scholarly journals The use of cellular technologies in the treatment of children with congenital cleft palate

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 31-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yulia V. Stepanova ◽  
Margarita S. Tsyplakova ◽  
Anna S. Usoltseva ◽  
Natela I. Enukashvili ◽  
Varvara V. Bagaeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Alveolar Process ◽  
Facial Skeleton ◽  
Multipotent Stem Cells ◽  
Biomedical Technologies ◽  
Congenital Cleft ◽  
Upper Jaw

Background. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are multipotent stem cells capable of differentiation in the osteogenic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic directions that are widely used in the development of new cellular biomedical technologies. Aim. We investigated the effect of MSCs on osteogenesis in the congenital defect of the alveolar process of the upper jaw with the aim of improving the treatment results for children with congenital cleft palate. Materials and methods. At the department of maxillofacial surgery of the Turner Institute for Children’s Orthopedics, 46 patients with a diagnosis of congenital cleft palate were observed in 2017. Six patients with congenital cleft palate in the region of the defect of the hard palate and the alveolar process of the upper jaw underwent uranoplasty and implantation of a mixture (1 : 4) of MSCs and preosteocytes derived from them on the osteogenic membrane. The control group consisted of 40 age-matched patients who underwent the same surgery but without the use of MSCs. The distance between the cleaved portions of the alveolar process of the upper jaw ranged from 0.5–1.0 cm. The follow-up period was 6–9 months. Results. On X-ray examination 6–9 months after the operation in the bone defect area and implantation of MSCs in all patients, tissue with a density corresponding to that of bone was found. In the control group, bone tissue was not formed in the diastasis of the alveolar bone. There were no significant differences in the timing of wound healing and course of the postoperative period. Сonclusion. Tissue engineering helped in the treatment of severe congenital malformations of the maxillofacial area. There are good prospects for using MSCs in the surgical treatment of defects of the facial skeleton.

scholarly journals Morphofunctional Characteristic of Bone Tissue of Alveolar Processes (Parts) in Conditions of Chronic Odontogenic Infection

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-43
Author(s):  
V. V. Lebedyantsev ◽  
N. N. Shevlyuk ◽  
T. V. Lebedyantseva ◽  
I. A. Khanov
Keyword(s):  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Optical Density ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Alveolar Process ◽  
Tissue Sections ◽  
Osteoclastic Resorption ◽  
Choice Of Treatment ◽  
Odontogenic Foci ◽  
Hematoxylin Eosin

Assessment of the condition of the alveolar bone is important for the choice of treatment methods for many types of pathology of the dentoalveolar system. The aim of the study was to identify morphofunctional disorders and changes in the optical density of bone tissue of the alveolar process of the maxilla and the alveolar part of the mandible arising from the effects of chronic odontogenic foci of infection. Material and methods. Histological examination of the edges of the alveoli of the removed teeth was carried out in 40 patients with chronic forms of periodontitis. Bony fragments were removed on medical reasons for the prevention of postextraction pain. Decalcification was carried out in Trilon B solution, microtome tissue sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin. The density of bone tissue was determined on the intraoral radiovisiograms of the removed teeth and intact teeth in 80 persons of the control group. Results. It is established that with chronic forms of periodontitis under the periosteum of the alveolar processes (parts), osteoclastic resorption occurs either in the plane of the bone or with the formation of gauchepic lacunae. The channels of the osteons and the folkman channels widen, and in their circles there are also foci of resorption. Appear pycnosis of osteocytes and extensive areas with empty and dilated osseous lacunae. In the zones of osteolysis, either connective or coarse-fibrous bone tissue is formed. The optical density of bone tissue in patients is significantly less than in individuals with intact teeth. Conclusions. Toxins from chronic odontogenic foci of infection activate the processes of bone resorption of the alveolar process (part) of the jaws and inhibit reparative osteogenesis. The resulting rarefaction of bone tissue leads to a decrease in its optical density.

scholarly journals Features of the structure of the alveolar process in patients with gnatic form of mesial occlusion

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 15-25
Author(s):  
A. B. Mallaeva ◽  
N. S. Drobysheva
Keyword(s):  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Alveolar Ridge ◽  
Alveolar Process ◽  
Lower Jaw ◽  
Natural Mechanism ◽  
Upper Jaw ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Dentoalveolar Compensation ◽  
The Relationship

Aim. To assess the size of the alveolar ridge / part of the jaws in patients with gnathic mesial occlusion of the dentition.Materials and methods. A study was carried out, during which we determined the structural features of the alveolar ridge of the upper and lower jaws of 50 adult patients (from 18 to 44 years old), and also studied the presence / absence of the relationship of this parameter with the inclination of the teeth.Results. The smallest thickness of the alveolar bone in the upper jaw was observed in the area of the mesio-buccal root of the first molars and in the area of the first premolars and canines. The smallest thickness of the alveolar bone in the lower jaw was observed in the area of the vestibular surface of the first and second premolars, canines and incisors. The greatest thickness of the alveolar bone is observed in the distal-buccal region of the second molars.Conclusions. A natural mechanism promotes dentoalveolar compensation, while maintaining the amount of bone in the region of the vestibular and lingual alveolar bones to maintain the integrity of the periodontium.

scholarly journals The use of various types of autografts in the bone grafting of the alveolar process

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-74
Author(s):  
A. V. Makeev ◽  
O. Z. Topolnitsky ◽  
R. N. Fedotov
Keyword(s):  
Bone Grafting ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Iliac Crest ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Alveolar Process ◽  
Bone Material ◽  
Dental Implantation ◽  
Congenital Cleft

Relevance. Fixing a cleft alveolar process is one of the most complicated problems in pediatric maxillofacial surgery. The difficulty lies in the fact that bone grafting of the alveolar process directly affects the growth of the upper jaw, the difficulty of performing surgery, as well as trying to form a sufficient amount of bone regenerate, while it is necessary to restore the anatomical integrity of the alveolar process for subsequent orthodontic treatment or dental implantation. Purpose: To review the literature on the use of autografts from various donor areas in patients with congenital cleft upper lip, alveolar process, hard and soft palate. Materials and methods: A literature review of the data was carried out using the electronic databases “Medline”, “Pubmed”, “Kibeleninka”. The key words in the search were: bone plastic, cleft alveolar process. The selection criteria were the articles in English and Russian containing clinical studies on the use of various types of grafts in bone grafting of the alveolar process cleft. Results: The sources of literature on the use of various autografts for bone grafting of the alveolar outgrowth in children with cleft lip and palate were analyzed. Currently, most authors are inclined to use an iliac crest autograft in surgery. Conclusion: Although more than a century has passed since the first alveolar cleft bone graft surgery was performed, the choice of bone material is still unresolved - due to the severity of complications, the impossibility of taking a sufficient amount of bone material, as well as a high percentage of material resorption, because even with the use of iliac crest bone, the volume of transplant resorption can be over 40%.

scholarly journals IMMUNOCORRECTION OF PATIENTS IN COMPLEX TREATMENT WITH COMBINED INJURIES OF THE FACE BONES

InterConf ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 712-720
Author(s):  
Davron Ibragimov ◽  
Shukhrat Boymuradov ◽  
Usmon Gaffarov ◽  
Zukhra Iskhakova ◽  
Farangiza Valieva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Medical Institute ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Complex Treatment ◽  
Facial Skeleton ◽  
Concomitant Injuries ◽  
Corrective Effect ◽  
The Face ◽  
Immunological Examination ◽  
Combined Injuries

The aim of this work is to study the effectiveness of immunomodulatory therapy with the approved drug polyoxidonium in the treatment of patients with concomitant craniofacial injuries. The study involved 22 patients with concomitant craniofacial injuries as part of complex therapy received polyoxidonium at a dose of 6 mg / m once for 5 days. Clinical and immunological examination was carried out at admission and on the 10th day after the start of treatment. Examination and treatment of patients was carried out at the clinical base of the Department of Maxillofacial Surgery of the Samarkand State Medical Institute in the specialized department of maxillofacial surgery of the Samarkand City Medical Association. The patients were divided into 2 groups:1-group of 10 patients with concomitant injuries of the lower face zone.2- group of 12 patients with concomitant injuries of the midface.The control group consisted of the results of examination of 11 healthy individuals of the same age. It has been proven that in patients with combined injuries of the bones of the facial skeleton from the midface zone, the use of polyoxidonium gives a pronounced immuno-corrective effect at the level of the cellular link of immunity. In the dynamics of complex treatment, positive dynamics were noted in the indices of the content of CD3, CD4, CD16-lymphocytes normalized and were statistically significant in patients with a low baseline level.

scholarly journals QUALITY OF ORTHOPEDIC REHABILITATION OF PATIENTS WITH POST-TRAUMATIC DEFECTS OF THE UPPER JAW BY CHARACTERISTICS OF BIOCENOSIS OF THE ORAL CAVITY

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (10) ◽  
pp. 2138-2143
Author(s):  
Igor V. Yanishen ◽  
Olena L. Fedotova ◽  
Nataliia L. Khlystun ◽  
Olena O. Berezhna ◽  
Roman V. Kuznetsov
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Hard Palate ◽  
Microbial Colonization ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Alveolar Process ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Microbial Density ◽  
Orthopedic Rehabilitation ◽  
Upper Jaw

The aim of the research was to study the dynamics of the microbiota’s features of oral mucosal membrane during orthopedic rehabilitation of patients with removable dentures which has an obturating part with two-layer bases. Materials and methods: To achieve this goal, our bacteriological examination of oral cavity mucosa was performed for 25 patients with partial adentia of the upper jaw and defect of hard palate and alveolar process. Results and conclusions: Of the conducted studies indicate significant shifts in the qualitative and quantitative composition of microbiocenosis in the oral cavity in patients with partial adenia of the upper jaw and a defect of hard palate and alveolar process due to representatives of moraksel, enterobacteria (representatives of the kinds Klebsiella and E. coli). The сomparing of frequency of extraction and the density of microbial colonization showed us the persistence in biotope of representatives near 13 kinds of bacteria and yeast-like fungi of the kind Candida in averages from lg (2,5 ± 0,19) to lg (5,4 ± 0,17) CFU/g. For patients who have been made a two-layered basis, materials of which are based on carboxymethylcellulose and polyvinialacetate in the period of adaptation to removable dentures, showed us that the detection of 5 component associations at 30 days was reduced by 2 times (χ2 = 5,991; ν = 2; p <0,05) . The frequency of removal and density of microbial colonization of the experimental group did not differ statistically. Among patients in the control group, the microbial colonization density increased for Enterococcus spp, for Klebsiella spp and for Candida spp. Yeast-like fungi. A significant decrease in the microbial density of the resident microflora was 1.4 times for Neisseria spp, 1.6 times for Lactobacillus spp (p <0,05).

Perceptual Speech Outcomes After Early Primary Palatal Repair in Ugandan Patients With Cleft Palate

2020 ◽  
pp. 105566562098024
Author(s):  
Kim Bettens ◽  
Laura Bruneel ◽  
Cassandra Alighieri ◽  
Daniel Sseremba ◽  
Duncan Musasizib ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Speech Therapy ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Early Primary ◽  
Velopharyngeal Function ◽  
Normal Speech

Objective: To provide speech outcomes of English-speaking Ugandan patients with a cleft palate with or without cleft lip (CP±L). Design: Prospective case–control study. Setting: Referral hospital for patients with cleft lip and palate in Uganda. Participants: Twenty-four English-speaking Ugandan children with a CP±L (15 boys, 9 girls, mean 8.4 years) who received palatal closure prior to 6 months of age and an age- and gender-matched control group of Ugandan children without cleft palate. Interventions: Comparison of speech outcomes of the patient and control group. Main Outcome Measures: Perceptual speech outcomes including articulation, resonance, speech understandability and acceptability, and velopharyngeal composite score (VPC-sum). Information regarding speech therapy, fistula rate, and secondary surgery. Results: Normal speech understandability was observed in 42% of the patients, and 38% were judged with normal speech acceptability. Only 16% showed compensatory articulation. Acceptable resonance was found in 71%, and 75% of the patients were judged perceptually to present with competent velopharyngeal function based on the VPC-sum. Additional speech intervention was recommended in 25% of the patients. Statistically significant differences for all these variables were still observed with the control children ( P < .05). Conclusions: Overall, acceptable speech outcomes were found after early primary palatal closure. Comparable or even better results were found in comparison with international benchmarks, especially regarding the presence of compensatory articulation. Whether this approach is transferable to Western countries is the subject for further research.

Comparison of Dental Caries Prevalence in Patients with Cleft Lip and/or Palate and Their Sibling Controls

2009 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 529-531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Al-Dajani
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Caries Prevalence ◽  
Dmft Index ◽  
And Control

Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of dental caries in patients with cleft lip and/or palate and their cleft-free sibling controls. Methods: The two subject groups (patient and control) comprised 106 participants. The former group consisted of 53 patients with cleft lip and/or palate, aged 12 to 29 years, who visited the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Hospital at Damascus University of Syria. The control group consisted of the patients’ siblings who had no clefts, and they were sex matched to the patient group. Dental caries were examined clinically and were reported using the decayed, missing, and filled permanent teeth (DMFT) index. The DMFT scores were compared between the two groups. Results: The author found an overall association of dental caries with the presence of cleft lip and/or palate (odds ratio  =  2.52; 95% confidence interval  =  1.389–4.574; p < .05). The DMFT index scores were proportionally higher in patients with cleft lip and/or palate compared with the control group (p < .001). Conclusion: Subjects with cleft lip and palate are susceptible to dental caries independently of socioeconomic status.

scholarly journals Original Research. The Influence of Desquamative Gingivitis on Periodontal Health

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (s1) ◽  
pp. 49-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Monea ◽  
Tudor Hănțoiu ◽  
Alexandra Stoica ◽  
Ramona Vlad ◽  
Alexandru Sitaru
Keyword(s):  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Radiographic Evaluation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Gingival Inflammation ◽  
Periodontal Health ◽  
Painful Condition ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
Attached Gingiva ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background: Desquamative gingivitis (DG) is a non-plaque-induced, blistering and painful condition occurring most frequently on the labial aspect of the attached gingiva of anterior teeth. The incidence of DG is highest around 50 years of age, and usually indicates the presence of oral or systemic diseases. The purpose of our study was to determine the impact of DG on periodontal health by recording the plaque index, gingival index and gingival bleeding index in a group of patients with DG, compared to healthy controls. Materials and methods: Recordings of specific indices were performed in a group of 26 patients with DG and compared with 24 healthy individuals. These were followed by radiographic examinations in order to assess the loss of marginal alveolar bone. Results: The results showed that patients with DG had a statistically significant increase in periodontal indices, with more gingival inflammation and plaque retention compared to the control group (p <0.05). The highest scores for gingival inflammation were recorded in patients with DG, but on radiographic evaluation the difference was related only to gender, men being more affected by alveolar bone loss in both groups (p <0.05). Conclusions: The incidence and severity of gingival inflammation proved to be higher in patients with DG, which calls for better preventive and maintenance treatment protocols in this group of patients. Early diagnosis and initial-phase periodontal treatment are very important in preventing further tissue breakdown.

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