The Use of Ultrasonic Imaging Technology in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Functional Dyspepsia

Objective: Through the research on the application of ultrasound image technology in the diagnosis and treatment of functional dyspepsia, the value of ultrasound image technology in the treatment of functional dyspepsia is discussed, which verifies the effectiveness and superiority of ultrasound image technology in the diagnosis and treatment of functional dyspepsia. Methods: In this experiment, functional dyspepsia patients who are treated in the Department of Gastroenterology of a comprehensive third grade a hospital and healthy volunteers are taken as the research objects. Among them, healthy adults are in group A, i. e., control group. There is no obvious digestive tract disease within 2 years. Patients with functional dyspepsia are in group B. After that, the liquid standard nutrition meal is prepared. Both groups need to carry out liquid application meal load test according to the steps. Then, the initial and maximum satiety intake of each group is recorded, and ultrasound imaging technology is used to locate the distal and proximal gastric sections of the two groups. Then, the area of the distal and proximal stomach is recorded at the time of initial satiety, the time of maximum satiety and the time after drinking. After that, according to the area, volume and other relevant data are calculated, the data are input into the database, and SPSS22.0 is used to analyze the data. Results: The time of proximal gastric semi emptying is compared between group B and group A. It is found that the time of proximal gastric semi emptying is longer in group B. In addition, it is found that the time of distal gastric semi emptying in group B is longer than that in group A. There is significant difference in the time of proximal gastric semi emptying and distal gastric semi emptying between the two groups (P < 0.05). In group B, when the initial satiety of liquid standard diet is achieved, the intake is significantly less than that of healthy adults. It is found that the proximal gastric volume of group B is smaller than that of the control group. The intake and proximal gastric volume of the two groups are statistically significant (P < 0.05). There are significant differences between the two groups in the maximum satiety, 30 minutes after meal and 60 minutes after meal (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Ultrasonic imaging technology can monitor the patients' stomach volume and the maximum and minimum intake in real time. Through monitoring, the sensitivity of patients' stomach and some functional abnormalities can be known in time, which is of great significance for the treatment and diagnosis of functional dyspepsia.

SAMPLE PREPARATION FOR PIXE ANALYSIS OF FATTY FOOD

As a part of research project for food risk assesment in Asian countries, we have collected a variety of samples including dairy products from Mongolia for PIXE analysis. However, some kinds of milk products or fats such as butter, margarine, mayonnaise and cream are often hard to be homogenized with internal standards because of their viscosity and oiliness, which makes their sample preparation a tiresome work. We have tried to develop efficient preparation and measurement methods for in-air PIXE analysis of those samples. For butter and margarine, liquid internal standard method was taken after melting them with water bath. Pasty samples like mayonnaise and cream were mixed with liquid standard in agate mortar. The applicability of these methods was examined by checking homogeneity of so prepared samples on the basis of Ca concentration. Along with the internal standard methods, a standard-free method has also been worked out for those fatty samples. The obtained results have been fairly satisfactory and we have applied the methods to the Mongolian dairy samples.

A versatile and reproducible automatic injection system for liquid standard introduction: application to in-situ calibration

The quantitation of trace organic compounds in ambient organic aerosol is difficult due to the chemical complexity of these mixtures, but is needed to provide insight into their sources and formation processes. Compound-level characterization of organic aerosols is typically performed through sample collection followed by gas or liquid chromatography. With these methods, introduction of liquid standards has long been used as an effective means of quantifying trace compounds, but automating this technique for use with in-situ instrumentation has not previously been achieved. Here we develop an automatic injection system (AutoInject) for the introduction of liquids into a custom collection and analysis cell for improved quantitation in chromatographic measurements. The system consists of chilled reservoirs containing liquid standards from which a sample loop is loaded and then injected into the cell. The AutoInject is shown to be reproducible over 106 injections with a relative standard deviation of 1.5%, and have negligible injection-to-injection carryover. A 6-port selector allows injection of different liquid standards separately or simultaneously. Additionally, automatic injection of multiple sample loops is shown to generate a linear multi-point calibration curve. Tests conducted in this work focus on use with the Thermal desorption Aerosol Gas chromatograph (TAG), but the flexibility of the system allows it to be used for a variety of applications.

A versatile and reproducible automatic injection system for liquid standard introduction: application to in-situ calibration

The quantitation of trace organic compounds in ambient organic aerosol is difficult due to the chemical complexity of these mixtures, but is needed to provide insight into their sources and formation processes. Compound-level characterization of organic aerosols is typically performed through sample collection followed by gas or liquid chromatography. With these methods, introduction of liquid standards has long been used as an effective means of quantifying trace compounds, but automating this technique for use with in-situ instrumentation has not previously been achieved. Here we develop an automatic injection system (AutoInject) for the introduction of liquids into a custom collection and analysis cell for improved quantitation in chromatographic measurements. The system consists of chilled reservoirs containing liquid standards from which a sample loop is loaded and then injected into the cell. The AutoInject is shown to have reproducibility over 106 injections with a relative standard deviation of 1.5 %, and have negligible injection-to-injection carryover. A 6-port selector allows injection of different liquid standards separately or simultaneously. Additionally, automatic injection of multiple sample loops is shown to generate a linear multi-point calibration curve. Tests conducted in this work focus on use with the Thermal desorption Aerosol Gas chromatograph (TAG), but the flexibility of the system allows it to be used for a variety of applications.

Heats of vaporization and gaseous molar heat capacities of ethanol and the binary mixture of ethanol and benzene

A combined system of the Newsham vaporization calorimeter and the Pitzer gaseous heat capacity flow calorimeter were reconstructed with modifications. Both calorimeters were calibrated with benzene, the liquid standard, and were found to be acceptable for measurements, with deviations of 0.4% and 0.9%, respectively. Heats of vaporization of pure ethanol under five pressures and binary mixtures of ethanol and benzene under normal pressure were determined. Gaseous molar heat capacities of pure ethanol under three pressures and of binary mixture of ethanol and benzene at two temperatures were also determined, with anomalies due to association noted. Association of ethanol molecules in the vapor phase was discussed and analyzed, with heats of association and entropy change of association calculated.