Nitrogen deposition enhanced productivity of sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) in the arid region of China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenwen Liu ◽  
Liang Sun ◽  
Jian Lan ◽  
Yuan Li
Keyword(s):  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Arid Region ◽  
Sweet Sorghum ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
N Deposition ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Node Number ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor L ◽  
Feed Crop

<p>Terrestrial ecosystems worldwide are experiencing increasing atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition because of fossil-fuel combustion and fertilizer applications. As a C<sub>4</sub> feed crop, sweet sorghum (<em>Sorghum bicolor L.</em>) is widely used in the arid region of China since its high sugar content, good palatability and high yield. However, impacts of atmospheric N deposition on production of sweet sorghum are poorly understood in arid land ecosystems where soils are typically low in plant available N. At Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia, China, a complete random block design was used to study the effects of four levels of N additions (45, 169, 197, and 224 kg ‍‌‌‍ha<sup>-1</sup> year<sup>-1</sup>) on sorghum, node number, stem diameter, leaf number, plant height, yield per plant, dry matter, and sugar Brix of stem. Nitrogen application significantly affected the above parameters. When the amount of N applied was 224 kg ‍‌‌‍ha<sup>-1</sup> year<sup>-1</sup>, the plant height (mean ± standard deviation, 256.9 cm ± 10.7, n=9), stem diameter (16.9 mm ± 1.1 ,n=9), number of leaf (10.8 ± 1.3, n=6) and node (4.9 ± 0.4, n=9), and dry matter per unit area (1.48 t ha<sup>-1</sup> ± 0.3, n=9) was highest. While N application did not affect sugar Brix of stem. Therefore, N deposition plays a linearly positive role in enhancing the productivity of sweet sorghum in the arid region of China.</p><p>Keywords: Agronomic traits, C<sub>4</sub> plant, Feed crop, Nitrogen addition</p>

scholarly journals Row spacing, plant density, sowing and harvest times for sweet sorghum1

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 408-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josefa Maria Francieli da Silva ◽  
Alek Sandro Dutra ◽  
Felipe Thomaz da Camara ◽  
Antônio Alves Pinto ◽  
Francisco Edson da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Sweet Sorghum ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Main Crop ◽  
As Effects

ABSTRACT Along with sugarcane, which is the main crop used for ethanol production, the sweet sorghum is a promising agronomic and industrial alternative for cultivation in water-stress regions. This study aimed at assessing the row spacing (0.70 m, 0.80 m and 0.90 m) and plant density (80,000 plants ha-1; 100,000 plants ha-1; 120,000 plants ha-1; and 140,000 plants ha-1) for the BRS 511 sorghum cultivar, combined with sowing and harvest times. A split-plot experimental design, in complete randomized blocks, with four replications, was used. The analyzed variables were plant height, stem diameter, shoot fresh and dry matter, broth volume and total soluble solids (ºBrix). The results showed isolated effects of plant density on plant height and stem diameter, as well as effects of row spacing on total fresh mass and broth volume. The most efficient productive effect for the sweet sorghum was observed in populations lower than 120,000 plants ha-1 and row spacing inferior to 0.80 m, associated with harvest at 120 days after sowing.

scholarly journals Cane Yield and Juice Volume Determine Ethanol Yield in Sweet Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench)

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. p29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justice K. Rono ◽  
Erick K. Cheruiyot ◽  
Jacktone O. Othira ◽  
Virginia W. Njuguna
Keyword(s):  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Sweet Sorghum ◽  
Ethanol Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Sugar Concentration ◽  
Cane Yield ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor L

Sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) contains fermentable sugars in the stem that can be converted to ethanol. The current study aimed at evaluating the performance of three sweet sorghum genotypes with five checks and contributes towards availing suitable sweet sorghum for industrial ethanol production. Field studies were carried out in Kenya at varied locations in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Sorghum was harvested at hard dough stage of grain development and evaluated for several stem juice production traits including plant height, cane yield, juice volume, degrees Brix, total, reducing, and non-reducing sugars, and ethanol yield via juice fermentation. Analyses of variance using SAS version 9.1 showed a significant effect of genotype for morphological characters and ethanol yield. Genotype EUSS10 produced the greatest cane (27.4 T/ha) and juice yield (7806.7 L/ha) whereas ACFC003/12 recorded the greatest ethanol yield (423.1 L/ha). At all sites, EUSS10 had the greatest plant height and days to 50% heading whereas SS04 had the greatest Brix and total sugar concentration. The greatest grain yield and non-reducing sugar concentration was produced by SS17 and SS21, respectively. Results of this study show that though Brix and total sugars are desirable for ethanol yield, cane yield, and juice volume of sweet sorghum determines the ultimate volume of ethanol produced.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Response of Sorghum to Tillage Systems and Nitrogen Fertilization

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Marwan Ramadhan ◽  
Sadiq Muhsin
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Biomass Yield ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Tillage System ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor L ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

In the subtropical semi-arid zones, sorghum Sorghum bicolor (L.) productivity is limited by numerous constraints. Relatively few studies have been conducted to measure the response of grain sorghum varieties to tillage and nitrogen. For sustainable crop production, selected tillage practice and fertilizer application are important. Field experiments were conducted at Al Qurna (QL), 74 km northwest Basrah province and Shatt al-Arab (SHL) and 17 km east Basrah province. A randomized complete block design, arranged in a split-split plot, was used with three replications. The tillage system was no tillage (NT), reduced tillage (RT), and conventional tillage (CT), while sorghum varieties were Inqadh, Rabih, and Cavire 2, and four levels of N fertilizer, viz., 0, 40, 80, and 120 kg ha−1. The objective of research was to evaluate two sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) varieties to tillage system and nitrogen (N) fertilizer. The application of tillage was shown to enhance the growth of sorghum as observed in the plant height, leaf area, number of grains panicle−1, 1000-grain weight, yield, biomass yield, and root dry matter. CT surpassed the other treatments for all studied traits. The highest value of plant height, number of grains panicle−1, grain yield, biomass yield, and root dry matter in the QL and SHL locations, respectively, were produced by Cavire 2. The plots fertilized with 120 kg N ha−1 maximize the values of plant height (132.33 cm in the SHL location), leaf area (3040.53 and 2751.47 cm2 in the QL and SHL location respectively), number of grains panicle−1 (1431.37 in the SHL location), 1000-grain weight (31.77 g in the QL location), biomass yield (15752.00 kg ha−1 in the SHL location), and root dry matter (22.42 and 20.75 g root cm−3 in the QL and SHL locations, respectively). Cavire 2 variety under CT with 80 kg N ha−1 in the QL location was the best (observed as the most promising) in terms of grain yield. Whereas Cavire 2 under CT showed best performance with 120 kg N ha−1 in the QL location in terms of biomass yield character.

scholarly journals Physiological quality of sweet sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench.] seeds in response to planting density in semi-arid region

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (06) ◽  
pp. 694-700 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana Maria da Silva ◽  
◽  
Maria de Fátima de Queiroz Lopes ◽  
Alexandre Bosco de Oliveira ◽  
André Luis da Silva Parente Nogueira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Arid Region ◽  
Sweet Sorghum ◽  
Planting Density ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor L ◽  
Semi Arid

scholarly journals The relationship between plant height and sugar accumulation in the stems of sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench)

2017 ◽  
Vol 203 ◽  
pp. 181-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanyukta Shukla ◽  
Terry J. Felderhoff ◽  
Ana Saballos ◽  
Wilfred Vermerris
Keyword(s):  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Sweet Sorghum ◽  
Sugar Accumulation ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor L

scholarly journals DOSES DE POTÁSSIO PARA O SORGO SACARINO DESTINADO À PRODUÇÃO DE ETANOL

Nativa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
João Victor Silva Bernardes ◽  
Valdeci Orioli Júnior ◽  
Hamilton César De Oliveira Charlo ◽  
Gislaine Fernandes ◽  
Luiz Paulo Venesiano Bosco
Keyword(s):  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Ethanol Production ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Sweet Sorghum ◽  
Polynomial Regression ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Total Sugar ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Potassium Fertilization ◽  
Juice Yield

O presente estudo objetivou avaliar os efeitos de doses de K em atributos morfológicos, produtivos e qualitativos do sorgo sacarino. O experimento foi conduzido em campo em Latossolo Vermelho com teor inicial de 0,6 mmolc dm-3 de K. Adotou-se o delineamento em blocos casualizados com cinco tratamentos (0, 50, 100, 150 e 200 kg ha-1 de K2O) e quatro repetições. Avaliaram-se: diâmetro de colmos, altura de plantas, teor de K na folha e no caldo, produção de colmos e de caldo e concentração de açúcar total no caldo. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância e de regressão polinomial. O fornecimento de K incrementou linearmente o diâmetro do colmo e aumentou a altura de plantas até a dose de 152 kg ha-1 de K2O. O maior diâmetro e altura foi, respectivamente, 18,1 mm e 2,73 m. A adubação potássica não afetou o teor de K nas folhas, mas elevou a produção de colmos até 32.454 kg ha-1 com aplicação de 132 kg ha-1 de K2O. Houve incremento linear na produção de caldo, chegando-se a 7.322 L ha-1. A dose de, aproximadamente, 100 kg ha-1 de K2O proporcionou as maiores concentrações de açúcar total (62,7 mg L-1) e K no caldo (1.144 mg L-1).Palavras-chave: Sorghum bicolor, biocombustível, adubação potássica. POTASSIUM RATES FOR SWEET SORGHUM CULTIVATED FOR ETHANOL PRODUCTION ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of K rates on morphological, productive and qualitative attributes of sweet sorghum cultivated for ethanol production. The experiment was conducted in field conditions in a cerrado soil with 0.6 mmolc dm-3 of K. The randomized block design with five treatments (0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 kg ha-1 of K2O) and four replicate was adopted. The following variables were evaluated: stem diameter, plant height, leaf and juice K content, stem and juice yield, and total sugar concentration in the juice. Data were submitted to analysis of variance and polynomial regression. The K supply linearly increased stem diameter and increased plant height up to the 152 kg ha-1 of K2O rate. The largest diameter and height were, respectively, 18.1 mm and 2.73 m. Potassium fertilization did not affect the leaves K content, but increased stem yield up to 32,454 kg ha-1 with application of 132 kg ha-1of K2O. There was a linear increase in juice yield, reaching 7,322 L ha-1. The rate of approximately 100 kg ha-1 of K2O provided the highest total sugar (62.7 mg L-1) and K concentrations in the juice (1,144 mg L-1).Keywords: Sorghum bicolor, biofuel, potassium fertilization.

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