scholarly journals Interpreting Space-Based Trends in Carbon Monoxide

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah A. Strode ◽  
Helen M. Worden ◽  
Megan Damon ◽  
Anne R. Douglass ◽  
Bryan N. Duncan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Ozone ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Transport Model ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
Positive Anomaly ◽  
Eastern United States ◽  
Chemical Transport Model ◽  
Total Ozone Column ◽  
Ozone Column

Abstract. We use a series of chemical transport model and chemistry climate model simulations to investigate the observed negative trends in MOPITT CO over several regions of the world, and to examine the consistency of time-dependent emission inventories with observations. We find that simulations driven by the MACCity inventory, used for the Chemistry Climate Modeling Initiative (CCMI), reproduce the negative trends in the CO column observed by MOPITT for 2000–2010 over the eastern United States and Europe. However, the simulations have positive trends over eastern China, in contrast to the negative trends observed by MOPITT. The model bias in CO, after applying MOPITT averaging kernels, contributes to the model-observation discrepancy in the trend over eastern China. The total ozone column plays a role in determining the simulated tropospheric CO trends. A large positive anomaly in the simulated total ozone column in 2010 leads to a negative anomaly in OH and hence a positive anomaly in CO, contributing to the positive trend in simulated CO.

scholarly journals Interpreting space-based trends in carbon monoxide with multiple models

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 7285-7294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah A. Strode ◽  
Helen M. Worden ◽  
Megan Damon ◽  
Anne R. Douglass ◽  
Bryan N. Duncan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Ozone ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Transport Model ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
Positive Anomaly ◽  
Eastern United States ◽  
Chemical Transport Model ◽  
Total Ozone Column ◽  
Ozone Column

Abstract. We use a series of chemical transport model and chemistry climate model simulations to investigate the observed negative trends in MOPITT CO over several regions of the world, and to examine the consistency of time-dependent emission inventories with observations. We find that simulations driven by the MACCity inventory, used for the Chemistry Climate Modeling Initiative (CCMI), reproduce the negative trends in the CO column observed by MOPITT for 2000–2010 over the eastern United States and Europe. However, the simulations have positive trends over eastern China, in contrast to the negative trends observed by MOPITT. The model bias in CO, after applying MOPITT averaging kernels, contributes to the model–observation discrepancy in the trend over eastern China. This demonstrates that biases in a model's average concentrations can influence the interpretation of the temporal trend compared to satellite observations. The total ozone column plays a role in determining the simulated tropospheric CO trends. A large positive anomaly in the simulated total ozone column in 2010 leads to a negative anomaly in OH and hence a positive anomaly in CO, contributing to the positive trend in simulated CO. These results demonstrate that accurately simulating variability in the ozone column is important for simulating and interpreting trends in CO.

Temporal and Spatial Variability and Trend Investigation of Total Ozone Column over Iraq Employing Remote Sensing Data: 1979-2012

2015 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Ali M. Al-Salihi ◽  
Zehraa M. Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Spatial Variability ◽  
Total Ozone ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
Climate Change Research ◽  
Total Ozone Column ◽  
Temporal And Spatial Variability ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
Ozone Column

The objective of this paper is to analyze the temporal and spatial variability of the total ozone column (TOC) distributions and trends over Iraq, during the last 30 years (1979–2012) using remote sensing-derived TOC data. Due to shortage of ground-based TOC measurements. TOC data derived from the Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (TOMS) for the period 1979–2004 and Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) for the period 2005–2012 with spatial resolution (1o×1o) were used in present study. The spatial, long-term, monthly variations of TOC over Iraq were analysed. For the spatial variability, the latitudinal variability has a large range between (45 to 55) DU in winter and spring whereas during summer and autumn months ranged between (6 to 10) DU. Also represents an annual cycle with maximum in March and minimum in October. In contrast, the longitudinal variability is not significant. The long-term variability represented a notable decline for the period 1979–2012. The ozone negative trend was observed significantly during 1979–2004, for all months with trend ranged between (− 0.3 to 2) DU/year whereas the ozone positive trend was appear clearly during 2005–2007, for all months (0.1 to 2.3) DU/year ,except February and September which presented negative trends. The results can provide comprehensive descriptions of the TOC variations in Iraq and benefit climate change research in this region.

scholarly journals Ultraviolet Radiation modelling using output from the Chemistry Climate Model Initiative

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kévin Lamy ◽  
Thierry Portafaix ◽  
Béatrice Josse ◽  
Colette Brogniez ◽  
Sophie Godin-Beekmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southern Hemisphere ◽  
Aerosol Optical Depth ◽  
Optical Depth ◽  
Northern Hemisphere ◽  
Total Ozone ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Sudden Increase ◽  
Total Ozone Column ◽  
Rcp 8.5 ◽  
Ozone Column

Abstract. We have derived values of the Ultraviolet Index (UVI) at solar noon from the Tropospheric Ultraviolet Model (TUV) driven by ozone, temperature and aerosol fields from the first phase of the Chemistry-Climate Model Initiative (CCMI-1). Since clouds remain one of the largest uncertainties in climate projections, we simulated only clear-sky UVI. We compared the UVI climatologies obtained from CCMI and TUV against present-day climatological values of UVI derived from satellite data (the OMI-Aura OMUVBd product) and ground-based measurements (from the NDACC network). Depending on the region, relative differences between the UVI obtained from CCMI and TUV and ground-based measurements ranged between −4 % and 11 %. We calculated the UVI evolution throughout the 21st century for the four Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs 2.6, 4.5, 6.0 and 8.5). Compared to 1960s values, we found an average increase in UVI in 2100 (of 2–4 %) in the tropical belt (30° N–30° S). For the mid-latitudes, we observed a 1.8 to 3.4 % increase in the Southern Hemisphere for RCP 2.6, 4.5 and 6.0, and found a 2.3 % decrease in RCP 8.5. Higher UV indices are projected in the Northern Hemisphere except for RCP 8.5. At high latitudes, ozone recovery is well identified and induces a complete return of mean UVI levels to 1960 values for RCP 8.5 in the Southern Hemisphere. In the Northern Hemisphere, UVI levels in 2100 are higher by 0.5 to 5.5 % for RCP 2.6, 4.5 and 6.0 and they are lower by 7.9 % for RCP 8.5. We analysed the impacts of greenhouse gases (GHGs) and ozone-depleting substances (ODSs) on UVI from 1960 by comparing CCMI sensitivity simulations (1960–2100) with fixed GHGs or ODSs at their respective 1960 levels. As expected with ODS fixed at their 1960 levels, there is no large decrease in ozone levels and consequently no sudden increase in UVI levels. With fixed GHG, we observed a delayed return of ozone to 1960 values, the same signal is observed on UVI, and looking at the UVI difference between 2090s values and 1960s values, we found an 8 % increase in the tropical belt during the summer of each hemisphere. Finally, we show that, while in the Southern Hemisphere UVI is mainly driven by total ozone column, in the Northern Hemisphere both total ozone column and aerosol optical depth drive UVI levels, with aerosol optical depth having twice as much influence on UVI as total column does.

scholarly journals SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL VARIATION OF TOTAL AND TROPOSPHERIC OZONE COLUMNS OVER CHINA

2019 ◽  
Vol XLII-3/W9 ◽  
pp. 113-118
Author(s):  
X. Li ◽  
Y. J. Li ◽  
Q. M. Ma ◽  
J. Chen ◽  
F. Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Tropospheric Ozone ◽  
Total Ozone ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Tibet Plateau ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variation ◽  
Low Latitude ◽  
Total Ozone Column ◽  
Qinghai Tibet Plateau ◽  
Ozone Column

Abstract. In this study, total ozone columns collected from nine sites of the AErosol RObotic NETwork (AERONET) in China are used to evaluate total ozone column monthly mean products of the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI). The results show the correlated coefficient of the two datasets is 0.95. The long temporal variations and spatial distributions of the monthly mean products of the total ozone columns and tropospheric ozone columns in spring, summer, autumn and winter were plotted. The result shown in the pictures indicate that the total ozone columns gradually increase from low latitude to high latitude, reach the maximum value in winter and spring in Northeast China, and the values in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau are lower than those of other regions of the same latitude. The monthly mean of total ozone columns at low latitude have no obvious seasonal variation. With the increase of latitude, the seasonal variation of monthly mean products of total ozone column becomes more and more obvious. Tropospheric ozone columns are the highest in summer, followed by spring and autumn, and the lowest in winter, which are mainly concentrated in the more developed areas in eastern China. The lowest value of tropospheric ozone column in China occurs in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in winter and the highest value in North China in summer. The study indicates that the total ozone columns vary with latitude while tropospheric ozone columns are more susceptible to human activities and natural conditions.

scholarly journals Clear-sky ultraviolet radiation modelling using output from the Chemistry Climate Model Initiative

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (15) ◽  
pp. 10087-10110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kévin Lamy ◽  
Thierry Portafaix ◽  
Béatrice Josse ◽  
Colette Brogniez ◽  
Sophie Godin-Beekmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southern Hemisphere ◽  
Aerosol Optical Depth ◽  
Optical Depth ◽  
Northern Hemisphere ◽  
Total Ozone ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Total Ozone Column ◽  
Clear Sky ◽  
Rcp 8.5 ◽  
Ozone Column

Abstract. We have derived values of the ultraviolet index (UVI) at solar noon using the Tropospheric Ultraviolet Model (TUV) driven by ozone, temperature and aerosol fields from climate simulations of the first phase of the Chemistry-Climate Model Initiative (CCMI-1). Since clouds remain one of the largest uncertainties in climate projections, we simulated only the clear-sky UVI. We compared the modelled UVI climatologies against present-day climatological values of UVI derived from both satellite data (the OMI-Aura OMUVBd product) and ground-based measurements (from the NDACC network). Depending on the region, relative differences between the UVI obtained from CCMI/TUV calculations and the ground-based measurements ranged between −5.9 % and 10.6 %. We then calculated the UVI evolution throughout the 21st century for the four Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs 2.6, 4.5, 6.0 and 8.5). Compared to 1960s values, we found an average increase in the UVI in 2100 (of 2 %–4 %) in the tropical belt (30∘ N–30∘ S). For the mid-latitudes, we observed a 1.8 % to 3.4 % increase in the Southern Hemisphere for RCPs 2.6, 4.5 and 6.0 and found a 2.3 % decrease in RCP 8.5. Higher increases in UVI are projected in the Northern Hemisphere except for RCP 8.5. At high latitudes, ozone recovery is well identified and induces a complete return of mean UVI levels to 1960 values for RCP 8.5 in the Southern Hemisphere. In the Northern Hemisphere, UVI levels in 2100 are higher by 0.5 % to 5.5 % for RCPs 2.6, 4.5 and 6.0 and they are lower by 7.9 % for RCP 8.5. We analysed the impacts of greenhouse gases (GHGs) and ozone-depleting substances (ODSs) on UVI from 1960 by comparing CCMI sensitivity simulations (1960–2100) with fixed GHGs or ODSs at their respective 1960 levels. As expected with ODS fixed at their 1960 levels, there is no large decrease in ozone levels and consequently no sudden increase in UVI levels. With fixed GHG, we observed a delayed return of ozone to 1960 values, with a corresponding pattern of change observed on UVI, and looking at the UVI difference between 2090s values and 1960s values, we found an 8 % increase in the tropical belt during the summer of each hemisphere. Finally we show that, while in the Southern Hemisphere the UVI is mainly driven by total ozone column, in the Northern Hemisphere both total ozone column and aerosol optical depth drive UVI levels, with aerosol optical depth having twice as much influence on the UVI as total ozone column does.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Total Ozone Column from Multiple Satellite Measurements in the Antarctic Using the Brewer Spectrophotometer

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1594
Author(s):  
Songkang Kim ◽  
Sang-Jong Park ◽  
Hana Lee ◽  
Dha Hyun Ahn ◽  
Yeonjin Jung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Satellite Data ◽  
Total Ozone ◽  
Spatiotemporal Pattern ◽  
Satellite Measurements ◽  
Austral Spring ◽  
Total Ozone Column ◽  
Brewer Spectrophotometer ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
Ozone Column

The ground-based ozone observation instrument, Brewer spectrophotometer (Brewer), was used to evaluate the quality of the total ozone column (TOC) produced by multiple polar-orbit satellite measurements at three stations in Antarctica (King Sejong, Jang Bogo, and Zhongshan stations). While all satellite TOCs showed high correlations with Brewer TOCs (R = ~0.8 to 0.9), there are some TOC differences among satellite data in austral spring, which is mainly attributed to the bias of Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) TOC. The quality of satellite TOCs is consistent between Level 2 and 3 data, implying that “which satellite TOC is used” can induce larger uncertainty than “which spatial resolution is used” for the investigation of the Antarctic TOC pattern. Additionally, the quality of satellite TOC is regionally different (e.g., OMI TOC is a little higher at the King Sejong station, but lower at the Zhongshan station than the Brewer TOC). Thus, it seems necessary to consider the difference of multiple satellite data for better assessing the spatiotemporal pattern of Antarctic TOC.

Validation of gome total ozone column with the assimilation model KNMI

1998 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. 1501-1504
Author(s):  
A.J.M Piters ◽  
P.F Levelt ◽  
M.A.F Allaart ◽  
H.M Kelder
Keyword(s):  
Total Ozone ◽  
Total Ozone Column ◽  
Ozone Column ◽  
Assimilation Model

scholarly journals Sunset–sunrise difference in solar occultation ozone measurements (SAGE II, HALOE, and ACE–FTS) and its relationship to tidal vertical winds

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 829-843 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Sakazaki ◽  
M. Shiotani ◽  
M. Suzuki ◽  
D. Kinnison ◽  
J. M. Zawodny ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Chemistry ◽  
Seasonal Variations ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Transport Model ◽  
Stratospheric Aerosol ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Chemical Transport Model ◽  
Latitude Range ◽  
Solar Occultation ◽  
Vertical Winds

Abstract. This paper contains a comprehensive investigation of the sunset–sunrise difference (SSD, i.e., the sunset-minus-sunrise value) of the ozone mixing ratio in the latitude range of 10° S–10° N. SSD values were determined from solar occultation measurements based on data obtained from the Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment (SAGE) II, the Halogen Occultation Experiment (HALOE), and the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment–Fourier transform spectrometer (ACE–FTS). The SSD was negative at altitudes of 20–30 km (−0.1 ppmv at 25 km) and positive at 30–50 km (+0.2 ppmv at 40–45 km) for HALOE and ACE–FTS data. SAGE II data also showed a qualitatively similar result, although the SSD in the upper stratosphere was 2 times larger than those derived from the other data sets. On the basis of an analysis of data from the Superconducting Submillimeter-Wave Limb-Emission Sounder (SMILES) and a nudged chemical transport model (the specified dynamics version of the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model: SD–WACCM), we conclude that the SSD can be explained by diurnal variations in the ozone concentration, particularly those caused by vertical transport by the atmospheric tidal winds. All data sets showed significant seasonal variations in the SSD; the SSD in the upper stratosphere is greatest from December through February, while that in the lower stratosphere reaches a maximum twice: during the periods March–April and September–October. Based on an analysis of SD–WACCM results, we found that these seasonal variations follow those associated with the tidal vertical winds.

scholarly journals Estimating ground-level PM<sub>2.5</sub> in Eastern China using aerosol optical depth determined from the GOCI Satellite Instrument

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 17251-17281 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Xu ◽  
R. V. Martin ◽  
A. van Donkelaar ◽  
J. Kim ◽  
M. Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Aerosol Optical Depth ◽  
Optical Depth ◽  
Transport Model ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
East China ◽  
Chemical Transport Model ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Significant Agreement

Abstract. We determine and interpret fine particulate matter (PM2.5) concentrations in East China for January to December 2013 at a horizontal resolution of 6 km from aerosol optical depth (AOD) retrieved from the Korean Geostationary Ocean Color Imager (GOCI) satellite instrument. We implement a set of filters to minimize cloud contamination in GOCI AOD. Evaluation of filtered GOCI AOD with AOD from the Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) indicates significant agreement with mean fractional bias (MFB) in Beijing of 6.7 % and northern Taiwan of −1.2 %. We use a global chemical transport model (GEOS-Chem) to relate the total column AOD to the near-surface PM2.5. The simulated PM2.5/AOD ratio exhibits high consistency with ground-based measurements (MFB = −0.52–8.0 %). We evaluate the satellite-derived PM2.5 vs. the ground-level PM2.5 in 2013 measured by the China Environmental Monitoring Center. Significant agreement is found between GOCI-derived PM2.5 and in-situ observations in both annual averages (r = 0.81, N = 494) and monthly averages (MFB = 13.1 %), indicating GOCI provides valuable data for air quality studies in Northeast Asia. The GEOS-Chem simulated chemical speciation of GOCI-derived PM2.5 reveals that secondary inorganics (SO42−, NO3−, NH4+) and organic matter are the most significant components. Biofuel emissions in northern China for heating are responsible for an increase in the concentration of organic matter in winter. The population-weighted GOCI-derived PM2.5 over East China for 2013 is 53.8 μg m−3, threatening the health and life expectancy of its 600 million residents.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document