On U. S. Hegemony over the Communications Industry from the Perspective of Offensive Realism

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-165
Author(s):  
Gu Hongyu ◽  
Zong Wei ◽  
Ding Yu
Keyword(s):  
Communications Industry ◽  
Offensive Realism

Emerging Trends of Artificial Intelligence in South Asia and its Implications for Pakistan

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaza Arif
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
South Asia ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Counter Measures ◽  
China And India ◽  
Emerging Trends ◽  
Military Modernization ◽  
Offensive Realism ◽  
Strategic Balance ◽  
Full Swing

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as a breakthrough technology which is astonishingly impressive. Major world powers are rapidly integrating AI in their military doctrines. This trend of militarization of AI can be seen in the South Asian region as well. Following the theoretical approach of offensive realism, China and India are in full swing to revolutionize their militaries with this emerging trend in order to accumulate maximum power and to satisfy their various interests. Consequently, Indian military modernization has the potential to provoke Pakistan to take counter measures. Pakistan is already encountering a number of challenges in economic sector and will face the strenuous task of accommodating a handsome financial share for the development of its AI capabilities. South Asia is a very turbulent region characterized by arch rivals who are also nuclear powers and have repeatedly indulged in various crises over the years. Introduction of AI in South Asia will have significant repercussions as it will trigger an arms race and at the same time disturb the strategic balance in the region.

Rebranding China

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyu Pu
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
The United States ◽  
Chinese Foreign Policy ◽  
First Century ◽  
Theoretical Argument ◽  
Status Signaling ◽  
Status Seeking ◽  
Military Transformation ◽  
The Status ◽  
Offensive Realism

China plays a variety of status games, sometimes emphasizing its status as an emerging great power and other times highlighting its status as a fragile developing country. The reasons for this are unclear. Drawing on original Chinese sources, social psychological theories, and international relations theories, this book provides a theoretically informed analysis of China’s global rebranding and repositioning in the twenty-first century. Contrary to offensive realism and power transition theory, the book argues that China is not always a status maximizer eager to replace the United States as the new global leader. Differing from most constructivist and psychological studies that focus on the status seeking of rising powers, this study develops a theory of status signaling that combines both rationalist and constructivist insights. The book argues that Chinese leaders face competing pressure from domestic and international audiences to project different images. The book suggests that China’s continual struggle for international status is primarily driven by domestic political calculations. Meanwhile, at the international level, China is concerned about over-recognition of its status for instrumental reasons. The theoretical argument is illustrated through detailed analysis of Chinese foreign policy. Examining major cases such as China’s military transformation, China’s regional diplomacy, and China’s global diplomacy during the 1997 Asian and 2008 global financial crises, this book makes important contributions to international relations theory and Asian studies.

Causal Relationship Analysis between the Development of the Communications Industry and National Economy

2012 ◽  
Vol 263-266 ◽  
pp. 1219-1224
Author(s):  
Zeng Min Wang ◽  
Jing Jing Li
Keyword(s):  
National Economy ◽  
Telecommunications Industry ◽  
Causality Test ◽  
Industry Development ◽  
Communication Industry ◽  
Relationship Analysis ◽  
Industry Life Cycle ◽  
Life Cycle Theory ◽  
Communications Industry ◽  
Late Growth

We selected the constant price GDP and telecom business volume as the national economy and communications industry development metrics. First, we analyzed China's communication industry development in China since 1978 according to the industry life cycle theory. Then we used the time series model by detrending to make the two sequences stationary and took Granger causality test. The results show that China's telecommunications industry is in the late growth stage. There is a unidirectional causality from GDP to the direction of the telecom business volume.

Integrated Communications and Navigation Terminal

1991 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-75
Author(s):  
M. A. Beach ◽  
P. G. Mattos ◽  
M. Chau
Keyword(s):  
Global Positioning System ◽  
Satellite Communications ◽  
Automatic Monitoring ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Radio Communications ◽  
Communications Industry ◽  
Global Positioning ◽  
Mobile Satellite ◽  
Integrated Communications ◽  
Terminal Equipment

The mobile radio communications industry has recently witnessed a new demand for terminal equipment which can provide both communications and position reporting capabilities on a global scale–for example, the automatic monitoring of secure cargoes during international transportation. Thus, there is much interest in the development of land mobile satellite terminal equipment in the form of a single integrated unit which can economically provide both of these facilities. In this paper the development of such a unit is considered using the Inmarsat-c satellite communications service and the Navstar Global Positioning System (GPS), with extension to GLONASS possible in a receive-only version.

The long march to catch-up: A history-friendly model of China’s mobile communications industry

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 649-664 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daitian Li ◽  
Gianluca Capone ◽  
Franco Malerba
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Communications ◽  
Communications Industry ◽  
Catch Up

scholarly journals THE US POLICY SHIFT FROM ‘PIVOT TO ASIA’ TO ‘FREE INDO PACIFIC’: IMPLICATIONS FOR PAKISTAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Tatheer Zahra Sherazi ◽  
Amna Mahmood
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Cold War ◽  
The United States ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Post Cold War ◽  
Pivot To Asia ◽  
The Us ◽  
Rise Of China ◽  
Offensive Realism ◽  
Policy Shift

Asia Pacific, which is extended Eastward to the states of Oceania, Westward to Pakistan, Southward to New Zealand, and Northward to Mongolia, is currently a pivot of the globe due to its economic growth. Since last two decades, it has got status of ‘growth center’ owing to its high economic growth rate. The United States (US) had been very active in Asia Pacific throughout the Cold War period, but in post-Cold War era, it was disengaged due to its pre-occupation in Middle East. However, the rise of China attracted US again with multiple arrangements at political, economic and social fronts. There are two world views about the US presence in Asia Pacific. The first one asserts that the Asia Pacific is more secure without the presence of US, while others takes the US presence as a patron for stability and solidarity within the region. The US policy of ‘Pivot to Asia’, ‘Asia Pacific’ commonly known as ‘Rebalancing’ ensured its new commitment of deep engagement in Southeast Asia. Policy shift under Trump administration from ‘Pivot to Asia’ to ‘Free Indo-Pacific’ has direct as well indirect implications for Pakistan. The study analyses the US strategies and polices under the theory of ‘Offensive Realism,’ where ‘rational powers uncertain of intentions and capable of military offensive strive to survive’. Analytical, descriptive approaches are adopted in order to analyse US ongoing strategies.

scholarly journals Live Shopping dalam Industri Komunikasi Digital melalui Instagram

Prologia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
Vinia Fransiska ◽  
Sinta Paramita
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Online Shopping ◽  
Digital Communication ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Marketing Communication ◽  
Communication Industry ◽  
Communications Industry ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Limited Duration

Live shopping is an online shopping activity that is done directly and within a certain duration. This research discusses the live shopping process in the digital communication industry.. The theory used is the theory of marketing communication, social media, Instagram, and digital communication. This study discusses the phenomenon of live shopping activity in the digital communications industry. The method used is a case study with a qualitative approach and using the techniques of interview, observation, and documentation. The results of this study can be seen that the live shopping activity that uses social media to utilize the features of Instagram namely Stories. The birth of live shopping is based on the phenomenon that has been formed over a long time, namely ‘jastip’. Goods sold in the live shopping activity are also more diverse than shop online as usual. It also offers more interactive shopping activities and fun so that buyers feel the thrill of shopping directly on the spot and the limited duration so that the buyers will be encouraged with time. Before live shopping, sellers will promote it by using Instagram Ads or endorsement to influencers. It can be concluded that the live shopping process starts with 3 main steps, promotion, interaction, and transaction. Live shopping merupakan suatu kegiatan berbelanja secara online yang dilakukan secara langsung dan dalam durasi tertentu saja. Penelitian ini membahas tentang proses live shopping dalam industri komunikasi digital. Teori yang digunakan adalah teori komunikasi pemasaran, media sosial, Instagram, dan komunikasi digital. Metode yang digunakan adalah studi kasus dengan pendekatan kualitatif dan menggunakan teknik wawancara, observasi, serta dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian ini dapat diketahui bahwa kegiatan live shopping yang menggunakan media sosial Instagram ini memanfaatkan fitur Instagram yaitu Instagram Stories. Lahirnya live shopping didasari oleh fenomena yang sudah terbentuk lebih lama yaitu jasa titip atau jastip. Barang yang dijual dalam kegiatan live shopping juga lebih beragam dibandingkan berbelanja online seperti biasa. Kegiatan ini juga menawarkan kegiatan belanja yang lebih interaktif dan menyenangkan sehingga pembeli merasakan sensasi berbelanja langsung di tempat dan durasi waktu yang terbatas sehingga pembeli akan berpacu dengan waktu. Sebelum melakukan kegiatan live shopping, penjual terlebih dahulu akan memasarkannya dengan memanfaatkan fitur Instagram ads atau endorsement kepada influencer. Untuk itu dapat disimpulkan bahwa proses live shopping dimulai dari 3 langkah utama yaitu promosi, interaksi, dan terakhir transaksi. 

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