Cyclo.Plas 2:  A Dual Focus Development as Alternative Materials to Plastic by Upcycling Fish Scale Waste Components

Using the biomimicry of fish scale composition, calcium salts and collagen, Cyclo.Plas 2 (CP2) is a dual-focus materials development addressing plastic degradability and waste accumulation. The biomineralisation concept was applied to valorise 3D-printed polylactic acid (PLA) waste with a fish scale-inspired mineral, hydroxyapatite (HAp), to form composites. It was found that the composites exhibited greater flexural strength compared to 3D-printed PLA waste and had faster degradation in hydrolysis, home composting and acidic environments. Following the sclerotisation concept, the physicochemical properties of intact collagenous matrix of fish scale waste were enhanced to form a thin, plastic-like material. These thin films were comparable to low-density polyethylene (LDPE), with high transparency and shrinkage performance. Samples biodegraded after 8 weeks with no phytotoxicity and enhanced plant growth. Trials showed improved thermal stability and water resistance, yet the samples degraded with low total dissolved solids. Cyclo.Plas 2 serves as a preventative and practical disposal solution to promoting a circular economy through home composting.

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Collagenous matrix supported by a 3D-printed scaffold for osteogenic differentiation of dental pulp cells

Dental Materials ◽

10.1016/j.dental.2017.10.001 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 34 (2) ◽

pp. 209-220 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Farahnaz Fahimipour ◽

Erfan Dashtimoghadam ◽

Morteza Rasoulianboroujeni ◽

Mostafa Yazdimamaghani ◽

Kimia Khoshroo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Osteogenic Differentiation ◽

Dental Pulp ◽

Dental Pulp Cells ◽

Collagenous Matrix ◽

Pulp Cells ◽

3D Printed

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Alternative Materials Development Utilizing Advanced Nanotechnology

Handbook of Sustainable Engineering ◽

10.1007/978-1-4020-8939-8_109 ◽

2013 ◽

pp. 1189-1201

Author(s):

Shunichi Arisawa

Keyword(s):

Materials Development ◽

Alternative Materials

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Potensi Limbah Sisik Ikan Sebagai Kitosan dalam Pembuatan Bioplastik

JURNAL Al-AZHAR INDONESIA SERI SAINS DAN TEKNOLOGI ◽

10.36722/sst.v6i2.782 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 90

Author(s):

Ajeng Ayu Ramadhani ◽

Nirmala Fitria Firdhausi

Keyword(s):

Water Resistance ◽

Base Material ◽

Environmentally Friendly ◽

Fish Scale ◽

Fish Scales ◽

Fish Processing ◽

Natural Materials ◽

Brownish Yellow ◽

Chitin Content ◽

Bioplastic Film

Bioplastics are environmentally friendly plastics derived from natural materials. Bioplastics are easier to decompose when compared to commercial plastics. Bioplastics are generally made from starch contained in plants. But the use of starch as a base material has the disadvantage of producing bioplastics that are not waterproof. Therefore, it is necessary to add chitosan to improve bioplastic characteristics. Chitosan usually comes from the shell of crustacean animals, but it turns out that in fish scales waste, also contains chitosan. Fish scales are a by-product of the process of fish processing. Fish scales are only discarded and not utilized so that they become waste that can pollute the environment. Fish scales have a chitin content that can process into chitosan, which can be useful as an additional ingredient in the manufacture of bioplastics. This review aims to find out the potential of fish scales waste as chitosan in the manufacture of bioplastics. Based on the results of previous research, fish scales have a chitosan content that can use as an additional ingredient in the manufacture of bioplastics. Fish scale chitosan can form bioplastic film with characteristic brownish-yellow film. The addition of fish scale chitosan is also able to improve the water resistance of bioplastic film. Based on the results of the review can be concluded bring fish scales to have the potential as chitosan that can use in the manufacture of bioplastic.Keywords – Bioplastic, Chitosan, Fish Scales.

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Novel composite 3D-printed filament made from fish scale-derived hydroxyapatite, eggshell and polylactic acid via a fused fabrication approach

Additive Manufacturing ◽

10.1016/j.addma.2021.102169 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 102169

Author(s):

Chin-San Wu ◽

Shan-Shue Wang ◽

Dung-Yi Wu ◽

Wen-Ling Shih

Keyword(s):

Polylactic Acid ◽

Fish Scale ◽

3D Printed

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Scanning Electron Microscopy of Fish Scales as an Adjunctive Aid in Speciation

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100095236 ◽

1972 ◽

Vol 30 ◽

pp. 394-395

Author(s):

Edward D. DeLamater ◽

Walter R. Courtenay ◽

Cecil Whitaker

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽

Lateral Line ◽

Species Differences ◽

Fish Scale ◽

Fish Scales ◽

Anterior Border ◽

The University ◽

Multiple Holes ◽

Scanning Electron

Comparative scanning electron microscopy studies of fish scales of different orders, families, genera and species within genera have demonstrated differences which warrant elaboration. These differences in detail appear to be sufficient to act as “fingerprints”, at least, for family differences. To date, the lateral line scales have been primarily studied. These demonstrate differences in the lateral line canals; the pattern of ridging with or without secondary protuberances along the edges; the pattern of spines or their absence on the anterior border of the scales; the presence or absence of single or multiple holes on the ventral and dorsal sides of the lateral line canal covers. The distances between the ridges in the pattern appear likewise to be important.A statement of fish scale structure and a comparison of family and species differences will be presented.The authors wish to thank Dr. Donald Marzalek and Mr. Wallace Charm of the Marine and Atmospheric Laboratory of the University of Miami and Dr. Sheldon Moll and Dr. Richard Turnage of AMR for their exhaustive help in these preliminary studies.

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SEM analysis of fish scale cross sections: A technique study

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100124124 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 50 (1) ◽

pp. 744-745

Author(s):

M.E. Lee ◽

A. Moller ◽

P.S.O. Fouche ◽

I.G Gaigher

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽

Cross Sections ◽

Soft Tissues ◽

Close Association ◽

Sem Analysis ◽

Fish Scale ◽

Fish Scales ◽

Micro Structures ◽

Scanning Electron

Scanning electron microscopy of fish scales has facilitated the application of micro-structures to systematics. Electron microscopy studies have added more information on the structure of the scale and the associated cells, many problems still remain unsolved, because of our incomplete knowledge of the process of calcification. One of the main purposes of these studies has been to study the histology, histochemistry, and ultrastructure of both calcified and decalcified scales, and associated cells, and to obtain more information on the mechanism of calcification in the scales. The study of a calcified scale with the electron microscope is complicated by the difficulty in sectioning this material because of the close association of very hard tissue with very soft tissues. Sections often shatter and blemishes are difficult to avoid. Therefore the aim of this study is firstly to develop techniques for the preparation of cross sections of fish scales for scanning electron microscopy and secondly the application of these techniques for the determination of the structures and calcification of fish scales.

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