Adult Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) spawning migration and behaviour in the lower Skienselva

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheryl Schwert
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Upstream Migration ◽  
Hydroelectric Power ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Spawning Period ◽  
Fish Ladder ◽  
Spawning Areas ◽  
Spawning Sites

<p>Atlantic salmon swim upstream from the North sea through Frierfjorden to spawn in the Skien watershed, the third largest in Norway. There are two hydroelectric power plants in the lower reaches of the Skienselva: Klosterfoss and Skotfoss. Salmon caught swimming up the fish ladder at the downstream power plant (Klosterfoss) were tagged, released, and at the downstream power plant tracked from the beginning of the upstream migration to the end of the spawning period in the entire anadromous watershed. Salmon spent unequal amounts of time at the four spawning areas in the main river and a tributary between Klosterfoss and Skotfoss. Salmon spent less time at the larger spawning site, Vadrette, compared to the smaller Fossum and Grøtsund spawning sites. 26% of tagged salmon which swam upstream to the Skotfoss hydroelectric power plant ascended the fish ladder. Further, 16% of all salmon ascended the fish ladder at Skotfoss and continued to upstream spawning sites, indicating that they were homing to sites in the upper watershed. This is much smaller than the what is expected based on the fry populations in the rivers of the Skien watershed, which are augmented by yearly stocking in some of the rivers. Salmon which ascended the Klosterfoss ladder relatively early, swam upstream to Skotfoss more quickly than salmon that arrived relatively late at the Klosterfoss ladder. Short and repeated movements upstream to Skotfoss, and downstream to areas in the Farelva, and back again to Skotfoss were observed in the majority of tagged salmon that approached Skotfoss. The “yo-yo” migration of salmon in the Farelva is for the most part unexplained, but the movement costs the salmon valuable energy before and during the spawning season and may have negative consequences. Overall, these results indicate that salmon find the entrance to the fish ladder and do not remain stuck at the tunnel outlet, but most do not successfully ascend it. This could be the result of poor ladder construction, too low flow from the ladder, low survival of fry from upstream of Skotfoss reducing the number of salmon that are homing to upstream spawning areas, or that not all salmon which approach Skotfoss are homing to areas above the ladder. The possibility exists that salmon which will eventually spawn in areas downstream of the ladder engage in searching behavior near the fish ladder. If efforts to restore the populations in the upper watershed are to continue, issues salmon have with ascending the Skotfoss fish ladder must be addressed first.</p>

Spawning season movements of transported landlocked Atlantic salmon in a newly restored river habitat

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aurora Hatanpää ◽  
Hannu Huuskonen ◽  
Matti Janhunen ◽  
Raine Kortet ◽  
Jorma Piironen
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Release Site ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
River Habitat ◽  
Natural Reproduction ◽  
Spawning Areas ◽  
Salmon Population ◽  
Spawning Time ◽  
Lake Saimaa ◽  
Spawning Habitats

Certain spawning areas of the critically endangered Lake Saimaa landlocked Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar m. sebago) have been recently restored by excavator- and helicopter-scattered gravel, but the success of applied methodologies has remained open. Here, we monitored the spawning-related movements and redds occurrence of transported semi-wild and hatchery-reared salmon in the restored River Ala-Koitajoki, Eastern Finland using radiotelemetry and snorkelling. Nearly all fish accepted the newly-restored spawning habitats in the river that maintains a low flow rate (only 4 m3 s-1). The movements of females released up to two weeks before spawning time were restricted mainly to the closest rapids from the release site, and most of the movements were directed downstream. Semi-wild and hatchery background fish exhibited similar mobility, which was more variable among males. A majority of redds were found in restored areas, and both helicopter- and excavator-scattered gravels were accepted as spawning substrates. Our results indicate that natural reproduction of the studied landlocked salmon population can be successfully returned to its original spawning river by restoration of habitats and transfer of spawners.

scholarly journals Repercussão da Exploração Hidroelétrica no Funcionamento Geoecológico de Paisagens Fluviais Amazônicas

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 2259
Author(s):  
Eder Mileno Silva De Paula
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Urban Communities ◽  
River Flow ◽  
Hydroelectric Power Plant ◽  
Hydroelectric Power ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Abiotic Environment ◽  
Xingu River ◽  
Hydroelectric Plants ◽  
Belo Monte

A exploração hidroelétrica promove impactos naturais e sociais irreversíveis, também observados nas bacias hidrográficas amazônicas que receberam as Usinas Hidrelétricas de Balbina, Tucuruí e Samuel. A Usina Hidrelétrica de Belo Monte (UHEBM) está sendo construída desde 2011 no Baixo Curso do Rio Xingu e começou a produzir energia elétrica no ano de 2016. Os barramentos construídos para UHEBM impactam na dinâmica do fluxo fluvial de energia, matéria e informação do Rio Xingu, com desdobramentos negativos para o meio biótico, abiótico e para as comunidades indígenas, ribeirinhas e urbanas locais. Nesta pesquisa teve-se objetivo de analisar as consequências da exploração hidroelétrica no funcionamento das paisagens fluviais no Baixo Rio Xingu, através de análises geossistêmicas dos componentes das paisagens. Analisou-se o funcionamento antes do início do represamento da água (1985 a 2014) e após o represamento do Xingu (2016 a 2019). As conclusões indicam como se dá o funcionamento geoecológico de rios amazônicos explorados por hidrelétricas, especificamente aqueles com trechos de vazão reduzida. Essas conclusões podem contribuir no planejamento e gestão ambiental de paisagens fluviais e ajustes na operação da UHE Belo Monte. Repercussion of Hydrielectric Exploration in the Geoecolocical Performance of Amazon Fluvian Landscapes   ABSTRACT  Hydroelectric exploitation promotes irreversible natural and social impacts, also observed in the Amazonian basins that received the hydroelectric plants of Balbina, Tucuruí, and Samuel. The Belo Monte Hydroelectric Power Plant (UHEBM) is in construction since 2011 in the low-lying region of the Xingu River and started producing electricity in the year 2016. The dams built for the UHEBM impact on the dynamics of the river flow of energy, matter and information on the river Xingu with negative consequences for the biotic and abiotic environment, and for the indigenous, riverside and urban communities. The research’s objective was to analyze the consequences of hydroelectric exploitation on the river landscape in the lower Xingu River through geosystemic analysis of landscape components. The operation was analyzed in the period before the beginning of the water dam (1985 to 2014) and after (2016 to 2019) the damming of Xingu. The conclusions indicate the geoecological functioning of Amazonian rivers explored by hydroelectric plants, specifically those with reduced flow stretches, and these conclusions can contribute to the planning and environmental management of river landscapes and adjustments in the operation of the Belo Monte Hydroelectric Power Plant. Keywords: Belo Monte, Volta Grande do Xingu, Hydrogeography, Fluvial Geomorphology.

Advances in Fisheries Bioengineering

2008 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Cumulative Effect ◽  
Fish Passage ◽  
Suitable Habitat ◽  
Upstream Migration ◽  
Spawning Period ◽  
Poor Water Quality ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
The Impact

<em>Abstract.</em>—A 2-year radio-tracking study of Atlantic salmon <em>Salmo salar </em>upstream migrants was conducted on the Aulne River in France. The objective was to survey upstream migration in the river, of which 70 km are channeled. The behavior of 126 salmon was studied at 26 weirs (approximately 2 m high) from the beginning of July 1999 to the middle of December 2000. The mean percentage of fish able to pass upstream of weirs fitted with older fish passage facilities was less than for more recent fishways installed since 1994. An evaluation of the cumulative effect of the weirs indicates that only 2–3% of returning adults are likely to pass through the channeled part of the river and reach upstream areas with suitable habitat for spawning. The most obvious blockages occurred at weirs in the lowermost portion of the channeled river. Environmental conditions such as low flows and poor water quality may also make it difficult for salmon entering the river to progress upstream. Moreover, salmon appear to exhibit nontypical migration behaviors in this environment, which is heavily influenced by human activities. More than 26% of returning adults migrated downstream during the study, leaving the Aulne before the spawning period began and entering and migrating upstream through other neighboring rivers. We also estimated the impact of fishing on upstream migrants, which appeared far greater for spring salmon than for grilse. This study provides fisheries managers with a tool to assess restoration plans for Atlantic salmon and better define the actions needed to reach restoration goals.

Water Level Control of Small-scale Hydroelectric Power Plant

2002 ◽  
Vol 122 (6) ◽  
pp. 989-994
Author(s):  
Shinichiro Endo ◽  
Masami Konishi ◽  
Hirosuke Imabayashi ◽  
Hayami Sugiyama
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Water Level ◽  
Hydroelectric Power Plant ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Hydroelectric Power ◽  
Level Control

Hydroelectric Power-Plant Simulator Implemented in Python

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michal Kuchar ◽  
Adam Peichl ◽  
Milan Kucera ◽  
Jaromir Fiser ◽  
Pavel Kulik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Hydroelectric Power Plant ◽  
Hydroelectric Power

scholarly journals Analytical Approach to Sampling Estimation of Underwater Tunnels Using Mechanical Profiling Sonars

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 1900
Author(s):  
Vitor Augusto Machado Jorge ◽  
Pedro Daniel de Cerqueira Gava ◽  
Juan Ramon Belchior de França Silva ◽  
Thais Mancilha ◽  
Waldir Vieira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Hydroelectric Power ◽  
Large Power ◽  
Unmanned Underwater Vehicles ◽  
Power House ◽  
Simulated Environment ◽  
Sonar Sensor ◽  
Power Plant Operation ◽  
Plant Power

Hydroelectric power plants often make use of tunnels to redirect the flow of water to the plant power house. Such tunnels are often flooded and can span considerable distances. Periodical inspections of such tunnels are highly desirable since a tunnel collapse will be catastrophic, disrupting the power plant operation. In many cases, the use of Unmanned Underwater Vehicles (UUVs) equipped with mechanical profiling sonars is a suitable and affordable way to gather data to generate 3D mapping of flooded tunnels. In this paper, we study the resolution of 3D tunnel maps generated by one or more mechanical profiling sonars working in tandem, considering synchronization and occlusion problems. The article derives the analytical equations to estimate the sampling of the underwater tunnels using mechanical profiling sonars (scanning sonars). Experiments in a simulated environment using up to four sensors simultaneously are presented. We also report experimental results obtained by a UUV inside a large power plant tunnel, together with a first map of this environment using a single sonar sensor.

scholarly journals Dynamics of Lady’s slipper orchid (Cypripedium calceolus L.) population at Lake Kwiecko (West Pomerania)

2014 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maciej Korczyński ◽  
Ewa Krasicka-Korczyńska
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Endangered Species ◽  
Rare Species ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Good Condition ◽  
Hydroelectric Power Plant ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Hydroelectric Power ◽  
Cypripedium Calceolus ◽  
Slipper Orchid

Abstract Cypripedium calceolus is considered an endangered species in the territory of Poland. Population of this rare species, situated at Lake Kwiecko (Western Pomerania), was regularly monitored in the years 1986-2013. The studied population has been under the permanent influence of the nearby hydroelectric power plant for almost 45 years. The field observations showed that the power plant had no negative impact on the condition of Cypripedium calceolus population. An indication of its good condition was, among others, an increase in the size - from 150 to 350 specimens within the study period.

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