scholarly journals Forensic Engineering Analysis Of Damage And Restitution In Low Velocity Impacts

1999 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerry S. Ogden
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Damage Analysis ◽  
Engineering Analysis ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
Science And Engineering ◽  
Vehicle Collisions ◽  
Forensic Engineering ◽  
Tire Forces ◽  
High Speed Vehicle

Analyzing Motor Vehicle Traffic Collisions Based Upon The Damages To The Involved Vehicles Has Become A Commonly Accepted, Accurate And Reliable Form Of Engineering Analysis. Until Recently, This Analysis Has Been Limited To Relatively High Speed Vehicle Collisions, Where The Effects Of Restitution And Tire Forces Can Easily Be Neglected Without Effecting The Accuracy Of The Analysis. This Paper Focuses On The Analysis Of Motor Vehicle Damages Resulting From Minor Damage, Low Speed Impacts, Where Restitution And Tire Forces May Often Make A Considerable Contribution To The Total Severity Levels Of Such An Accident Event. Like Many Other Fields Of Science And Engineering, There Still Remain A Small Number Of Analysts Whom Have Either Failed To Keep Up With Modern Advances In Damage Analysis, Do Not Know How To Perform A Proper Damage Based Analysis Or Simply Do Not Recognize Its Usefulness And Accuracy. The Focus Of This Paper Is To Develop Damage Based Analysis Methods Applicable To Low Velocity Impacts And Demonstrate Their Usefulness To The Forensic Engineer.

scholarly journals Forensic Engineering Analysis Of Head Impacts Within A Vehicle Subject To Side Impact

2005 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura L. Liptai
Keyword(s):  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Side Impact ◽  
Engineering Analysis ◽  
Motor Vehicle Collisions ◽  
Vehicle Interior ◽  
Vehicle Collisions ◽  
Head Impacts ◽  
Head Injury Criterion ◽  
Side Impacts ◽  
Forensic Engineering

Asymmetric Design Of Seatbelts Does Not Limit Potentially Injurious Contact With Vehicle Interior In Opposite Side Motor Vehicle Collisions. In Opposite Side Impacts, Of Approximately 65 To 70 Degrees, The Lap And Shoulder Restraint Functions Less Effectively. At These Angles, With A Change In Velocity Of Greater Than Or Equal To 20 Mph, The Head Injury Criterion (Hic) May Exceed Tolerance When The Occupants Head Impacts Unyielding Structural Surfaces Within The Vehicle. Biomedical Engineering Analysis Should Be Conducted To Determine The Likelihood Of Sustaining Brain Trauma Even When Using A Seatbelt In These Scenarios.

scholarly journals Forensic Engineering Analysis Of Dynamic Wheel Tire Impact Ejection Of Manhole Covers

2007 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon O. Jacobson ◽  
Kravitz Michael
Keyword(s):  
Focal Point ◽  
Contact Stresses ◽  
Engineering Analysis ◽  
Local Contact ◽  
Forensic Engineering ◽  
Tire Forces

This Paper Will Examine The Effect Of Vehicle Tires Driving Over A Street Hardware Manhole Cover That Was Not Properly Seated And Resulted In The Motion Of The Manhole Cover Which Eventually Either Became Unseated And Moved Along The Roadway Surface Or Failed And Fell Into The Manhole. As A Result Of The Open Uncovered Manhole, A Vehicle Tire Struck The Open Manhole Resulting In The Driver Losing Control Of The Vehicle And Crashing Into A Tree. Several Of The Passengers Were Injured And A Law Suit Ensued. The Issue Of Notice Was The Focal Point Of The Case. The Defendants Argument Was That It Had No Notice Of The Defect And The Plaintiffs Argument Was That The Defendant Had Actual And Constructive Notice Because The Defect Was Caused By The Roadway Resurfacing Project. Two Examples Will Be Presented Showing How A Manhole Cover Can Be Dislodged They Are: 1) The Dynamic Expulsion From Tire Forces On The Rocking Manhole Cover, And 2) The Fracture Of The Manhole Cover From Local Contact Stresses From A Misaligned Adjusting Riser Frame Installed During The Repaving.

scholarly journals Forensic Engineering Analysis Of Bicycle Versus Pickup Collision

2010 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerry S. Ogden
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Engineering Analysis ◽  
Test Procedures ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Vehicle To Vehicle ◽  
Vehicle Collision ◽  
Vehicle Impact ◽  
General Test ◽  
Forensic Engineering ◽  
A Minor

The Forensic Engineering Analysis Of Bicycle-Vehicle Incidents Presents Its Own Unique Set Of Challenges. Often, The Forensic Engineer Is Faced With A Limited Data Set For Determining Vehicle Impact Speed From The Physical Evidence Produced By A Bicycle Collision With An Automobile, Which May Not Be Of Issue For A Vehicle-To-Vehicle Collision At Similar Speeds. This Paper Analyzes A Collision Between A Light Duty Pickup Pulling A Tandem Axle Utility Trailer And A Bicycle Ridden By A Minor Child. There Were Allegations That The Pickup Was Traveling At A High Speed Above The Speed Limit, As Well As Passing Another Vehicle At The Time Of The Incident. In Order To Accurately And Dependably Determine The Speed Of The Ford F350 Pickup Involved In This Incident Event, This Forensic Engineer Elected To Recreate The Vehicle Locked Wheel Skidding Evidence That Was Produced During The Incident Event And Photographically Recorded By Police Investigators. The Dynamic Skid Testing Technique, Test Equipment, And General Test Procedures Used To Accurately Determine Vehicle Speeds For This Incident Event, And How It Can Be Applied To Similar Collision Events Are Discussed In This Paper

scholarly journals Forensic Engineering Analysis Of failures In Plumbing Components

2011 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Vasu Vasudevan
Keyword(s):  
Engineering Analysis ◽  
Science And Engineering ◽  
Materials Analysis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Multiple Components ◽  
Systematic Methodology ◽  
Plumbing Systems ◽  
Product Manufacturing ◽  
Forensic Engineering ◽  
Analysis Of Failures

Plumbing Systems Are Assemblies Of Multiple Components And Parts (Products) To Perform Design Functions and Maintain The Pressure Boundary Integrity. Installation, Product (Manufacturing, Design And material) And External (Over-Pressure, Impacts, Temperature, Misuse, Abuse, And Environment) Defects can Compromise The Pressure Boundary Integrity And Result In Leak/Flood. This Paper Presents The Systematic methodology For The Failure Analysis Of Plumbing Components By Applying Science And Engineering.  this Paper Describes The Use Of Various Analytical And Physical Experimental Tools Such As The Finite element Modeling (Fem), Radiography (x-Ray), Scanning Electron Microscopy (Sem) And Materials analysis, As Well.

scholarly journals Older patients have increased risk of poor outcomes after low-velocity pedestrian–motor vehicle collisions

2017 ◽  
Vol Volume 8 ◽  
pp. 43-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerard Baltazar ◽  
Parker Bassett ◽  
Amy Pate ◽  
Akella Chendrasekhar
Keyword(s):  
Older Patients ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Motor Vehicle Collisions ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
Vehicle Collisions ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Poor Outcomes

Case Exercise: Biomechanics in Rearend Motor Vehicle Collisions

2007 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 4-7
Author(s):  
Charles N. Brooks ◽  
Christopher R. Brigham
Keyword(s):  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Body Position ◽  
Motor Vehicle Collisions ◽  
Time Curve ◽  
Vehicle Collisions ◽  
Need For Treatment ◽  
Multiple Factors ◽  
Bodily Injury ◽  
Vehicle Collision ◽  
Physical Findings

Abstract Multiple factors determine the likelihood, type, and severity of bodily injury following a motor vehicle collision and, in turn, influence the need for treatment, extent of disability, and likelihood of permanent impairment. Among the most important factors is the change in velocity due to an impact (Δv). Other factors include the individual's strength and elasticity, body position at the time of impact, awareness of the impending impact (ie, opportunity to brace, guard, or contract muscles before an impact), and effects of braking. Because Δv is the area under the acceleration vs time curve, it combines force and duration and is a useful way to quantify impact severity. The article includes a table showing the results of a literature review that concluded, “the consensus of human subject research conducted to date is that a single exposure to a rear-end impact with a Δv of 5 mph or less is unlikely to result in injury” in most healthy, restrained occupants. Because velocity incorporates direction as well as speed, a vehicular occupant is less likely to be injured in a rear impact than when struck from the side. Evaluators must consider multiple factors, including the occupant's pre-existing physical and psychosocial status, the mechanism and magnitude of the collision, and a variety of biomechanical variables. Recommendations based solely on patient history and physical findings (and, perhaps, imaging studies) may be ill-informed.

105: Renal Injury Mechanisms in Motor Vehicle Collisions: Analysis of the Crash Injury Research and Engineering Network (CIREN) Dataset

2007 ◽  
Vol 177 (4S) ◽  
pp. 37-37
Author(s):  
James K. Kuan ◽  
Robert Kaufman ◽  
Jonathan L. Wright ◽  
Charles Mock ◽  
Avery B. Nathens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Injury ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Motor Vehicle Collisions ◽  
Vehicle Collisions ◽  
Injury Mechanisms ◽  
Injury Research
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