Effect of Sugar Stick Fascia Therapy on Changes in Face Size and Skin Condition

This study aimed to comparatively analyze changes in facial size and skin condition after sugar stick fascia therapy and manual technique. Selecting 11 people for sugar stick fascia therapy and 11 people for manual technique, their facial size and skin condition were measured three times before care, after four-times of care, and after eight-times of care. The results were evaluated through survey after experiment. First, regarding the differences in each period and group, the sizes of section A and B were more significantly reduced after sugar stick fascia therapy rather than manual technique, which showed the face downsizing effect (p<.05). Second, regarding the differences in each period, the sugar stick fascia therapy significantly increased moisture and elasticity. Regarding the differences in each group, the moisture was more significantly increased after eight times of sugar stick fascia therapy than manual technique (p<.05). In the evaluation of results, the face downsizing effect and overall satisfaction were highly shown (p<.01). The sugar stick fascia therapy showed great effects on downsizing the cheeks with lots of muscles, and also showed the remarkable increase in moisture. Thus, the sugar stick fascia therapy could be suggested as an alternative care that could meet the desire for beauty, by utilizing it as a face downsizing program without side effects and a skin care program for dry skin.

Sijaisvanhemmuus nyky-Venäjällä - työtä vai rakkautta?

Artikkelissa tarkastellaan hoivan käsitteen kautta sijaisvanhemmuuden ammatillistumista Venäjällä meneillään olevan lastensuojelun sijaishuollon uudistamisen kontekstissa. Analysoimme, kuinka lapsikylässä asuvat sijaisvanhemmat näkevät ja määrittelevät oman roolinsa ja toimintansa tarkoituksen pohjaten viidessä eri venäläisessä lapsikylässä sijaisvanhempien parissa toteutettuihin fokusryhmäkeskusteluihin ja teemahaastatteluihin. Sijaisvanhemmuus ymmärretään dikotomisesti joko rakkautena tai työnä. Käsitys hoivasta rakkautena ymmärretään moraalisena velvollisuutena ja eettisenä arvona. Tällöin kiistetään mahdollisuus hoivan virallistamiseen ja sen alistamiseen säännöille ja byrokratian ja markkinavoimien sanelulle. Hoivan määritteleminen työnä puolestaan tekee sijaisvanhemmille mahdolliseksi rationalisoida omaa toimintaansa ja problematisoida sijaisvanhemmuuden statusta yhteiskunnassa. Tällöin sijaisvanhemmuuden ammatillistuminen nähdään ratkaisuna lukuisille ongelmille, joihin sijaisvanhemmat törmäävät, ja sijaisperheissä tapahtuvan hoivan aseman parantamisena. Foster parenting in contemporary Russia - work or love? The article explores the professionalisation of foster parenting in the context of the ongoing child welfare and so-called alternative care reforms in Russia through the concept of ‘care’. We analyse how foster parents who live in children’s villages see and define their role and the meaning of their activity based on focus group and thematic interviews with foster parents in five children’s villages in Russia. Foster parenting is understood through a dichotomy of ‘love’ and ‘work’. Seeing foster parenting as love is based on an understanding of it as a moral obligation and ethical value. In such a case, it becomes impossible to consider care as something official that exists under regulation and is led by bureaucratic and market principles. Understanding care as work, in turn, makes it possible for foster parents to rationalise their own activity and problematise their status in Russian society. In this case, the professionalisation of foster parenting is seen as a solution to multiple problems that foster parents face, and to the improvement of the status of this type of care more generally.

The EU Strategy on the Rights of the Child and the European Child Guarantee—Evidence-Based Recommendations for Alternative Care

Protection and promotion of child rights are referred to as a central purpose of the European Union (EU). Therefore in 2021, the EU Strategy on the Rights of the Child and the European Child Guarantee were published to enable children to have the best possible life in the EU and worldwide. Member states were invited to implement the directions of both documents into practice. The present study analyses and showcases the evidence on how to progress implementation of the Strategy and the Guarantee regarding alternative care in Portugal. A literature review was conducted based on international literature. Evidence-based recommendations for the Portuguese transition process towards quality, family and community-based care are stated. De-institutionalisation and strengthening specific services—kinship care, special guardianship, and foster care—are advocated, namely specialising the workforce, and promoting training for kinship carers and prospective special guardians. To conclude, the revision and monitoring of the measures for children in need of alternative care are suggested as well as integrating and publishing data from the diverse services of the alternative care system.

PP447 Informing The Development And Evaluation Of An Evidence-Based Service Delivery Model For Mental Health Patients With Complex Needs

IntroductionMental health services for adults have been developed to provide community-based interventions. There is a recognized unmet need in some of the most complex patients that may not be adequately met by existing mental health services provision. Research is warranted to consider the best model of service delivery for this group of service users. The aims of this research were to examine the profile and history of service users defined as having complex needs as well as their service use and associated costs in the Cheshire and Wirral Partnership NHS Foundation Trust (CWP).MethodsA diverse group of stakeholders were invited to provide feedback on the content and design of the proforma for data collection from the medical records of service users. The rationale of the data collection was described to ensure relevant patient-level cost information was collected to identify and quantify the relevant resources consumed, to inform the evaluation of direct medical costs, direct non-medical costs, and indirect costs for each patient. The proforma was designed to also permit comparisons of clinical and service use outcomes for evaluation of patient health and non-health outcomes associated with alternative care pathways.ResultsStakeholder feedback comprised representatives from the CWP, patients, commissioners, the Local Authority, and housing. Relevant data for extraction from patient medical records were identified and a proforma was developed. The following items were identified for inclusion: baseline demographic data, service user data (family background, contact with the criminal justice system, social history), and clinical data (diagnosis, treatment, hospital visits, and other health service use).ConclusionsA proforma was developed with diverse stakeholder involvement to inform data collection on the resource use and cost impact associated with alternative care pathways in the National Health Service and other sectors of the economy. Based on the proforma developed and data extracted, an exploration of patient health and non-health outcomes associated with alternative care pathways will be conducted to inform service evaluation and to promote patient centric care.

Child Protection Measures as a Legal Instrument for Child Protection at Tirana Municipality

For Albanian institutions and society, application of the protection measures comes not only as an innovation in the field of child rights and protection but especially as a legal instrument that for the first time attains to put the highest interest of the child and to guarantee his/her protection in time and according to the simplified legal procedure. This paper presents types of protection measures, child characteristics for which these measures have been in place, analysis of the process starting with the identification and evaluation of the risk till in confirming of the protection measure from the Court as well as all the progress of implementation of the Individual Protection Plan. The paper offers an analysis of the demographic and analytic factors on the motives and cases where protection measures are applied. 74 measures analyzed are 74 children's’ life's where the protection system has intervened to stave off from the risk and offer the services in a safe place. In 36 of them is being realized specialized supervision in family environment where through the Individual Protection Plan, despite family services, specialized support from child protection unit is being more intensive in family. In absence of foster families, the protection measure for child placement in alternative care is applied in residential care institutions or at their relatives. For emergent protection cases, all 23 children are placed in residential care institutions for children; 8 cases taken under immediate protection and other 13 cases taken under protection and placed in alternative care actually are not leaving in street condition but placed in a safe place meanwhile that child protection structure continue with empowering plans for families aiming at returning of child close to biological families. Received: 31 May 2021 / Accepted: 4 September 2021 / Published: 5 November 2021

The Journey of Developing, Mandating and Applying the National Quality Standards for Care Homes in Egypt

Institutional care is one of the most prevalent alternative care forms in Egypt. There were more than 500 registered care homes when Wataneya Society started its journey in 2008. Care homes in Egypt are managed by civil society and supervised by the government. However, their management system and quality of care vary from one place to another depending on the managers’ background and beliefs. Care homes need intensive and constant technical support to be able to provide a healthy environment that promotes the physical and psychological well-being for children and youth without parental care, an environment that secures their good education, employment and social integration. Therefore, standardising and unifying the care system was crucial to ensure that children received quality of care inside these care homes. As a result, since 2008, Wataneya Society has pioneered the development of the national quality standards for care homes in collaboration with the Egyptian Ministry of Social Solidarity, international and local non-governmental organisations (NGOs and INGOs) working in the alternative care sector. The national quality standards were mandated nationwide by the Ministry of Social Solidarity in 2014. Prior to that, in Egypt there were no standards, there was only a set of outdated guidelines and regulations dating back to 1977. The national quality standards were driven from, (a) UN Guidelines for the Alternative Care of Children (2009); (b) best practices in the field of alternative care; and (c) Wataneya Society’s field experience in piloting the standards with seven care homes for four years starting in the year 2009. Wataneya Society continues to assist care homes to apply the national quality standards to be able to provide a safe environment for children and youth. This article will discuss the journey of developing, mandating and applying the national quality standards for care homes in Egypt.