scholarly journals Sensitivity of sea-level forecasting to the horizontal resolution and sea surface forcing for different configurations of an oceanographic model of the Adriatic Sea

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 77-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lidia Bressan ◽  
Andrea Valentini ◽  
Tiziana Paccagnella ◽  
Andrea Montani ◽  
Chiara Marsigli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Adriatic Sea ◽  
Horizontal Resolution ◽  
Meteorological Forcing ◽  
Roms Model ◽  
Operational Forecasting ◽  
Climate Service ◽  
Model Set ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Oceanographic Model

Abstract. At the Hydro-meteo-climate service of the Regional environmental agency of Emilia-Romagna, Italy (Arpae-SIMC), the oceanographic numerical model AdriaROMS is used in the operational forecasting suite to compute sea level, temperature, salinity and 3-D current fields of the Adriatic Sea (northern Mediterranean Sea). In order to evaluate the performance of the sea-level forecast and to study different configurations of the ROMS model, two marine storms occurred on the Emilia Romagna coast during the winter 2015–2016 are investigated. The main focus of this study is to analyse the sensitivity of the model to the horizontal resolution and to the meteorological forcing. To this end, the model is run with two different configurations and with two horizontal grids at 1 and 2 km resolution. To study the influence of the meteorological forcing, the two storms have been reproduced by running ROMS in ensemble mode, forced by the 16-members of the meteorological ensemble COSMO-LEPS system. Possible optimizations of the model set-up are deduced by the comparison of the different run outputs.

scholarly journals A hybrid GCM paleo ice-sheet model, ANICE2.1 – [email protected]: set up and benchmark experiments

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Constantijn J. Berends ◽  
Bas de Boer ◽  
Roderik S. W. van de Wal
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
General Circulation ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Ice Sheets ◽  
Ice Sheet ◽  
Circulation Model ◽  
Climate Modelling ◽  
Last Glacial ◽  
Model Set ◽  
Set Up

Abstract. Fully coupled ice-sheet-climate modelling over 10,000–100,000-year time scales on high spatial and temporal resolution remains beyond the capability of current computational systems. Hybrid GCM-ice-sheet modelling offers a middle ground, balancing the need to accurately capture both long-term processes, in particular circulation driven changes in precipitation, and processes requiring a high spatial resolution like ablation. Here, we present and evaluate a model set-up that forces the ANICE 3D thermodynamic ice-sheet-shelf model calculating all ice on Earth, with pre-calculated output from several steady-state simulations with the HadCM3 general circulation model (GCM), using a so-called matrix method of coupling both components, where simulations with various levels of pCO2 and ice-sheet configuration are combined to form a time-continuous transient climate forcing consistent with the modelled ice-sheets. We address the difficulties in downscaling low-resolution GCM output to the higher-resolution grid of an ice-sheet model, and account for differences between GCM and ice-sheet model surface topography ranging from interglacial to glacial conditions. As a benchmark experiment to assess the validity of this model set-up, we perform a simulation of the entire last glacial cycle, from 120 kyr ago to present-day. The simulated eustatic sea-level drop at the Last Glacial maximum (LGM) for the combined Antarctic, Greenland, Eurasian and North-American ice-sheets amounts to 100 m, in line with many other studies. The simulated ice-sheets at LGM agree well with the ICE-5G reconstruction and the more recent DATED-1 reconstruction in terms of total volume and geographical location of the ice sheets. Moreover, modelled benthic oxygen isotope abundance and the relative contributions from global ice volume and deep-water temperature agree well with available data, as do surface temperature histories for the Greenland and Antarctic ice-sheets. This model strategy can be used to create time-continuous ice-sheet distribution and sea-level reconstructions for geological periods up to several millions of years in duration, capturing climate model driven variations in the mass balance of the ice sheet.

scholarly journals Coastal sea responses to atmospheric forcings at two different resolutions

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 801-828 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. B. Klaić ◽  
Z. Pasarić ◽  
G. Beg Paklar ◽  
P. Oddo
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Area ◽  
Adriatic Sea ◽  
Horizontal Resolution ◽  
Ocean Model ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Strong Wind ◽  
Surface Salinity ◽  
Medium Range Weather Forecast ◽  
Coastal Sea ◽  
Oceanographic Model

Abstract. We investigated coastal sea responses to three, multi-day strong wind episodes that occurred in the middle Adriatic during the Target Operational Period (TOP) of the European COastal sea OPerational observing and forecasting system (ECOOP) project. A high-resolution oceanographic model (1 km horizontal, 16 σ vertical layers) based on the modified Princeton Ocean Model (POM) was applied to a highly complex domain located in the coastal area of the eastern Adriatic Sea. The oceanographic model was nested into the Adriatic REGional model (AREG-2) covering the entire Adriatic Sea. Meteorological forcing was prepared by two atmospheric models. The coarser model was the European Centre for Medium-range Weather Forecast model (ECMWF, with horizontal and temporal resolutions of 0.25° and 6 h, respectively), and the finer one was the Aire Limitée Adaptation dynamique Développement InterNational model (ALADIN, with horizontal and temporal resolutions of 8 km and 3 h, respectively, and winds dynamically adapted to a horizontal resolution of 2 km). The results show that small-scale atmospheric features, which arise due to the orographically complex mainland and the number of islands and were not reproduced by the coarser atmospheric model, substantially affected surface currents, mass transports, sea surface temperature (SST) and surface salinity in the coastal area during strong Bora. For strong Sirocco, the atmospheric model's resolution was important for currents on the lee sides of islands.

Modelling calving at Kronebreen, Svalbard using Elmer/Ice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felicity Holmes ◽  
Eef van Dongen ◽  
Nina Kirchner
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Satellite Imagery ◽  
Model Output ◽  
Tidewater Glaciers ◽  
Glacier Dynamics ◽  
Model Set ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Best Fit

<p>Understanding how tidewater glaciers are responding to climatic and oceanographic changes is vital in order to reduce uncertainty in sea level rise estimates. In this project, we are using the 3D calving model in Elmer/Ice to simulate how Kronebreen responds over short time scales to various forcing scenarios. Specifically, a variety of frontal melt scenarios are being implemented to understand how calving and glacier dynamics respond to changing inputs. Both the magnitude and spatial distribution of frontal melt will be varied, with these scenarios being informed by a dataset of glacier proximal water temperatures (spanning Aug 2016 –  Aug 2017) as well as by plume locations as identified from satellite imagery.  The model output will be compared to observational data (frontal position, velocities) collected for the period 2016 – 2017 with the aim of running longer simulations using a ’best fit’ model set up. Details of the experimental set up, as well as some preliminary results, are presented here. </p>

scholarly journals Coastal sea responses to atmospheric forcings at two different resolutions

Ocean Science ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 521-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. B. Klaić ◽  
Z. Pasarić ◽  
G. Beg Paklar ◽  
P. Oddo
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Area ◽  
Adriatic Sea ◽  
Horizontal Resolution ◽  
Ocean Model ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Strong Wind ◽  
Surface Salinity ◽  
Medium Range Weather Forecast ◽  
Coastal Sea ◽  
Oceanographic Model

Abstract. We investigated coastal sea responses to three, multi-day strong wind episodes that occurred in the middle Adriatic during the Target Operational Period (TOP) of the European COastal sea OPerational observing and forecasting system (ECOOP) project. A high-resolution oceanographic model (1 km horizontal, 16 σ vertical layers) based on the modified Princeton Ocean Model (POM) was applied to a highly complex domain located in the coastal area of the eastern Adriatic Sea. The oceanographic model was nested into the Adriatic REGional model (AREG-2) covering the entire Adriatic Sea. Meteorological forcing was prepared by two atmospheric models. The coarser model was the European Centre for Medium-range Weather Forecast model (ECMWF, with horizontal and temporal resolutions of 0.25° and 6 h, respectively), and the finer one was the Aire Limitée Adaptation dynamique Développement InterNational model (ALADIN, with horizontal and temporal resolutions of 8 km and 3 h, respectively, and winds dynamically adapted to a horizontal resolution of 2 km). The results show that small-scale atmospheric features, which arise due to the orographically complex mainland and the number of islands and were not reproduced by the coarser atmospheric model, substantially affected surface currents, mass transports, sea surface temperature (SST) and surface salinity in the coastal area during strong Bora. For strong Sirocco, the atmospheric model's resolution was important for currents on the lee sides of islands.

scholarly journals Application of [email protected] simulations of paleoclimate as forcing for an ice-sheet model, ANICE2.1: set-up and benchmark experiments

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 4657-4675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Constantijn J. Berends ◽  
Bas de Boer ◽  
Roderik S. W. van de Wal
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
General Circulation ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Ice Sheets ◽  
Ice Sheet ◽  
Circulation Model ◽  
Climate Modelling ◽  
Last Glacial ◽  
Model Set ◽  
Set Up

Abstract. Fully coupled ice-sheet–climate modelling over 10 000–100 000-year timescales at high spatial and temporal resolution remains beyond the capability of current computational systems. Forcing an ice-sheet model with precalculated output from a general circulation model (GCM) offers a middle ground, balancing the need to accurately capture both long-term processes, in particular circulation-driven changes in precipitation, and processes requiring a high spatial resolution like ablation. Here, we present and evaluate a model set-up that forces the ANICE 3-D thermodynamic ice-sheet–shelf model calculating the four large continental ice sheets (Antarctica, Greenland, North America, and Eurasia) with precalculated output from two steady-state simulations with the HadCM3 (GCM) using a so-called matrix method of coupling both components, whereby simulations with various levels of pCO2 and ice-sheet configuration are combined to form a time-continuous transient climate forcing consistent with the modelled ice sheets. We address the difficulties in downscaling low-resolution GCM output to the higher-resolution grid of an ice-sheet model and account for differences between GCM and ice-sheet model surface topography ranging from interglacial to glacial conditions. Although the approach presented here can be applied to a matrix with any number of GCM snapshots, we limited our experiments to a matrix of only two snapshots. As a benchmark experiment to assess the validity of this model set-up, we perform a simulation of the entire last glacial cycle from 120 kyr ago to present day. The simulated eustatic sea-level drop at the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) for the combined Antarctic, Greenland, Eurasian, and North American ice sheets amounts to 100 m, in line with many other studies. The simulated ice sheets at the LGM agree well with the ICE-5G reconstruction and the more recent DATED-1 reconstruction in terms of total volume and geographical location of the ice sheets. Moreover, modelled benthic oxygen isotope abundance and the relative contributions from global ice volume and deep-water temperature agree well with available data, as do surface temperature histories for the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets. This model strategy can be used to create time-continuous ice-sheet distribution and sea-level reconstructions for geological periods up to several million years in duration, capturing climate-model-driven variations in the mass balance of the ice sheet.

scholarly journals Intercomparisons of some dust models over West Asia

2019 ◽  
Vol 99 ◽  
pp. 01012
Author(s):  
Amirhossein Nikfal ◽  
Abbas Ranjbar Saadatabadi ◽  
Mehdi Rahnama ◽  
Sahar Tajbakhsh ◽  
Mohammad Moradi
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Horizontal Resolution ◽  
Soil Erodibility ◽  
The West ◽  
Dust Sources ◽  
Model Set ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Dust Modeling ◽  
Dust Surface

Evaluation and assessment of dust model results is of primary importance to get a better understanding of the models' performance, and therefore, enhancing the models' set up and structure. Besides some SDS-WAS dust models, two other high resolution WRF-Chem runs have been carried out for two dust episodes over the West Asia with alterations in the soil erodibility fields as one of the primary criteria of dust sources. The main aim of this article was to investigate the high resolution WRF-Chem modeling with the default and altered soil erosion, against the WMO SDS-WAS models. In this paper we investigated the application of WRF-Chem dust modeling for the region of interest (Iran), which cannot be seen entirely by the SDS-WAS models' domains. Comparisons of modelled dust surface concentrations with ground based measurements on 8 air quality stations show that the high resolution WRF-Chem could more or less lead to better predictions. For some cases, the results of the high resolution WRF-Chem unexpectedly presented a declined performance, which indicate that the improvements in the horizontal resolution and soil erodibility could not always lead to improved dust predictions, and more factors such as the model set-up and structure should be considered.

Environmental model studies for the Istanbul master plan. Part I: hydrodynamical design basis and marine disposal of wastewater

1995 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. S. Hansen ◽  
H. J. Vested ◽  
M. A. Latif
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Layer Structure ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Marmara Sea ◽  
Junction Area ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Model Studies ◽  
Model Set ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Set Up

A modelling study of the hydrodynamics and spreading of wastewater from existing and future outfalls in the Bosphorus region has been conducted applying a 3-Dimensional model. The modelling is based on SYSTEM 3, which is a general modelling system for baroclinic flow simulating unsteady currents, waterlevels, salinity and temperature within the model area. The model set-up covers the Black Sea-Bosphorus-Marmara Sea junction area. The set-up is calibrated by data from a dedicated field program and previous field experience. The model is designed to describe the characteristic features of the flow in the junction area such as the effects of variations in waterlevel differences between the Sea of Marmara and the Black Sea on the important two-layer structure in the strait and the flow fields generated by the upper layer jet in the Bosphorus-Marmara junction. This model has been applied for evaluation of disposal of wastewater and for the subsequent water quality studies. The general use of a baroclinic 3-D hydrodynamic model to simulate disposal of wastewater is discussed. Examples of the application of the model of the junction area to evaluate the different strategies for disposal of wastewater are presented.

REGIONAL RESPONSE OF MARINE BIODIVERSITY TO CLIMATE-DRIVEN SEA-LEVEL CHANGES: AN EXAMPLE FROM THE ADRIATIC SEA

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michal Kowalewski ◽  
◽  
Kristopher M. Kusnerik ◽  
Daniele Scarponi ◽  
Fabio Trincardi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Adriatic Sea ◽  
Marine Biodiversity ◽  
Sea Level Changes

Modelling of impregnation of γ-alumina with cobalt and molybdenum salts. CoCl2-(NH4)2MoO4-γ-Al2O3 (aluminate type) system

1987 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 663-671 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiří Hanika ◽  
Vladimír Janoušek ◽  
Karel Sporka
Keyword(s):  
Effective Diffusion ◽  
Type System ◽  
Catalyst Particle ◽  
Ammonium Molybdate ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Model Set ◽  
Cobalt Dichloride ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Electron Microanalysis ◽  
Kinetics Of

Adsorption data for the impregnation of alumina with an aqueous solution of cobalt dichloride and ammonium molybdate were treated in terms of the Langmuir adsorption isotherm and compared with a mathematical model set up to describe the kinetics of simultaneous impregnation of a support by two components. The effective diffusion coefficients of the two components at 25 °C in a cylindrical particle of alumina were obtained. The validity of the model used was verified qualitatively by comparing the numerical results with the experimental time dependent concentration profiles of the active components in a catalyst particle, measured by electron microanalysis technique.

scholarly journals Using CFD to Evaluate Natural Ventilation through a 3D Parametric Modeling Approach

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 2197
Author(s):  
Nayara Rodrigues Marques Sakiyama ◽  
Jurgen Frick ◽  
Timea Bejat ◽  
Harald Garrecht
Keyword(s):  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Parametric Modeling ◽  
Cfd Simulations ◽  
3D Design ◽  
Post Process ◽  
Test House ◽  
Model Set ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Cfd ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Passive Strategy

Predicting building air change rates is a challenge for designers seeking to deal with natural ventilation, a more and more popular passive strategy. Among the methods available for this task, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) appears the most compelling, in ascending use. However, CFD simulations require a range of settings and skills that inhibit its wide application. With the primary goal of providing a pragmatic CFD application to promote wind-driven ventilation assessments at the design phase, this paper presents a study that investigates natural ventilation integrating 3D parametric modeling and CFD. From pre- to post-processing, the workflow addresses all simulation steps: geometry and weather definition, including incident wind directions, a model set up, control, results’ edition, and visualization. Both indoor air velocities and air change rates (ACH) were calculated within the procedure, which used a test house and air measurements as a reference. The study explores alternatives in the 3D design platform’s frame to display and compute ACH and parametrically generate surfaces where air velocities are computed. The paper also discusses the effectiveness of the reference building’s natural ventilation by analyzing the CFD outputs. The proposed approach assists the practical use of CFD by designers, providing detailed information about the numerical model, as well as enabling the means to generate the cases, visualize, and post-process the results.

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