Supplementary material to "A model-data comparison of the Last Glacial Maximum surface temperature changes"

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akil Hossain ◽  
Xu Zhang ◽  
Gerrit Lohmann
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
Model Data ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Maximum Surface ◽  
Data Comparison ◽  
Supplementary Material ◽  
The Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
Maximum Surface Temperature ◽  
The Last Glacial

scholarly journals The Last Glacial Maximum and Heinrich Event 1 in terms of climate and vegetation around the Alboran Sea: a preliminary model-data comparison

2005 ◽  
Vol 337 (10-11) ◽  
pp. 983-992 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masa Kageyama ◽  
Nathalie Combourieu Nebout ◽  
Pierre Sepulchre ◽  
Odile Peyron ◽  
Gerhard Krinner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
Glacial Maximum ◽  
Model Data ◽  
Last Glacial ◽  
Data Comparison ◽  
Heinrich Event ◽  
Preliminary Model ◽  
The Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
Heinrich Event 1 ◽  
The Last Glacial

scholarly journals How cold was Europe at the Last Glacial Maximum? A synthesis of the progress achieved since the first PMIP model-data comparison

2007 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 331-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Ramstein ◽  
M. Kageyama ◽  
J. Guiot ◽  
H. Wu ◽  
C. Hély ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
General Circulation ◽  
General Circulation Models ◽  
Glacial Maximum ◽  
Model Data ◽  
Last Glacial ◽  
Data Comparison ◽  
The Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
Winter Cooling ◽  
The Last Glacial

Abstract. The Last Glacial Maximum has been one of the first foci of the Paleoclimate Modelling Intercomparison Project (PMIP). During its first phase, the results of 17 atmosphere general circulation models were compared to paleoclimate reconstructions. One of the largest discrepancies in the simulations was the systematic underestimation, by at least 10°C, of the winter cooling over Europe and the Mediterranean region observed in the pollen-based reconstructions. In this paper, we investigate the progress achieved to reduce this inconsistency through a large modelling effort and improved temperature reconstructions. We show that increased model spatial resolution does not significantly increase the simulated LGM winter cooling. Further, neither the inclusion of a vegetation cover compatible with the LGM climate, nor the interactions with the oceans simulated by the atmosphere-ocean general circulation models run in the second phase of PMIP result in a better agreement between models and data. Accounting for changes in interannual variability in the interpretation of the pollen data does not result in a reduction of the reconstructed cooling. The largest recent improvement in the model-data comparison has instead arisen from a new climate reconstruction based on inverse vegetation modelling, which explicitly accounts for the CO2 decrease at LGM and which substantially reduces the LGM winter cooling reconstructed from pollen assemblages. As a result, the simulated and observed LGM winter cooling over Western Europe and the Mediterranean area are now in much better agreement.

scholarly journals Southern Hemisphere westerly wind changes during the Last Glacial Maximum: model-data comparison

2013 ◽  
Vol 64 ◽  
pp. 104-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise C. Sime ◽  
Karen E. Kohfeld ◽  
Corinne Le Quéré ◽  
Eric W. Wolff ◽  
Agatha M. de Boer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southern Hemisphere ◽  
Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
Glacial Maximum ◽  
Westerly Wind ◽  
Model Data ◽  
Last Glacial ◽  
Data Comparison ◽  
The Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
The Last Glacial

scholarly journals How cold was Europe at the Last Glacial Maximum? A synthesis of the progress achieved since the first PMIP model-data comparison

2007 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 197-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Ramstein ◽  
M. Kageyama ◽  
J. Guiot ◽  
H. Wu ◽  
C. Hély ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
General Circulation ◽  
General Circulation Models ◽  
Glacial Maximum ◽  
Model Data ◽  
Last Glacial ◽  
Data Comparison ◽  
The Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
Winter Cooling ◽  
The Last Glacial

Abstract. The Last Glacial Maximum has been one of the first foci of the Paleoclimate Modelling Intercomparison Project (PMIP). During its first phase, the results of 17 atmosphere general circulation models were compared to paleoclimate reconstructions. One of the largest discrepancies in the simulations was the systematic underestimation, by at least 10°C, of the winter cooling over Europe and the Mediterranean region observed in the pollen-based reconstructions. In this paper, we investigate the progress achieved to reduce this inconsistency through a large modelling effort and improved temperature reconstructions. We show that increased model spatial resolution does not significantly increase the simulated LGM winter cooling. Further, neither the inclusion of a vegetation cover compatible with the LGM climate, nor the interactions with the oceans simulated by the atmosphere-ocean general circulation models run in the second phase of PMIP result in a better agreement between models and data. Accounting for changes in interannual variability in the interpretation of the pollen data does not result in a reduction of the reconstructed cooling. The largest recent improvement in the model-data comparison has instead arisen from a new climate reconstruction based on inverse vegetation modelling, which explicitly accounts for the CO2 decrease at LGM and which substantially reduces the LGM winter cooling reconstructed from pollen assemblages. As a result, the simulated and observed LGM winter cooling over Western Europe and the Mediterranean area are now in much better agreement.

scholarly journals A model-data comparison of the Last Glacial Maximum surface temperature changes

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akil Hossain ◽  
Xu Zhang ◽  
Gerrit Lohmann
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
Planktonic Foraminifera ◽  
Ice Sheet ◽  
Glacial Maximum ◽  
Model Data ◽  
Last Glacial ◽  
Proxy Records ◽  
The Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
The Last Glacial

Abstract. Over the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM, ~ 21 ka BP), the presence of vast Northern Hemisphere ice-sheets caused abrupt changes in surface topography and background climatic state. While the ice-sheet extent is well known, several conflicting ice-sheet topography reconstructions suggest that there is uncertainty in this boundary condition. The terrestrial and sea surface temperature (SST) of the LGM as simulated with six different Laurentide Ice Sheet (LIS) reconstructions in a fully coupled Earth System Model (COSMOS) have been compared with the subfossil pollen and plant macrofossil based and marine temperature proxies reconstruction. The terrestrial reconstruction shows a similar pattern and in good agreement with model data. The SST proxy dataset comprises a global compilation of planktonic foraminifera, diatoms, radiolarian, dinocyst, alkenones and planktonic foraminifera Mg / Ca-derived SST estimates. Significant mismatches between modeled and reconstructed SST have been observed. Among the six LIS reconstructions, Tarasov’s LIS reconstruction shows the highest correlation with reconstructed terrestrial and SST. In the case of radiolarian, Mg / Ca, diatoms and foraminifera show a positive correlation while dinocyst and alkenones show very low and negative correlation with the model. Dinocyst-based SST records are much warmer than reconstructed by other proxies as well as Pre-industrial (PI) temperature. However, there are large discrepancies between model temperatures and temperature recorded by different proxies. Eight different PMIP3 models also compared with temperature proxies reconstruction which show mismatches with the proxy records might be due to misinterpreted and/or biased proxy records. Therefore, it has been speculated that considering different habitat depths and growing seasons of the planktonic organisms used for SST reconstruction could provide a better agreement of proxy data with model results on a regional scale. Moreover, it can reduce model-data misfits. It is found that shifting in the habitat depth and living season can remove parts of the observed model-data mismatches in SST anomalies.

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