scholarly journals Forensic Engineering Analysis Of Dynamic Wheel Tire Impact Ejection Of Manhole Covers

2007 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon O. Jacobson ◽  
Kravitz Michael
Keyword(s):  
Focal Point ◽  
Contact Stresses ◽  
Engineering Analysis ◽  
Local Contact ◽  
Forensic Engineering ◽  
Tire Forces

This Paper Will Examine The Effect Of Vehicle Tires Driving Over A Street Hardware Manhole Cover That Was Not Properly Seated And Resulted In The Motion Of The Manhole Cover Which Eventually Either Became Unseated And Moved Along The Roadway Surface Or Failed And Fell Into The Manhole. As A Result Of The Open Uncovered Manhole, A Vehicle Tire Struck The Open Manhole Resulting In The Driver Losing Control Of The Vehicle And Crashing Into A Tree. Several Of The Passengers Were Injured And A Law Suit Ensued. The Issue Of Notice Was The Focal Point Of The Case. The Defendants Argument Was That It Had No Notice Of The Defect And The Plaintiffs Argument Was That The Defendant Had Actual And Constructive Notice Because The Defect Was Caused By The Roadway Resurfacing Project. Two Examples Will Be Presented Showing How A Manhole Cover Can Be Dislodged They Are: 1) The Dynamic Expulsion From Tire Forces On The Rocking Manhole Cover, And 2) The Fracture Of The Manhole Cover From Local Contact Stresses From A Misaligned Adjusting Riser Frame Installed During The Repaving.

scholarly journals Forensic Engineering Analysis Of Damage And Restitution In Low Velocity Impacts

1999 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerry S. Ogden
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Damage Analysis ◽  
Engineering Analysis ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
Science And Engineering ◽  
Vehicle Collisions ◽  
Forensic Engineering ◽  
Tire Forces ◽  
High Speed Vehicle

Analyzing Motor Vehicle Traffic Collisions Based Upon The Damages To The Involved Vehicles Has Become A Commonly Accepted, Accurate And Reliable Form Of Engineering Analysis. Until Recently, This Analysis Has Been Limited To Relatively High Speed Vehicle Collisions, Where The Effects Of Restitution And Tire Forces Can Easily Be Neglected Without Effecting The Accuracy Of The Analysis. This Paper Focuses On The Analysis Of Motor Vehicle Damages Resulting From Minor Damage, Low Speed Impacts, Where Restitution And Tire Forces May Often Make A Considerable Contribution To The Total Severity Levels Of Such An Accident Event. Like Many Other Fields Of Science And Engineering, There Still Remain A Small Number Of Analysts Whom Have Either Failed To Keep Up With Modern Advances In Damage Analysis, Do Not Know How To Perform A Proper Damage Based Analysis Or Simply Do Not Recognize Its Usefulness And Accuracy. The Focus Of This Paper Is To Develop Damage Based Analysis Methods Applicable To Low Velocity Impacts And Demonstrate Their Usefulness To The Forensic Engineer.

scholarly journals Forensic Engineering Analysis Of Alleged Property Damage From Construction Vibrations

2010 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
D.S. Sax Saxena ◽  
Saxena Anu
Keyword(s):  
Case History ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Pile Driving ◽  
Engineering Analysis ◽  
Existing Buildings ◽  
Construction Methods ◽  
Forensic Engineering ◽  
Eye Examination ◽  
Florida Panhandle ◽  
Subsurface Treatment

The Influence Of Construction And Pile Driving Vibrations On Surrounding Buildings, Including Hospitals And Eye Examination Facilities, Sensitive Devices Such As Computers And Surgical Microscopes Or Electronic Machines, And People In The Urban Environment Is A Significant Consideration In Obtaining Project Approvals From Appropriate Agencies And Authorities. Implementation Of Construction Projects In Areas Adjacent To Existing Buildings (Aged, Historical, Residential, Commercial, Industrial, Medical Services, Or Electronic Services) Creates Additional Difficulties. Specialized Case History Is Presented Where Damage To Sensitive Structures From A Variety Of Vibratory Construction Methods Ranging From Pile Driving, Highway Construction, Rock Excavation And/Or Blasting, Was Considered. Twenty Homeowners From A Residential Subdivision In The Florida Panhandle, Claimed Damage Including Cracking To Their Properties During Construction Of Various Portions Of City Storm Water Treatment/Enhancement Project. It Was Also Alleged That During Excavation And Construction Of Drainage Structures, Especially Four Subsurface Treatment Vaults That Required Installation And Extraction Of Sheet Piles Using Vibratory Hammer, Stability Of The Nearby Residential Structures Was Endangered And Resulted In Movement/Cracking. Forensic Engineering Analysis Was Effectively Utilized To Identify, Investigate, And Remediate The Concerns As Well As Assist In Litigation And In Some Cases Avoidance. This Technical Paper Presents Some Legal Issues Related To Litigation, Mediation, And Resolution Involving Jurisprudence System And Introduces A Case History That Includes All Elements Of Forensic Engineering.

scholarly journals Forensic Engineering Analysis Of Lightning Strikes And Surge Related Losses

2013 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Curtis E. Falany
Keyword(s):  
Engineering Analysis ◽  
Electronic Circuits ◽  
Lightning Strikes ◽  
Structure Damage ◽  
Significant Damage ◽  
Forensic Engineering ◽  
Living Organisms

Lightning Is A Powerful And Dangerous Natural Force. It Is Capable Of Inflicting Significant Damage To Our Environment And Causing Injury Or Death In Living Organisms. Electrical And Electronic Circuits Are Particularly Susceptible To Lightning, Both From Direct Strikes And From Lightning Induced Electrical Surges. Fires Often Result From Lightning Strikes. Injury And Death Can Result From Both Direct Strikes, Lightning Induced Electrical Surges, And Indirectly From Structure Damage And Fires. The Insurance In-Dustry Offers Coverage For Lighting Related Losses And A Forensic Engineer Is Often Consulted To Assist In Adjusting The Claim.

scholarly journals Forensic Engineering Analysis of Dynamic Forces Created by Pedestrians Impacting Plate Glass at Different Speeds

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Kravitz
Keyword(s):  
Impact Load ◽  
Building Code ◽  
Engineering Analysis ◽  
Glass Panel ◽  
Impact Speed ◽  
Dynamic Forces ◽  
Exit Door ◽  
Forensic Engineering ◽  
Pedestrian Impact ◽  
The Impact

This paper examines the effect of a pedestrian inadvertently impacting a glass panel adjacent to a glass exit door. The glass panel was full length and unmarked, violating the local building code and building commissioner directives. The defense argued that the old building code, to which the college building was constructed, was “grandfathered” and there was no violation. Initial witness and plaintiff statements indicated that the plaintiff was running when he struck the panel, which shattered and caused the plaintiff to incur injuries. The plaintiff testified later, in deposition, that he was walking when he struck the glass. The court needed to establish liability percentage, which is common in civil cases, and it was necessary to determine at what pedestrian impact speed the glass panel would break. The analysis used Timoshenko’s theory of vibration plates, Roark’s stress strain formulas, ergonomics, and human factors to estimate the impact load and stresses on the glass panel that caused failure.

scholarly journals Forensic Engineering Analysis of a Shopping Mall Explosion

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerry R. Tindal
Keyword(s):  
Shopping Mall ◽  
Engineering Analysis ◽  
Forensic Engineering

On May 7, 2009 a catastrophic explosion occurred at a shopping mall located just outside of Washington, D.C. As a result of the explosion, several persons, including multiple firefighters, were injured, and a large portion of the mall was destroyed. This paper examines the cause of the explosion.

scholarly journals Effects of Evidence Spoliation on Forensic Engineering Analysis of Alleged Brake Servicing Defects

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
John Leffler
Keyword(s):  
Engineering Analysis ◽  
Forensic Investigation ◽  
Significant Evidence ◽  
The Road ◽  
Forensic Case ◽  
Forensic Engineering

A forensic case involved an allegation of defective minivan brake repairs. On a wet two-lane road, the minivan left the road while stopping, and impacted a telephone pole. The plaintiff driver’s complaints implied a dragging brake, and the plaintiff ’s expert reported a bent lower caliper bolt. This forensic investigation involved instrumented exemplar analysis of the effects on caliper drag that could be caused by a bent caliper bolt. The investigation methodology was chosen (in part) based on significant evidence spoliation on the part of the plaintiff ’s expert. This paper will also discuss the effects of the spoliation and resulting limitations on the scope of the analysis.

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