scholarly journals Colonization of an empty island: how does a plant with a plastic gender system respond?

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (23) ◽  
pp. 6657-6665 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Philipp ◽  
H. Adsersen
Keyword(s):  
South Coast ◽  
Random Pattern ◽  
The South ◽  
Juvenile Period ◽  
Colonization History ◽  
Water Stress Tolerance ◽  
History Of ◽  
Gender System ◽  
Common Plant ◽  
Common Plant Species

Abstract. Honckenya peploides is the most common plant species on the island of Surtsey. It arrived in 1967 and after a juvenile period of 4 years it produced seeds and had increased its number from below 100 to several millions. Most populations had the individuals distributed in a regular or random pattern, suggesting that intraspecific competition is important. H. peploides has a subdioecious reproductive system consisting of pistillate plants producing capsules, and staminate plants delivering pollen. Some of the latter are in addition producing capsules and are denoted hermaphrodites. Populations at the south coast of Iceland had around equal numbers of pistillate and staminate plants. At Surtsey we found more pistillate plants, probably due to their higher water stress tolerance. We also found a tendency to a higher frequency of hermaphrodite plants with a higher number of seeds per capsule compared to populations at the south coast of Iceland and the nearby island of Heimaey. We suggest that this arises from the time right after the colonization of Surtsey where population size was small and the small generalist pollinators were not able to deposit sufficient pollen on pistillate plants, causing the hermaphrodites to have an advantage by being able to set seed after selfing. The result of this initial advantage of the hermaphrodites in combination with the inheritance of the sexes can still be seen due to the longevity of individuals. A generalized account of the colonization history of H. peploides is given.

scholarly journals Colonization of an empty island: how does a plant with a plastic gender system respond?

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 10647-10672
Author(s):  
M. Philipp ◽  
H. Adsersen
Keyword(s):  
South Coast ◽  
Random Pattern ◽  
The South ◽  
Juvenile Period ◽  
Colonization History ◽  
Water Stress Tolerance ◽  
History Of ◽  
Gender System ◽  
Common Plant ◽  
Common Plant Species

Abstract. Honckenya peploides is the most common plant species on the island of Surtsey. It arrived in 1967 and after a juvenile period of 4 years it produced seeds and has increased its number from below 100 to several millions. Most populations have the individuals distributed in a regular or random pattern, suggesting that intraspecific competition is important. H. peploides has a subdioecious reproductive system consisting of pistillate plants producing capsules, and staminate plants delivering pollen and some in addition are producing capsules and are denoted hermaphrodites. Populations at the south coast of Iceland had around fifty–fifty pistillate to staminate plants. At Surtsey we found more pistillate plants probably due to the higher water stress tolerance by pistillate plants. We also found a tendency to a higher frequency of hermaphrodite plants with a higher number of seeds per capsule compared to populations at the south coast of Iceland + Heimaey. We suggest that this is a reminiscence from the time right after the colonization of Surtsey where population size was small and the small generalist pollinators were not able to deposit sufficient pollen on pistillate plants causing the hermaphrodites to have an advantage by being able to set seed after selfing. The result of this initial advantage of the hermaphrodites in combination with the inheritance of the sexes can still be seen due to the longevity of the individuals. A generalized account of the colonization history of H. peploides is given.

Accounting in the King's Storehouse: the Inkawasi Khipu Archive

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 512-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary Urton ◽  
Alejandro Chu
Keyword(s):  
South Coast ◽  
Storage Facility ◽  
The South ◽  
Checks And Balances ◽  
Black Beans ◽  
Paired Samples ◽  
Agricultural Produce ◽  
Close Study ◽  
History Of ◽  
Accounting Units

The site of Inkawasi (or Incahuasi) is located in the Cahete Valley, on the south coast of Peru. It was a major garrison and storage facility for the Inka expansion onto the south coast, built for housing and provisioning troops in the Inka assault on the Huarco peoples. Archaeological excavations of the storage facility have exposed what is to date a collection of 34 khipus (or quipus), the Inka knotted-string recording devices. We first explain why we consider the collection to constitute an “archive” and what the implications of that classification are for considering the significance of such a large collection of accounting devices associated with state storage. Several of the khipus were found associated with, or covered by, aji (Capsicum sp.), peanuts (Arachis hypogaea), and black beans (Phaseolus vulgaris). We suggest that these may be the products that the khipus recorded. Several khipus were tied together, and two sets of tied, paired samples are shown to contain very similar quantitative records. Close study of the paired samples, as well as the numerical values knotted into several other khipus, reveal different strategies that were being used by the khipu-keepers to maintain “checks-and-balances” accounting. Evidence was also found of possible standardized accounting units for agricultural produce brought to Inkawasi. These took the form of a grid-like array of squares produced by impressing ropes into the floors of two rectangular sorting spaces in the storage complex. The grid-work of squares may have served in the process of spreading out the produce on the floor and collecting and accounting for these products in standardized units. We conclude with reflections on how the processes, procedures, and routines of accounting observed at Inkawasi provide information for approaching the writing of an autochthonous history of the Inka state based on the study of accounting practices.

scholarly journals Phylogeny and colonization history of Pringlea antiscorbutica (Brassicaceae), an emblematic endemic from the South Indian Ocean Province

2012 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 748-756 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor V. Bartish ◽  
Abdelkader Aïnouche ◽  
Dongrui Jia ◽  
Dana Bergstrom ◽  
Steven L. Chown ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
The South ◽  
South Indian Ocean ◽  
Colonization History ◽  
South Indian ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals Novyi Mishor – first country-style resort on the South Coast of Crimea (1898-1920): reconstruction of sociocultural history

2020 ◽  
pp. 103-127
Author(s):  
Andrey Vasil'evich Karagodin ◽  
Mariya Mikhailovna Petrova
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
South Coast ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
The South ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
First Time

The subject of this research is the history of the first of country-style resort appeared on the South Coast of Crimea at the turn of the XIX – XX centuries on the lands of country estates of New Mishor belonged to Shuvalov-Dolgorukov family. The phenomenon of country-style construction on the South Coast of Crimes, which starting point was the foundation of the Novyi Mishor, is viewed in the context of the processes of economic and sociocultural modernization of Russian society, formation of self-identification mechanisms of the emerging “middle class”, and new urban culture. Special attention is given to the period from 1917 to 1920, when the cultural figures left the capital and resided in the villages of Novyi Mishor. Based on examination the body of historical sources, many of which introduced to the scientific discourse for the first time, the author formed the database of villages and countryside residents of Novyi Mishor. A vast array of archival funds, reference literature, sources of personal provenance (memoirs, correspondence), and visual sources was attracted in the course of research. The novelty of consists in establishment of identities and social status of the residents of country resort of Novyi Mishor, determination of a range of sources for its further research, reconstruction of chronology of the development of this resort, details of everyday life and mentality traits of the residents, among which were the prominent figures of culture and art of Russia of that time – writers, actors, painters, scholars, and philanthropists.

Late Quaternary glacial history of the Hermitage area of southern Newfoundland

1983 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 399-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Leckie ◽  
S. B. McCann
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Late Quaternary ◽  
South Coast ◽  
Glacial History ◽  
The South ◽  
Ice Cap ◽  
Small Complex ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ice Field ◽  
Late Wisconsinan

During late Wisconsinan glaciation, the northern part of the Hermitage area was glaciated by Newfoundland-centred ice and the southern part by a small, complex, upland ice field, broken by nunataks. During deglaciation a lobe of Newfoundland ice dammed a lake at the head of Bay d'Espoir in which a series of small glaciolacustrine deltas were deposited. Valley glaciers from the southern ice cap reached the south coast at several locations, most notably near Harbour Breton, where a large glaciomarine delta was formed during deglaciation when sea level stood 22–24 m above present HWM. Except for three occurrences of till, no deposits were found that can be attributed to glacial events older than late Wisconsinan.

Deforestation

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Beresford-Jones
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Historical Record ◽  
Arid Lands ◽  
South Coast ◽  
The South ◽  
Administrative Records ◽  
Recent Memory ◽  
History Of ◽  
Riparian Woodland

The loss of riparian woodland recorded in the archaeological and geomorphological records of the basins of the lower Ica Valley is but one early part of a larger and still ongoing history of the deforestation of the coast of Peru. This is an old and gradual story that can be read through the Spanish chronicles, administrative records, and recent memory. This chapter follows the traces of this tale, beginning in the deep past with the archaeology of the south coast, beyond the lower Ica Valley. It then turns to historical documentation, firstly to review the uses of Prosopis by humans on the coast of Peru and in arid lands elsewhere in South America, before finally returning to focus on the south coast to examine the historical record of deforestation there.

The Minangkabau South Coast

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret Kartomi
Keyword(s):  
Musical Instruments ◽  
South Coast ◽  
The South ◽  
Common People ◽  
The Earth ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Common ◽  
Earth Goddess

This chapter explores the traditional pre-Muslim music, dance, and legend of the Minangkabau south coast, where descendants of local royalty claim descent from the luhak nan tiga heartland. Yet the style of their key songs and dances is quite different, based on locally told legends such as the pan-Sumatran west-coastal Sikambang legend about a mermaid (Sikambang) and the Earth Goddess Legend. The chapter first describes the music-related history of the former palaces and the common people on the south coast before discussing the shamanic rituals and dances; the bardic art of kaba (epic) performance. It then considers the songs and song-dances attached to three main legends: “Sikambang,” Bundo Kanduang (Earth Goddess), and the Seven Angels/Sisters legend. It also examines some other dances as well as the south coast's main musical instruments and ensembles.

scholarly journals Can Trees Help Put Water Back Into the Soil?

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly Cristina Tonello ◽  
Julieta Bramorski
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
The South ◽  
Size And Shape ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Right ◽  
Common Plant ◽  
Common Plant Species ◽  
The Way

Just to the south of the Amazon, there is a vast and biodiverse savanna that scientists believe is under even greater threat, called the Cerrado. Scientists want to understand how the plants that live in the Cerrado affect the rainfall that enters the ground to recharge the aquifer. Many of these plants are trees that capture rainwater and drain it down their bark-covered branches and trunks. This water, called stemflow, may be one way to recharge the aquifer, if the branches and bark of the trees are the right size and shape. This article will introduce the common plant species of the Cerrado, describe how they affect the way rainfall enters the ground, and discuss how bark and branches may help conserve water.

«Dreamland» Artek: traditions, achievements and prospects of the international children´s center

10.12737/5600 ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 61-70
Author(s):  
Абжемиль Абдулхаиров ◽  
Abzhemil Abdulkhairov
Keyword(s):  
South Coast ◽  
The South ◽  
The Crimea ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Town

In the article the basic stages of 90-years-old history of international children’s center «Artek», located in the town of Gurzuf on the South Coast of the Crimea, are considered. The author characterizes diff erent conceptions of Artek’s activity in the retrospective and perspective context, and also its public meaningful functions and applicable pedagogical technologies of development of children’s personality.

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