A versatile and reproducible automatic injection system for liquid standard introduction: application to in-situ calibration

Abstract. The quantitation of trace organic compounds in ambient organic aerosol is difficult due to the chemical complexity of these mixtures, but is needed to provide insight into their sources and formation processes. Compound-level characterization of organic aerosols is typically performed through sample collection followed by gas or liquid chromatography. With these methods, introduction of liquid standards has long been used as an effective means of quantifying trace compounds, but automating this technique for use with in-situ instrumentation has not previously been achieved. Here we develop an automatic injection system (AutoInject) for the introduction of liquids into a custom collection and analysis cell for improved quantitation in chromatographic measurements. The system consists of chilled reservoirs containing liquid standards from which a sample loop is loaded and then injected into the cell. The AutoInject is shown to be reproducible over 106 injections with a relative standard deviation of 1.5%, and have negligible injection-to-injection carryover. A 6-port selector allows injection of different liquid standards separately or simultaneously. Additionally, automatic injection of multiple sample loops is shown to generate a linear multi-point calibration curve. Tests conducted in this work focus on use with the Thermal desorption Aerosol Gas chromatograph (TAG), but the flexibility of the system allows it to be used for a variety of applications.

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A versatile and reproducible automatic injection system for liquid standard introduction: application to in-situ calibration

Atmospheric Measurement Techniques Discussions ◽

10.5194/amtd-4-3233-2011 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 3233-3249

Author(s):

G. Isaacman ◽

N. M. Kreisberg ◽

D. R. Worton ◽

S. V. Hering ◽

A. H. Goldstein

Keyword(s):

Effective Means ◽

Injection System ◽

Sample Collection ◽

Chemical Complexity ◽

Liquid Standard ◽

In Situ Calibration ◽

Relative Standard ◽

Multiple Sample ◽

Trace Compounds

Abstract. The quantitation of trace organic compounds in ambient organic aerosol is difficult due to the chemical complexity of these mixtures, but is needed to provide insight into their sources and formation processes. Compound-level characterization of organic aerosols is typically performed through sample collection followed by gas or liquid chromatography. With these methods, introduction of liquid standards has long been used as an effective means of quantifying trace compounds, but automating this technique for use with in-situ instrumentation has not previously been achieved. Here we develop an automatic injection system (AutoInject) for the introduction of liquids into a custom collection and analysis cell for improved quantitation in chromatographic measurements. The system consists of chilled reservoirs containing liquid standards from which a sample loop is loaded and then injected into the cell. The AutoInject is shown to have reproducibility over 106 injections with a relative standard deviation of 1.5 %, and have negligible injection-to-injection carryover. A 6-port selector allows injection of different liquid standards separately or simultaneously. Additionally, automatic injection of multiple sample loops is shown to generate a linear multi-point calibration curve. Tests conducted in this work focus on use with the Thermal desorption Aerosol Gas chromatograph (TAG), but the flexibility of the system allows it to be used for a variety of applications.

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Turbidity sensor response to seasonal and spatial variability of suspended particle composition in open clear waters –(Portuguese continental shelf)

10.5194/egusphere-egu21-7610 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Anabela Oliveira ◽

Ana Isabel Santos ◽

Rita Santos ◽

Nuno Zacarias

Keyword(s):

Continental Shelf ◽

Suspended Particle ◽

Gravimetric Method ◽

Suspended Sediments ◽

Sample Collection ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Concentration Data ◽

In Situ Calibration ◽

Signal Sensitivity

As part of AQUIMAR project (MAR2020 n&#186; MAR-02.01.01-FEAMP-017 &#8211; AQUIMAR &#8211; Carateriza&#231;&#227;o geral das &#225;reas aqu&#237;colas para estabelecimento de culturas marinhas), intensive CTD surveys and turbidity/concentration data were collected in four cruises along the Portuguese continental shelf (30-200m depth), in 5 aquaculture areas from 2018 to 2020. In-situ calibration of the turbidity sensor (Seapoint Turbidity Meter) was done using the traditional gravimetric method of suspended sediments concentration (SSC) determination with water sampling and filtering. The obtained FTU/SSC relations resulted in correlations in the order of R2=70-80% for all considered surveys.Measured turbidity and concentration values, were generally very low (<2 FTU and <2 mg/l) for all measuring periods, however variations of the FTU/SSC sensitivity between the different areas indicate that significant variations of suspended matter composition exist throughout the Portuguese continental shelf.This study aims to understand the seasonal and spatial variations of the turbidity signal sensitivity to SSC. To this end, a closer look will be given to samples collected during two contrasting seasonal periods (spring and late autumn 2019), as well as to the general water column structure at the time of the sample collection. Additionally, results from X-Ray diffraction analysis performed in some of the filtered samples will be used to better understand the variations of the suspended sediment composition in open clear waters. The mineralogical signal shows a dominance of clay minerals in suspension (mean 83%) and calcite (mean 10%), reflecting the detritic and organic fraction of SSC, respectively.

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Unsupervised optimization approach to in situ calibration of collaborative human-robot interaction tools

2020 IEEE International Conference on Multisensor Fusion and Integration for Intelligent Systems (MFI) ◽

10.1109/mfi49285.2020.9235229 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Bruno Maric ◽

Marsela Polic ◽

Tomislav Tabak ◽

Matko Orsag

Keyword(s):

Human Robot Interaction ◽

Optimization Approach ◽

Robot Interaction ◽

In Situ Calibration

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Lawsonia intracellularis infected enterocytes lack sucrase-isomaltase which contributes to reduced pig digestive capacity

Veterinary Research ◽

10.1186/s13567-021-00958-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 52 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Emma T. Helm ◽

Eric R. Burrough ◽

Fernando L. Leite ◽

Nicholas K. Gabler

Keyword(s):

Dry Matter ◽

Post Inoculation ◽

Intestinal Function ◽

Lawsonia Intracellularis ◽

Sample Collection ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

Swine Herds ◽

The Impact ◽

Lesion Severity

AbstractLawsonia intracellularis is endemic to swine herds worldwide, however much is still unknown regarding its impact on intestinal function. Thus, this study aimed to characterize the impact of L. intracellularis on digestive function, and how vaccination mitigates these impacts. Thirty-six L. intracellularis negative barrows were assigned to treatment groups (n = 12/trt): (1) nonvaccinated, L. intracellularis negative (NC); (2) nonvaccinated, L intracellularis challenged (PC); and (3) L. intracellularis challenged, vaccinated (Enterisol® Ileitis, Boehringer Ingelheim) 7 weeks pre-challenge (VAC). On days post-inoculation (dpi) 0 PC and VAC pigs were inoculated with L. intracellularis. From dpi 19–21 fecal samples were collected for apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) and at dpi 21, pigs were euthanized for sample collection. Post-inoculation, ADG was reduced in PC pigs compared with NC (41%, P < 0.001) and VAC (25%, P < 0.001) pigs. Ileal gross lesion severity was greater in PC pigs compared with NC (P = 0.003) and VAC (P = 0.018) pigs. Dry matter, organic matter, nitrogen, and energy ATTD were reduced in PC pigs compared with NC pigs (P ≤ 0.001 for all). RNAscope in situ hybridization revealed abolition of sucrase-isomaltase transcript in the ileum of PC pigs compared with NC and VAC pigs (P < 0.01). Conversely, abundance of stem cell signaling markers Wnt3, Hes1, and p27Kip1 were increased in PC pigs compared with NC pigs (P ≤ 0.085). Taken together, these data demonstrate that reduced digestibility during L. intracellularis challenge is partially driven by abolition of digestive machinery in lesioned tissue. Further, vaccination mitigated several of these effects, likely from lower bacterial burden and reduced disease severity.

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Performance of the SoLid reactor neutrino detector

EPJ Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/epjconf/201921908003 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 219 ◽

pp. 08003

Author(s):

Maja Verstraeten

Keyword(s):

Quality Control ◽

Energy Resolution ◽

Neutrino Detector ◽

Channel Response ◽

In Situ Calibration ◽

Reactor Neutrino ◽

Li Isotope ◽

Better Than

The SoLid Collaboration is currently operating a 1.6 ton neutrino detector near the Belgian BR2 reactor. Its main goal is the observation of the oscillation of electron antineutrinos to previously undetected flavour states. The highly segmented SoLid detector employs a compound scintillation technology based on PVT scintillator in combination with LiF-ZnS(Ag) screens containing the 6Li isotope. The experiment has demonstrated a channel-to-channel response that can be controlled to the level of a few percent, an energy resolution of better than 14% at 1 MeV, and a determination of the interaction vertex with a precision of 5 cm. This contribution highlights the major outcomes of the R&D program, the quality control during component manufacture and integration, the current performance and stability of the full-scale system, as well as the in-situ calibration of the detector with various radioactive sources.

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