scholarly journals Interpreting Trust: Abstract and Personal Trust for People who Need Interpreters to Access Services

2006 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosalind Edwards ◽  
Claire Alexander ◽  
Bogusia Temple
Keyword(s):  
Service Provision ◽  
Social Trust ◽  
Use Case ◽  
Functional Link ◽  
Minority Ethnic Groups ◽  
Personal Trust ◽  
Active Trust ◽  
Access Services ◽  
Minority Ethnic

This article looks at the political and conceptual process of trust drawing on a research project exploring the experiences of people who speak little English and thus need interpreters in order to access services. We examine posited solidarity/diversity tensions in the politicisation of notions of general social trust, and debates about the process of trust, including distinctions between abstract and personal trust, the role of familiarity, and the concept of ‘active trust’, as well as challenges to the functional link between interpretation and expectation in trust. We address the increasing professionalisation of interpreting service provision based on abstract trust, and use case studies to illustrate the complexity of the articulation of trust in interpreters, often involving personal trust, as well as strategies for managing distrust. We conclude that, while trust may be a personal praxis, it takes place in a particular socio-political context that involves asymmetrical relations that focus on particular, minority ethnic, groups.

The Setting

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolette D. Manglos-Weber
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Social Trust ◽  
The United States ◽  
Evangelical Christianity ◽  
Interracial Relations ◽  
Personal Trust ◽  
Conceptual Background ◽  
History Of ◽  
Role Of Religion

This chapter presents the historical and conceptual background to the book’s argument. It starts with a history of Ghana, followed by an analysis of the trends that have led to high levels of out-migration, and then to a description of Ghanaian populations in Chicago. Next, it addresses the concept of social trust in general and personal trust in particular, developing a theory of personal trust as an imaginative and symbolic activity, and analyzing interracial relations through the lens of racialized distrust. It concludes by describing the role of religion in the integration of immigrant groups into the United States and the particular religious frameworks that characterize Charismatic Evangelical Christianity in Ghana.

182 Neighborhood Safety, Stress, and Sleep: Ethnic Differences

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. A74-A74
Author(s):  
Frida Corona ◽  
Ryan Vane ◽  
Zouhour Habhab ◽  
Sara Mednick
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Differences ◽  
The United States ◽  
Amazon Mechanical Turk ◽  
White Americans ◽  
Neighborhood Safety ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Minority Ethnic Groups ◽  
Stress Levels ◽  
Minority Ethnic

Abstract Introduction Feelings of safety in an individual’s neighborhood have an influence on mental health, specifically, feelings of unsafety can result in emotional distress. Given the role of stress on sleep, ethnic differences in stress levels are of particular importance. The current study investigated the influence of feelings of neighborhood safety on stress and sleep, and whether this influence differs by ethnicity. The mediating role of feelings of neighborhood safety on the relation between stress and sleep was also explored. Methods 947 participants were recruited to participate in a questionnaire through Amazon Mechanical Turk, university SONA system, and social media. Components of this survey included the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), and the Neighborhood Questionnaire Neighborhood Safety Subscale. In addition, information was collected about participants’ living surroundings. Results Feelings of unsafety in one’s neighborhood result in higher stress levels and poorer sleep. These differences were greater for Black Americans, Asian Americans, and Latino Americans, compared to White Americans. Feelings of lower neighborhood safety result in higher stress, leading to poorer sleep. Conclusion The effects of neighborhood safety on stress and sleep are of particular interest due to the ethnic differences present. Given the health disparities present for minority ethnic groups in the United States, the factors involved in feelings of neighborhood safety should be further investigated. Support (if any):

scholarly journals Trust: Condition of action or condition of appraisal

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack Barbalet
Keyword(s):  
Social Relationships ◽  
Social Trust ◽  
Institutional Context ◽  
Social Solidarity ◽  
Late Modernity ◽  
Self And Other ◽  
A Value ◽  
Personal Trust

Research in sociology on social trust is historically recent, reflecting changing conditions underlying self-appraisal in late modernity. Acknowledgement of these changing conditions, and especially their institutional background, contributes to a reconceptualization of the notion of trust and the role of inter-personal trust in social relationships. Under conditions of late modernity, described in the article as ‘precarious institutional maturity’, trust operates primarily as a term in a vocabulary of motive or as a value or appraisal regarding self and other, rather than directly facilitating social relationships. The supposed significance of trust, it is shown, tends to be exaggerated in the literature. The importance of the widely neglected institutional context is indicated in part through consideration of the case of guanxi (Chinese connections) in which high levels of social solidarity exist in the absence of trust.

Ethnic youth and sexual identity: the role of clinical and social support for ‘double minorities’

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Wong ◽  
David B Menkes
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Sexual Minority Youth ◽  
Minority Ethnic Groups ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Asian Youth ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Minority Ethnic

Objectives: Sexual-minority youth exhibit increased rates of psychiatric morbidity, subject to various social factors. We examine the impact of ethnicity and culture on these phenomena, with particular reference to Asian youth living in Western societies. Conclusions: Youth from minority ethnic groups who do not identify with their native gender and/or who are not exclusively heterosexual are known as ‘double minorities’. Available evidence suggests that such individuals are at particularly increased risk of depression and suicide, but that this may be mitigated by social support. More research is needed to understand the challenges faced by ‘double minorities’, notably their perception of and ability to access available clinical and social supports.

Community Organising Against Racism

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Community Development ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Race And Ethnicity ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Ethnic Communities ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Minority Ethnic Groups ◽  
Developed World ◽  
Minority Ethnic

This book blends theory and practice-based case studies to review how different community development approaches can empower minority ethnic communities to confront racism and overcome social, economic, and political disadvantage. The book explores key questions about the empowerment and capacity-building of minority ethnic groups. Using case studies from across the ‘developed’ world, and in differing social and economic contexts, the book explores these issues in working with asylum-seeker communities, addressing tensions between minorities and building alliances, in work with Gypsy, Roma and Traveller communities, and using arts-based approaches. The book will stimulate wider debates about the role of community development in relation to ‘race’ and ethnicity at a time when ‘race’ is being ‘invisibilised’ in public policy, and will be an invaluable resource for policy-makers, politicians, academics, and students from many disciplines.

scholarly journals The role of strategic reports and subjective admission beliefs in explaining the ‘ethnic admissions gap’ in English secondary schools

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Weldon
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Revealed Preference ◽  
Stated Preferences ◽  
White Children ◽  
Relative Contribution ◽  
Minority Ethnic Groups ◽  
Geographic Sorting ◽  
Minority Ethnic

Data from the English secondary school admissions cycle reveals a substantial ethnic gap in the proportion accessing their chosen schools. Children from minority ethnic groups are, on average, 17% less likely to be admitted into their top-ranked secondary school, compared to white children. This gap is large even after controlling for socio-economic status and prior attainment. However, constraints on the length of preference lists mean that stated preferences may not be truthful, as parents may have incentives to strategise by excluding preferred schools. By accounting for strategic stated preferences and biased beliefs about chances of admission, this paper recovers parametric estimates of preference parameters and the degree of strategic selection. To examine the relative contribution of geographic sorting, strategies, and market design (mechanism and admission rules), the corrected revealed preference estimates are used to estimate expected welfare under three scenarios. The analysis reveals that both underlying preferences and strategising behaviour exhibit substantial heterogeneity by ethnicity, income and ability. When comparing welfare, I find that differences in admissions priority between white and minority ethnic families create small but significant and consistent differences in welfare. However, larger welfare differences are due to differences in preferences and strategy between the two groups.

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