scholarly journals IMMUNOCORRECTION OF PATIENTS IN COMPLEX TREATMENT WITH COMBINED INJURIES OF THE FACE BONES

InterConf ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 712-720
Author(s):  
Davron Ibragimov ◽  
Shukhrat Boymuradov ◽  
Usmon Gaffarov ◽  
Zukhra Iskhakova ◽  
Farangiza Valieva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Medical Institute ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Complex Treatment ◽  
Facial Skeleton ◽  
Concomitant Injuries ◽  
Corrective Effect ◽  
The Face ◽  
Immunological Examination ◽  
Combined Injuries

The aim of this work is to study the effectiveness of immunomodulatory therapy with the approved drug polyoxidonium in the treatment of patients with concomitant craniofacial injuries. The study involved 22 patients with concomitant craniofacial injuries as part of complex therapy received polyoxidonium at a dose of 6 mg / m once for 5 days. Clinical and immunological examination was carried out at admission and on the 10th day after the start of treatment. Examination and treatment of patients was carried out at the clinical base of the Department of Maxillofacial Surgery of the Samarkand State Medical Institute in the specialized department of maxillofacial surgery of the Samarkand City Medical Association. The patients were divided into 2 groups:1-group of 10 patients with concomitant injuries of the lower face zone.2- group of 12 patients with concomitant injuries of the midface.The control group consisted of the results of examination of 11 healthy individuals of the same age. It has been proven that in patients with combined injuries of the bones of the facial skeleton from the midface zone, the use of polyoxidonium gives a pronounced immuno-corrective effect at the level of the cellular link of immunity. In the dynamics of complex treatment, positive dynamics were noted in the indices of the content of CD3, CD4, CD16-lymphocytes normalized and were statistically significant in patients with a low baseline level.

scholarly journals Submandibular approach for orotracheal intubation in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Traumatology

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. e49101220158
Author(s):  
Edela Puricelli ◽  
Deise Ponzoni
Keyword(s):  
Tracheal Intubation ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Orotracheal Intubation ◽  
Dental Occlusion ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Facial Skeleton ◽  
Multiple Fractures ◽  
Adjacent Structures ◽  
Intraoperative Control ◽  
The Face

Introduction: Submandibular tracheal intubation is a technique that can be applied in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Traumatology, as well as other surgical specialties. Its main advantages are helping in the surgical manipulation of the middle facial skeleton and jaw and allowing the intraoperative control of dental occlusion. The technique is an alternative to elective tracheostomy. Objective and case report: The article presents the treatment of an adult patient, with sequelae of multiple fractures in the face due to a car accident, with endotracheal intubation using submandibular approach. Final considerations: In large surgical manipulations of the face, the submandibular approach for tracheal intubation allows a faster, facilitated anatomical access with a lower risk of damage to adjacent structures when compared to other pathways. It also guarantees excellent cervical mobility, the possibility of wide manipulation and the use of occlusion as a guide for surgical intervention.

Basic knowledge

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luke Cascarini ◽  
Clare Schilling ◽  
Ben Gurney ◽  
Peter Brennan
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Dental Occlusion ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Facial Skeleton ◽  
The Face ◽  
Anatomy Of The Neck ◽  
Full Body

This chapter discusses basic knowledge in oral and maxillofacial surgery, including Anatomy of the teeth, Dental occlusion, Anatomy of the oral cavity, Anatomy of the facial skeleton, Anatomy of the orofacial muscles, nerves, and glands, Anatomy of the neck, Medical clerking: history and full body examination, Examination of the oral cavity and Examination of the face and neck

scholarly journals The use of cellular technologies in the treatment of children with congenital cleft palate

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 31-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yulia V. Stepanova ◽  
Margarita S. Tsyplakova ◽  
Anna S. Usoltseva ◽  
Natela I. Enukashvili ◽  
Varvara V. Bagaeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Alveolar Process ◽  
Facial Skeleton ◽  
Multipotent Stem Cells ◽  
Biomedical Technologies ◽  
Congenital Cleft ◽  
Upper Jaw

Background. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are multipotent stem cells capable of differentiation in the osteogenic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic directions that are widely used in the development of new cellular biomedical technologies. Aim. We investigated the effect of MSCs on osteogenesis in the congenital defect of the alveolar process of the upper jaw with the aim of improving the treatment results for children with congenital cleft palate. Materials and methods. At the department of maxillofacial surgery of the Turner Institute for Children’s Orthopedics, 46 patients with a diagnosis of congenital cleft palate were observed in 2017. Six patients with congenital cleft palate in the region of the defect of the hard palate and the alveolar process of the upper jaw underwent uranoplasty and implantation of a mixture (1 : 4) of MSCs and preosteocytes derived from them on the osteogenic membrane. The control group consisted of 40 age-matched patients who underwent the same surgery but without the use of MSCs. The distance between the cleaved portions of the alveolar process of the upper jaw ranged from 0.5–1.0 cm. The follow-up period was 6–9 months. Results. On X-ray examination 6–9 months after the operation in the bone defect area and implantation of MSCs in all patients, tissue with a density corresponding to that of bone was found. In the control group, bone tissue was not formed in the diastasis of the alveolar bone. There were no significant differences in the timing of wound healing and course of the postoperative period. Сonclusion. Tissue engineering helped in the treatment of severe congenital malformations of the maxillofacial area. There are good prospects for using MSCs in the surgical treatment of defects of the facial skeleton.

When Death Is Compelling

2015 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 352-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Schindler ◽  
Marc-André Reinhard
Keyword(s):  
Terror Management Theory ◽  
Mortality Salience ◽  
Terror Management ◽  
Management Theory ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Norms And Values ◽  
Hypothetical Scenario ◽  
The Face ◽  
Scenario Study ◽  
Norm Of Reciprocity

Abstract. Research on terror management theory has found evidence that people under mortality salience strive to live up to activated social norms and values. Recently, research has shown that mortality salience also increases adherence to the norm of reciprocity. Based on this, in the current paper we investigated the idea that mortality salience influences persuasion strategies that are based on the norm of reciprocity. We therefore assume that mortality salience should enhance compliance for a request when using the door-in-the-face technique – a persuasion strategy grounded in the norm of reciprocity. In a hypothetical scenario (Study 1), and in a field experiment (Study 2), applying the door-in-the-face technique enhanced compliance in the mortality salience condition compared to a control group.

Clinical efficacy of osteopathic correction in the complex treatment of patients with unoperated open-angle glaucoma

2020 ◽  
pp. 97-105
Author(s):  
E. N. Simakova ◽  
O. V. Stenkova
Keyword(s):  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Drug Therapy ◽  
Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Open Angle ◽  
Complex Treatment ◽  
Hypotensive Drug

Introduction. Glaucoma is one of the most significant eye diseases. It is often diagnosed, not always amenable to therapy, and can lead to a complete loss of visual functions. In recent years, the method of osteopathic correction has become widespread as one of the effective methods of treatment and rehabilitation of patients with pathologies of various body systems. In the pathogenesis of glaucoma, it is customary to distinguish a dystrophic concept, which considers primary open-angle glaucoma as a result of dystrophic changes in the connective tissue, as well as in the endothelial lining of the trabeculae and Schlemm′s canal, especially destructive changes in mitochondria and the alteration of their functional activity. A vascular concept is also distinguished. According to this concept, the central link in the pathogenesis of glaucoma is circulatory disorder in the ciliary vessels, ocular artery, and major vessels of the head and neck, it can be assumed that osteopathic correction in the treatment of patients with open-angle glaucoma will be pathogenetically substantiated and will have a positive effect on intraocular pressure and trophicity of the optic nerve. The goal of research — to study the influence of in osteopathic correction on the nature of unoperated glaucoma (stage IIA) and to substantiate the possibility of using osteopathic correction in the complex treatment of patients with this pathology.Materials and methods. A prospective controlled randomized study was conducted at 52 city polyclinics, branch 3, Moscow, from January 2018 to January 2019. 40 patients (70 eyes) aged 50 to 75 years with primary open-angle glaucoma IIA stage were examined. At this stage of the disease, patients most often seek medical care and the issue of conservative management is primarily considered. All patients were divided into two groups of 20 people: the main group and the control group. The treatment in the main group included hypotensive drug therapy and osteopathic correction. Patients of the control group received only drug therapy. All patients underwent ophthalmic (visometry, tonometry, perimetry) and osteopathic examination twice: before the treatment and after 3 months.Results. For patients with primary open-angle IIA non-operated glaucoma, regional (most often regions of the head, neck, dura mater) and local (abdominal diaphragm, iliac bones, hip and knee joints) somatic dysfunctions were the most typical. In the main group a statistically significant decrease in the frequency and severity of dysfunctions at all levels was stated. Also, in patients receiving osteopathic correction, a significant decrease in the level of intraocular pressure and perimetric indices was noted. In patients of the control group, no reliable changes in these indicators were obtained.Conclusion. The results obtained indicate that osteopathic correction is clinically effective in the complex treatment of patients with primary open-angle II A glaucoma.

Integration of CAD/CAE/RP Environment for Developing a New Product in Medical Field

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (9A) ◽  
pp. 1276-1282
Author(s):  
Nabeel I. Allawy ◽  
Amjad B. Abdulghafour
Keyword(s):  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
Severe Trauma ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Virtual Surgery ◽  
Multiple Fractures ◽  
Engineering Programs ◽  
Mesh Model ◽  
The Face

Reconstruction of the mandible after severe trauma is one of the most difficult challenges facing oral and maxillofacial surgery. The mandible is an essential element in the appearance of the human face that gives the distinctive shape of the face, holds. This paper aims to propose a methodology that allows the surgeon to perform virtual surgery by investing engineering programs to place the implant by default and with high accuracy within the mandible based on the patient's medical data. The current study involved a 35-year-old man suffering from a traffic accident in the mandible with multiple fractures of the facial bones. Basically, an identification of the steps required to perform virtual surgery and modeling images from the CBCT technology has been done by using the software proposed in the research. The implant model is designed as a mesh model, allowing the patient to return to a normal position. Moreover, an application of FEA procedures using the Solidworks simulation software to test and verify the mechanical properties of the final transplant.

Chemical Reactions of Iodoform in the Study of Post-Extraction Alveolites

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (10) ◽  
pp. 2378-2381
Author(s):  
Cristian Budacu ◽  
Mihai Constantin ◽  
Iulia Chiscop ◽  
Carmen Gabriela Stelea ◽  
Raluca Dragomir
Keyword(s):  
Healing Process ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Dental Extraction ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Mucosal Regeneration ◽  
Prophylactic Measures ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Face

Post-operative alveolitis is a topical issue in dental practice, which is also reflected by the etiopathogenic aspects. The conservative principle requires the maintenance of dento-periodontal units in the arch for as long as possible, but there are situations where dental extraction is required. The healing process of the post-surgical wound is complex and involves processes of gingival mucosal regeneration and bone reshaping, involving several local factors: wound size, presence of infection, alveolar vascularization, intraalveolar foreign bodies, and general factors, especially general condition, age and body reactivity. The quality, structure, maintenance, and retraction of the clot are key factors in the formation of connective tissue during the healing of the post-extraction would. At the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinic of Gala�i, during a 2-year period between January 2015 and December 30, 2016, 2780 patients that required surgery - dental extraction were consulted and diagnosed. We found that among those 2780 patients with dental extractions 105 (3.77%) had post-treatment alveolitis. No post-surgical alveolitis from the case study was complicated by osteomyelitis of the jaws or by suppurations of the superficial or deep compartments of the face. The prophylactic measures in each dental extraction, together with the correct and timely curative treatment, combined with the dentist�s competence and responsibility, can shorten the time of suffering, actively combating the risk factor and accelerating the social reintegration of the patient with post-treatment alveolitis.

Evaluating the alliance in videolink teletherapy

1997 ◽  
Vol 3 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 33-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
G J Ghosh ◽  
P M Mclaren ◽  
J P Watson
Keyword(s):  
Working Alliance ◽  
Psychological Treatment ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Working Alliance Inventory ◽  
The Face

The use of videoconferencing in psychotherapy remains largely unexplored. Videoconferencing compromises the range and quality of interactional information and thus might be expected to affect the working alliance (WA) between client and therapist, and consequently the process and outcome of therapy. A single case study exploring the effect of videoconferencing on the development of the WA in the psychological treatment of a female–male transsexual is described. The self-rated Working Alliance Inventory (WAI) was used to measure client and therapist perceptions of the WA after each session over 10 sessions of eclectic therapy conducted over a videolink. The serial WAI measurements charting the development of the WA in 4 cases of 10-session, face-to-face therapy by Horvath and Marx1 were used as a quasi-control. Therapist and client impressions of teletherapy are described. WAI scores were essentially similar to the face-to-face control group except for lower client-rated bond subscale scores. It is suggested that client personality factors accounted for this difference and that videoconferencing did not impair the development of an adequate working alliance or successful therapeutic outcome.

Comparison of Dental Caries Prevalence in Patients with Cleft Lip and/or Palate and Their Sibling Controls

2009 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 529-531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Al-Dajani
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Caries Prevalence ◽  
Dmft Index ◽  
And Control

Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of dental caries in patients with cleft lip and/or palate and their cleft-free sibling controls. Methods: The two subject groups (patient and control) comprised 106 participants. The former group consisted of 53 patients with cleft lip and/or palate, aged 12 to 29 years, who visited the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Hospital at Damascus University of Syria. The control group consisted of the patients’ siblings who had no clefts, and they were sex matched to the patient group. Dental caries were examined clinically and were reported using the decayed, missing, and filled permanent teeth (DMFT) index. The DMFT scores were compared between the two groups. Results: The author found an overall association of dental caries with the presence of cleft lip and/or palate (odds ratio  =  2.52; 95% confidence interval  =  1.389–4.574; p < .05). The DMFT index scores were proportionally higher in patients with cleft lip and/or palate compared with the control group (p < .001). Conclusion: Subjects with cleft lip and palate are susceptible to dental caries independently of socioeconomic status.

scholarly journals Convolutional Neural Networks and Geometric Moments to Identify the Bilateral Symmetric Midplane in Facial Skeletons from CT Scans

Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 182
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Dalvit Carvalho da Silva ◽  
Thomas Richard Jenkyn ◽  
Victor Alexander Carranza
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Neural Networks ◽  
Surgical Planning ◽  
Good Accuracy ◽  
Bilateral Symmetry ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Facial Skeleton ◽  
Intact Side ◽  
Geometric Moments ◽  
The Face

In reconstructive craniofacial surgery, the bilateral symmetry of the midplane of the facial skeleton plays an important role in surgical planning. Surgeons can take advantage of the intact side of the face as a template for the malformed side by accurately locating the midplane to assist in the preparation of the surgical procedure. However, despite its importance, the location of the midline is still a subjective procedure. The aim of this study was to present a 3D technique using a convolutional neural network and geometric moments to automatically calculate the craniofacial midline symmetry of the facial skeleton from CT scans. To perform this task, a total of 195 skull images were assessed to validate the proposed technique. In the symmetry planes, the technique was found to be reliable and provided good accuracy. However, further investigations to improve the results of asymmetric images may be carried out.

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