposes a diagnostic toolkit based on the structural components of the model of psychological competencies, which gives a general concept of the formation of these competencies. The results of diagnosing the development of psychological competencies are presented, and the means of developing these competencies using an online course are described.

Keeping both parents’ bond with their child in separation situation – considerations in the context of forensic-psychological diagnosis

The article undertakes the topic of psychological diagnosis in a situation of joint custody from the forensic psychologist’s perspective. The authors underline the necessity of deep psychological analysis of the issue in order to answer the question of how separating parents can create the best possible conditions of care for their child and how to minimize the stress inevitably accompanying all family members in such a situation. Parenting model in which both parents are similarly engaged in upbringing process and the child lives at both parents’ places is discussed. The authors summarize benefits and disadvantages of parenting with the so-called ‘leading parent’ and joint custody trying to show the importance of organization of the parenting that first of all minimizes the unavoidable stress of the child in the situation of separation and protects existing bonds. It was proposed that the process of psychological diagnosis for legal purposes should not focus on which parent has higher level of ‘parental competence’, but should consider which specific situation may be the most beneficial for the child, bearing in mind the priority given to fostering attachment. This implies the need to change parents’, lawyers’ and psychologists’ way of thinking. For forensic psychologists, the proposed perspective may even require a reorganization of diagnostic process.

La Competencia Parental en las etapas de Educación Infantil y Primaria: Diseño y Validación de un Instrumento

Actualmente, la familia se encuentra ante retos que requieren de su eficiencia y eficacia en la crianza, protección y orientación de los hijos, es decir, la parentalidad y la capacidad de los padres de ejercerla de forma competente. Desde este punto de vista, destaca la necesidad de un modelo educativo centrado en el desarrollo de las competencias parentales que proporcione conocimientos, habilidades y actitudes que optimicen el rol parental respecto al desarrollo pleno y sistémico del ser humano. Ante la necesidad de conocer si los padres asumen de forma óptima su papel en la educación de sus hijos, se plantea como objetivo principal de este artículo el diseño de un instrumento para el análisis de la competencia parental en las etapas de Educación Infantil y Primaria. Para responder a este objetivo realizamos un análisis de la literatura científica y revisamos los principales instrumentos de evaluación, nacionales e internacionales, referidos a este campo objeto de estudio. Posteriormente, procedimos al diseño y validación de contenido y constructo del instrumento a través de comités de expertos y al análisis de fiabilidad factorial exploratorio y confirmatorio. Los resultados obtenidos evidencian que se trata de una herramienta con adecuada validez, discriminante y convergente, para la población objeto de estudio; sin embargo, se observa una baja fiabilidad para algunos de los factores/dimensiones. Currently, families are faced with continuous challenges that require efficiency and effectiveness in the process of upbringing and a conscious awareness of parenthood and how to implement it based on protecting and orienting children. From this point of view, the need for an educational model focused on the development of parental competences, that is, on providing knowledge, skills and attitudes that optimize parental roles with respect to the full and systemic development of human beings becomes evident. Given the need for parents to exercise their role in the education of their children, the main objective of this article is the design of an ad hoc instrument for the analysis of parental competence in Infant and Primary Education. In order to respond to this objective, we conducted an analysis of the scientific literature and reviewed some of the existing national and international evaluation instruments related to this field. In addition, we designed an instrument and undertook a study of content and construct validation through expert committees and an exploratory and confirmatory factorial reliability analysis. Results evidence that this is a test that presents an adequate discriminant and convergent validity for the population under study but a low reliability for some of the factors/dimensions.

Promuovere un’educazione plurilingue parlando a casa di cose di scuola Esiti da una ricerca-azione

The positive effects of multilingual education are hindered when some languages in one’s repertoire do not develop beyond the level of primary socialization, as is often the case of children of immigrant families: on the one hand, monolingual use at school limits the sociolinguistic functions of home languages; on the other, inadequate parental competence in the language of schooling hinders their involvement in scholastic practices at home. Starting from these presuppositions, the paper describes a research project aimed at promoting multilingual communication related to school matters and practices within immigrant families of children attending Italian primary schools. Enhancing the use of heritage languages can promote parental participation in homework interactions thus enhancing CALP-related practices within the family.

The Relationship Between the Emotional Intelligence of a 21st Century Adult and His or Her Parental Competence

According to Bar-On and Parker (2011) emotional intelligence is a set of skills that positively influences a person's ability to adapt to environmental requirements. Parental competence is also defined as a function specific to parents, while also representing the style in which they fulfill their parental responsibilities. (Johnson et al., 2014) The main purpose of this study is to identify the relationship between parents' emotional intelligence and parental competence. The results obtained showed that parental competence does not depend entirely on the level of emotional intelligence of the parent. Following the distribution between the level of parental competence and the level of emotional intelligence, it was demonstrated that those parents who recorded a high score of parental competence (80-100 points), did not obtain the highest values ​​of parental competence. Through the distribution of the values ​​of the emotional intelligence coefficient according to gender, the female gender obtained higher values ​​of emotional intelligence compared to the male gender. The positive value of the Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.12 indicates that the level of emotional intelligence of adults positively influences the perception of parenthood in the form of a reward. Emotional intelligence is also applicable in the field of parenting, helping to improve the perception of adults on the challenges encountered in the process of educating the child. This research provides new opportunities to investigate the impact that a parent's emotional intelligence and parenting skills have on a child's development.