scholarly journals Thermal skin burn in a late gestation period in experimental animals: state of the system “mother-fetus”

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 114-120
Author(s):  
T. V. Kovalchuk-Bolbatun ◽  
S. M. Smotryn
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Markers ◽  
Death Rate ◽  
Fetal Death ◽  
Late Gestation ◽  
Gestation Period ◽  
Skin Burn ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Blood Biochemical ◽  
Fetal Death Rate ◽  
Post Implantation

Objective. To study the effect of thermal skin burns in experimental animals (rats) on the state of the system “mother-fetus” in a late gestation period.Materials and methods. An experimental study was carried out on 18 female outbred white rats weighing 300–350 g (per 9 rats in the control and experimental groups), which were exposed to third-degree thermal burns with an area of 12 cм2 in a late gestation period. The oxygen transport function and the main blood biochemical markers were studied. The effect of thermal injury on the course of pregnancy was studied.Results. The thermal skin burn in the rats in the late gestation period leads to the development of hypoxia, a decrease in the affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen and metabolic acidosis in the mother’s body. Changes in the blood biochemical markers indicate the presence of endogenous intoxication. In the experimental animal group, a decrease in fetal weight was observed, an increase in the post-implantation fetal death rate was noted.Conclusion. Impaired oxygen homeostasis and endogenous intoxication in skin burns in rats in late gestation periods lead to fetal malnutrition and a qualitative increase in the post-implantation fetal death rate.

scholarly journals Estimating the Attack Rate of Pregnancy-Associated Listeriosis during a Large Outbreak

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maho Imanishi ◽  
Janell A. Routh ◽  
Marigny Klaber ◽  
Weidong Gu ◽  
Michelle S. Vanselow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Attack Rate ◽  
Death Rate ◽  
Fetal Death ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Premature Delivery ◽  
Product Recalls ◽  
Fetal Death Rate ◽  
Vital Records ◽  
Large Outbreak

Background. In 2011, a multistate outbreak of listeriosis linked to contaminated cantaloupes raised concerns that many pregnant women might have been exposed toListeria monocytogenes. Listeriosis during pregnancy can cause fetal death, premature delivery, and neonatal sepsis and meningitis. Little information is available to guide healthcare providers who care for asymptomatic pregnant women with suspectedL. monocytogenesexposure.Methods. We tracked pregnancy-associated listeriosis cases using reportable diseases surveillance and enhanced surveillance for fetal death using vital records and inpatient fetal deaths data in Colorado. We surveyed 1,060 pregnant women about symptoms and exposures. We developed three methods to estimate how many pregnant women in Colorado ate the implicated cantaloupes, and we calculated attack rates.Results. One laboratory-confirmed case of listeriosis was associated with pregnancy. The fetal death rate did not increase significantly compared to preoutbreak periods. Approximately 6,500–12,000 pregnant women in Colorado might have eaten the contaminated cantaloupes, an attack rate of ~1 per 10,000 exposed pregnant women.Conclusions. Despite many exposures, the risk of pregnancy-associated listeriosis was low. Our methods for estimating attack rates may help during future outbreaks and product recalls. Our findings offer relevant considerations for management of asymptomatic pregnant women with possibleL. monocytogenesexposure.

scholarly journals Emergency cerclage: gestational and neonatal outcomes

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
pp. 598-602 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maíra Marinho Freire Costa ◽  
Antonio Gomes de Amorim Filho ◽  
Mônica Fairbanks de Barros ◽  
Agatha Sacramento Rodrigues ◽  
Marcelo Zugaib ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Age ◽  
Death Rate ◽  
Fetal Death ◽  
Expectant Management ◽  
Neonatal Outcomes ◽  
Cervical Dilatation ◽  
Singleton Pregnancy ◽  
Fetal Death Rate ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Gestational Age At Delivery

SUMMARY BACKGROUND: The gestational and neonatal outcomes of women with early cervical dilatation undergoing emergency cerclage were evaluated and compared with women treated with expectant management and bed rest. METHODS: Retrospective analysis of pregnant women admitted between 2001 and 2017 with a diagnosis of early cervical dilatation and/or bulging membranes. Patients with a singleton pregnancy of a fetus without malformations, between 16 and 25 weeks and 6 days, with cervical dilatation of 1 to 3 cm were included; patients who delivered or miscarried within 2 days after admission were excluded. RESULTS: The study enrolled 30 patients: 19 in the cerclage group and 11 in the rest group. There was a significant difference, with the cerclage group showing better results concerning gestational age at delivery (28.7 vs. 23.3 weeks; p=0.031) and latency between hospital admission and delivery (48.6 vs. 16 days; p=0.016). The fetal death rate was lower in the cerclage group (5.3% vs. 54.5%, p=0.004). Considering gestational age at delivery of live newborns, no difference was observed between the cerclage and rest groups (29.13 vs. 27.4 weeks; p=0.857). CONCLUSIONS: Emergency cerclage was associated with longer latency, a significant impact on gestational age at delivery and reduction in the fetal death rate.

scholarly journals Reducing Fetal Deaths in Multiple Births: Optimal Birthweights and Gestational Ages for Infants of Twin and Triplet Births

1996 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 333-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Luke
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Age ◽  
Death Rate ◽  
Fetal Death ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Fetal Mortality ◽  
Death Rates ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Relative Risks ◽  
Fetal Death Rate ◽  
The Us

AbstractThe objective of this study was to determine the birthweight and gestational age associated with the lowest fetal mortality for twins and triplets. The study design was a population-based analysis of all live births and fetal deaths in the US between 1983-88. Fetal mortality was compared by categories of birthweight and gestational age, for twins and triplets versus singletons, and within each plurality by the lowest rate compared to all other rates as relative risks ± 95% Cls. The overall versus lowest fetal death rate per 1,000 conceptions for singletons was 4.3 versus 0.9 at 3700-4000 g and 40-41 weeks; for twins, 15.5 versus 3.3 at 2500-2800 g and 36-37 weeks; and for triplets, 21.0 versus 5.2 at 1900-2200 g at 34-35 weeks. Beyond these plurality-specific lowest ranges, the risk of fetal death increased, more for twins than singletons, and most for triplets. To conclude, fetal death rates can be reduced by 75-80% with attainment of birthweight and gestational age within a plurality-specific ideal range.

scholarly journals Upregulation of Cytokines Is Detected in the Placentas of Cattle Infected with Neospora caninum and Is More Marked Early in Gestation When Fetal Death Is Observed

2008 ◽  
Vol 76 (6) ◽  
pp. 2352-2361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Rosbottom ◽  
E. Helen Gibney ◽  
Catherine S. Guy ◽  
Anja Kipar ◽  
Robert F. Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Expression ◽  
Fetal Death ◽  
Neospora Caninum ◽  
Late Gestation ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Cytokine Mrna ◽  
Early Gestation ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Ifn Γ

ABSTRACT The protozoan parasite Neospora caninum causes fetal death after experimental infection of pregnant cattle in early gestation, but the fetus survives a similar infection in late gestation. An increase in Th1-type cytokines in the placenta in response to the presence of the parasite has been implicated as a contributory factor to fetal death due to immune-mediated pathological alterations. We measured, using real-time reverse transcription-PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, the levels of cytokines in the placentas of cattle experimentally infected with N. caninum in early and late gestation. After infection in early gestation, fetal death occurred, and the levels of mRNA of both Th1 and Th2 cytokines, including interleukin-2 (IL-2), gamma interferon (IFN-γ), IL-12p40, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), IL-18, IL-10, and IL-4, were significantly (P < 0.01) increased by up to 1,000-fold. There was extensive placental necrosis and a corresponding infiltration of CD4+ T cells and macrophages. IFN-γ protein expression was also highly increased, and a modest increase in transforming growth factor β was detected. A much smaller increase in the same cytokines and IFN-γ protein expression, with minimal placental necrosis and inflammatory infiltration, occurred after N. caninum infection in late gestation when the fetuses survived. Comparison of cytokine mRNA levels in separated maternal and fetal placental tissue that showed maternal tissue was the major source of all cytokine mRNA except for IL-10 and TNF-α, which were similar in both maternal and fetal tissues. These results suggest that the magnitude of the cytokine response correlates with but is not necessarily the cause of fetal death and demonstrate that a polarized Th1 response was not evident in the placentas of N. caninum-infected cattle.

Effects of meldonium on sexual performance, sperm motility, testes morphology and blood biochemical markers in boars

2013 ◽  
Vol 136 (4) ◽  
pp. 303-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zigmunds Bruveris ◽  
Vita Antane ◽  
Ilga Misane ◽  
Jazeps Rimeicans ◽  
Ivars Lusis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Motility ◽  
Biochemical Markers ◽  
Sexual Performance ◽  
Blood Biochemical

Comparison of Blood Biochemical Markers and Anthropometric Parameters in Different Fatty Liver Grades

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Narges Jani ◽  
Manizheh Azari ◽  
Sina Jafari Ghalekohneh ◽  
Mahdie Hemati ◽  
Javad Mohiti-Ardekani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Biochemical Markers ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Serum Glutamic Oxaloacetic Transaminase ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Blood Biochemical ◽  
Significant Difference

Background and Aims: Obesity and hyperlipidemia, diabetes, and malnutrition are among the causes of fatty liver disease. This study compares blood biochemical markers and anthropometric parameters in different grades of fatty liver. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 73 fatty liver patients were studied. The degree of fatty liver disease was divided into three grades on ultrasonography. Anthropometric parameters BMI, waist circumstance, height, weight in the fasting state were evaluated according to the standard protocols. The blood samples were taken and biochemical variables fasting blood sugar, serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), Serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (SGPT), calcium, phosphorus, low density lipoprotein (LDL), cholesterol, triglyceride, and others were examined with photometric and HPLC methods. Results: Statistical analysis was significant between grades 1 and 3 of fatty liver (p = 0.006) and body mass index between grades 1 and 3 of fatty liver (p = 0.003). Comparing SGOT between different grades did not show any significant differences. However, comparing Bili Total indicated a significant difference between grades 1 and 2 and 1 and 3. Moreover, statistical analysis of qualitative variables, such as gender, hypertension, smoking, drug, alcohol, heart disease, stomach disease, and kidney disease, was not statistically significant between the three fatty liver groups. Median ± IQR had a significant difference for SGOT and Bili Total (p < 0.05). Conclusion: This study showed the significance of BMI, waist circumstance, and bilirubin factors in different grades of fatty liver. Monitoring BMI, waist circumstance, and bilirubin factors will be useful for susceptible people to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

Establishing reference intervals of 20 biochemical markers for children in Southwestern Fujian, China based on the UniCel DxC 800 system

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
pp. 435-443
Author(s):  
Jiming Li ◽  
Huifen Zhang ◽  
Haichen Chen ◽  
Yuebin Gan ◽  
Juan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Markers ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Reference Intervals ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transpeptidase ◽  
Indirect Bilirubin ◽  
Blood Biochemical ◽  
Industry Standard ◽  
Upper Limits ◽  
Calcium Magnesium

Background To date, China has no industry standard for reference intervals of paediatric blood biochemical markers. This study aimed to evaluate changes in biochemical markers in the venous blood of healthy children aged 29 days to 12 years, derived from the UniCel DxC 800 system, and establish appropriate reference intervals. Methods We analysed venous blood from 1980 healthy children for 20 biochemical markers. Reference intervals were established according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute C28-A3c guideline and compared with those of adults in China. Results All markers except for sodium and chlorine required partitioning by age, but not by sex. The reference intervals of total protein, albumin, globulin, carbon dioxide, urea nitrogen, creatinine and uric acid consistently increased with age in children, but were always lower than those of adults. Children aged 29 days to 12 years had a single combined RI for sodium and chloride, respectively; although the reference intervals in children were similar to those of adults, their upper limits were lower. The reference intervals of direct bilirubin, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus continued to decline with age. The reference intervals of total bilirubin, indirect bilirubin, and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase initially declined followed by a slight rebound. Conclusions While establishing reference intervals, most markers required partitioning by age (aged 29 days to 12 years); the partitioning scheme differed for each marker, and paediatric reference intervals differed from those for adults. It is therefore necessary to establish separate paediatric reference intervals.

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