Interactive effects of land use and soil erosion on soil organic carbon in the dry-hot valley region of southern China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yawen Li ◽  
Xingwu Duan ◽  
Ya Li ◽  
Yuxiang Li ◽  
Lanlan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Erosion Rates ◽  
Land Use Types ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Effects Of Land Use

<p>Changes in land use can result in soil erosion and the loss of soil organic carbon (SOC). However, the individual contribution of different land use types on SOC variability as well as the combined impacts of land use and soil erosion are still unclear. The aims of the present study were to: (1) evaluate soil erosion and SOC contents under different land use types, (2) identify the influences of soil depth and land use on SOC content, and (3) determine the contribution of land use and soil erosion on SOC variability. We assessed the SOC and total soil nitrogen (TSN) contents under three types of land use in the dry-hot valley in southern China. Caesium-137 (<sup>137</sup>Cs) and excess lead-210 (<sup>210</sup>Pb<sub>ex</sub>) contents were also measured to determine soil-erosion rates. Land use was found to significantly affect soil erosion, and erosion rates were higher in orchard land (OL) relative to farmland (FL), which is in contrast with previous study results. SOC and TSN contents varied significantly between the three land use types, with highest values in forest land (FRL) and lowest values in OL. SOC was found to decrease with decreasing soil depth; the highest rate of reduction occurred in the reference site (RS), followed by FRL and FL. The interaction between soil erosion and land use significantly impacted SOC in the soil surface layer (0–12 cm); the direct impact of soil erosion accounted for 1.5% of the SOC variability, and the direct or indirect effects of land use accounted for the remainder of the variability. SOC content in deep soil was mainly affected by factors related to land uses (89.0%). This quantitative study furthers our understanding on the interactive mechanisms of land use and soil erosion on changes in soil organic carbon.</p>

Spatial variability of soil organic carbon in a typical watershed in the source area of the middle Dan River, China

Soil Research ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guo-Ce Xu ◽  
Zhan-Bin Li ◽  
Peng Li ◽  
Ke-Xin Lu ◽  
Yun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Spatial Variability ◽  
Spatial Heterogeneity ◽  
Spatial Variation ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Source Area ◽  
Soil Layers ◽  
Land Use Types

Soil organic carbon (SOC) plays an important role in maintaining and improving soil fertility and quality, in addition to mitigating climate change. Understanding SOC spatial variability is fundamental for describing soil resources and predicting SOC. In this study, SOC content and SOC mass were estimated based on a soil survey of a small watershed in the Dan River, China. The spatial heterogeneity of SOC distribution and the impacts of land-use types, elevation, slope, and aspect on SOC were also assessed. Field sampling was carried out based on a 100 m by 100 m grid system overlaid on the topographic map of the study area, and samples were collected in three soil layers to a depth of 40 cm. In total, 222 sites were sampled and 629 soil samples were collected. The results showed that classical kriging could successfully interpolate SOC content in the watershed. Contents of SOC showed strong spatial heterogeneity based on the values of the coefficient of variation and the nugget ratio, and this was attributed largely to the type of land use. The range of the semi-variograms increased with increasing soil depth. The SOC content in the soil profile decreased as soil depth increased, and there were significant (P < 0.01) differences among the three soil layers. Land use had a great impact on the SOC content. ANOVA indicated that the spatial variation of SOC contents under different land use types was significant (P < 0.05). The SOC mass of different land-use types followed the order grassland > forestland > cropland. Mean SOC masses of grassland, forestland, and cropland at a depth of 0–40 cm were 5.87, 5.61, and 5.07 kg m–2, respectively. The spatial variation of SOC masses under different land-use types was significant (P < 0.05). ANOVA also showed significant (P < 0.05) impact of aspect on SOC mass in soil at 0–40 cm. Soil bulk density played an important role in the assessment of SOC mass. In conclusion, carbon in soils in the source area of the middle Dan River would increase with conversion from agricultural land to forest or grassland.

scholarly journals Global soil organic carbon removal by water erosion under climate change and land use change during AD 1850–2005

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (14) ◽  
pp. 4459-4480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria Naipal ◽  
Philippe Ciais ◽  
Yilong Wang ◽  
Ronny Lauerwald ◽  
Bertrand Guenet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Climate Variability ◽  
Carbon Cycle ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Erosion Rates ◽  
Soil Erosion Rates

Abstract. Erosion is an Earth system process that transports carbon laterally across the land surface and is currently accelerated by anthropogenic activities. Anthropogenic land cover change has accelerated soil erosion rates by rainfall and runoff substantially, mobilizing vast quantities of soil organic carbon (SOC) globally. At timescales of decennia to millennia this mobilized SOC can significantly alter previously estimated carbon emissions from land use change (LUC). However, a full understanding of the impact of erosion on land–atmosphere carbon exchange is still missing. The aim of this study is to better constrain the terrestrial carbon fluxes by developing methods compatible with land surface models (LSMs) in order to explicitly represent the links between soil erosion by rainfall and runoff and carbon dynamics. For this we use an emulator that represents the carbon cycle of a LSM, in combination with the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) model. We applied this modeling framework at the global scale to evaluate the effects of potential soil erosion (soil removal only) in the presence of other perturbations of the carbon cycle: elevated atmospheric CO2, climate variability, and LUC. We find that over the period AD 1850–2005 acceleration of soil erosion leads to a total potential SOC removal flux of 74±18 Pg C, of which 79 %–85 % occurs on agricultural land and grassland. Using our best estimates for soil erosion we find that including soil erosion in the SOC-dynamics scheme results in an increase of 62 % of the cumulative loss of SOC over 1850–2005 due to the combined effects of climate variability, increasing atmospheric CO2 and LUC. This additional erosional loss decreases the cumulative global carbon sink on land by 2 Pg of carbon for this specific period, with the largest effects found for the tropics, where deforestation and agricultural expansion increased soil erosion rates significantly. We conclude that the potential effect of soil erosion on the global SOC stock is comparable to the effects of climate or LUC. It is thus necessary to include soil erosion in assessments of LUC and evaluations of the terrestrial carbon cycle.

scholarly journals Variation in Soil Organic Carbon under Different Forest Types in Shivapuri Nagarjun National Park, Nepal

Scientifica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Jun Shapkota ◽  
Gandhiv Kafle
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
National Park ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Forest Types ◽  
Land Use Types ◽  
Soc Stock ◽  
Chir Pine ◽  
Level Of Significance

Understanding distribution of soil organic carbon (SOC) in soil profile is important for assessing soil fertility and SOC stock because it varies with soils of different vegetation and land use types. In this context, the objective of this research is that it was conducted to determine key variance in the SOC stock in three different soil layers, 0–20 cm, 20–40 cm, and 40–60 cm of different vegetation covers of Shivapuri Nagarjun National Park of Kathmandu district, Nepal. Overall field measurement was based on standard national methods. We used the dichromate digestion method to analyse SOC concentrations. The highest SOC concentration (%) was recorded as 4.87% in 0–20 cm of oak forest and lowest 0.42% in 40–60 cm of Chir pine forest. Forest types (oak, upper mixed hardwood, lower mixed hardwood, and Chir pine) had SOC stock 149.62, 104.47, 62.5, and 50.85 t/ha, respectively, up to 60 cm depth. However, these values are significantly different ( p = 0.02 ) at 5% level of significance when comparing means between the forest types. The SOC stock was decreased with increased soil depth, though not significantly different at 5% level of significance. Further study with respect to different climate, soil, forest, and land use type is recommended.

scholarly journals Effects of Different Land Use Types Managed By Smallholder Farmers on Soil Properties in Central Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Getahun Haile ◽  
Mulugeta Lemenih ◽  
Fisseha Itanna ◽  
Beyene Teklu ◽  
Getachew Agegnehu
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Grazing Land ◽  
Land Use Types ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Abstract Background Aim: Land use change causes a remarkable change in soil properties. The nature of change depends on multiple factors such as soil type, type and intensity of land use, climate, and the like. This study investigated the variation in soil physicochemical properties across five common land use practices i.e., enset system, farmland, and grazing-land (closed and open), and Eucalyptus woodlots practiced on originally same soil type and comparable topographic and climatic settings.Methods: A total of 105 disturbed and undisturbed soil samples [5 treatments (land use types) *7 replications (household)* 3 soil depth layers: 0–15cm, 15–30 cm, 30–45cm] were collected for selected soil chemical and physical analyses. Standard soil analytical procedures were followed in carrying out soil analysis. To meet the assumptions of normal distribution and homogeneity of variances, soil data on available phosphors were log-transformed before statistical analysis was undertaken and reported after back transformation. Two way analysis of variable were used to investigate the effects of land use and soil depth and their interaction on soil properties and when the analysis showed a significant difference (p <0.05) among land use and soil depth men separation were made using Turkey’s pairwise comparisons.Results: There were significant differences in physical and chemical properties of soil across land use and soil depth categories. Enset system had significantly higher pH, available phosphorus (P), exchangeable potassium (K+), soil organic carbon (SOC), and total nitrogen (TN) and their stocks than other land use types. Enset fields had higher SOC (78.4%) and soil TN (75%), and SOC and TN stocks of (66%) and (58%), respectively than cereal farmland. This study had also revealed a less expected finding of higher soil organic carbon and total nitrogen under Eucalyptus wood than farm land. Soil carbon and total nitrogen stocks showed a decreasing trend of enset system> closed grazing-land > eucalyptus woodlot > open grazing-land > farmland 0-45cm.Conclusion: Overall, some land use systems (e. g. enset agroforestry) improve the soil biophysical and chemical properties, while others such as cereal production degrade the soil. Hence appropriate land and soil management intervention should be promptly adapted to mitigating the continuous loss of nutrient from the dominantly practiced cereal farm land through maintaining crop residues, manure, crop rotation and scaling up agro-forestry system.

scholarly journals Effects of Land Use Change on the Soil Organic Carbon and Selected Soil Properties in the Sultan Marshes, Turkey

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Selma Yaşar Korkanç ◽  
Mustafa Korkanç ◽  
Muhammet Hüseyin Mert ◽  
Abdurrahman Geçili ◽  
Yusuf Serengil
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Aggregate Stability ◽  
Carbon Stocks ◽  
Effects Of Land Use

Abstract This study aims the effects of land use changes on the carbon storage capacity and some soil properties of The Sultan Marshes was partially drained during the middle of the last century and converted to other land uses. Undisturbed soil sampling was performed in different land use types (rangelands, shrubs, marsh, agriculture, and dried lake area) in the wetland area at depths of 0-50 cm, and soil organic carbon (SOC), bulk density, and carbon stocks of soils for each land use type were calculated at 10 cm soil depth levels. Furthermore, disturbed soil samples were taken at two soil depths (0-20 cm and 20-40 cm), and the particle size distribution, pH, electrical conductivity (EC), aggregate stability and dispersion ratio (DR) properties of the soils were analyzed. Data were processed using ANOVA, Duncan’s test, and Pearson’s correlation analysis. The soil properties affected by land use change were SOC, carbon stock, pH, EC, aggregate stability, clay, silt, sand contents, and bulk density. SOC and carbon stocks were high in rangeland, marsh, and shrub land, while they were low in agriculture and drained lake areas. As the soil depth increased, SOC and carbon stock decreased. The organic carbon content of the soils exhibited positive relationships with aggregate stability, clay, and carbon stock, while it showed a negative correlation with bulk density, pH, and DR. The results showed that the drainage and conversion of the wetland caused a significant decrease in the carbon contents of the soils.

scholarly journals Soil Organic Carbon and Nitrogen Stocks Following Land Use Changes in a Sub-Humid Climate

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 70
Author(s):  
Birhanu Biazin ◽  
Dong-Gill Kim ◽  
Tefera Mengistu
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Natural Forest ◽  
Agricultural Land Use ◽  
Natural Forests ◽  
Land Use Types ◽  
Agro Forestry

There has been an incessant conversion of natural forests to agricultural land uses such as farmlands, grasslands and parkland agro-forestry in Africa during the last century. This study investigated changes in soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (TN) stocks following the conversion of a natural forest to coffee-based agro-forestry, grazing grassland and well-managed maize farm in a sub-humid tropical climate of Ethiopia. Soil samples (up to 1m depth) were taken from each of these four land use types. Taking the natural forest as a baseline and with duration of 35 years since land use conversion, the total SOC and TN stocks were not significantly different (P > 0.05) among the different land use types when the entire 1m soil depth was considered. However, in the upper 0-10cm soil depth, the SOC and TN stocks were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in the natural forest than the agricultural land use types. There were different patterns of SOC and TN distributions along the soil depths for the different land use types. The SOC stocks decreased with depth in natural forest, but did not show any increasing or decreasing trends in maize farm, grazing grassland, and coffee-based agroforestry. The results of this study revealed that the negative effects of converting natural forests to agricultural land use types on SOC and TN can be prevented through appropriate land management practices in cultivated and grazing lands and use of proper agroforestry practices in a sub-humid tropical climate.

scholarly journals Topographic Position, Land Use and Soil Management Effects on Soil Organic Carbon (Vineyard Region of Niš, Serbia)

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1438
Author(s):  
Snežana Jakšić ◽  
Jordana Ninkov ◽  
Stanko Milić ◽  
Jovica Vasin ◽  
Milorad Živanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Surface Layer ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Compaction ◽  
Soil Management ◽  
Forest Land ◽  
Topographic Position

Spatial distribution of soil organic carbon (SOC) is the result of a combination of various factors related to both the natural environment and anthropogenic activities. The aim of this study was to examine (i) the state of SOC in topsoil and subsoil of vineyards compared to the nearest forest, (ii) the influence of soil management on SOC, (iii) the variation in SOC content with topographic position, (iv) the intensity of soil erosion in order to estimate the leaching of SOC from upper to lower topographic positions, and (v) the significance of SOC for the reduction of soil’s susceptibility to compaction. The study area was the vineyard region of Niš, which represents a medium-sized vineyard region in Serbia. About 32% of the total land area is affected, to some degree, by soil erosion. However, according to the mean annual soil loss rate, the total area is classified as having tolerable erosion risk. Land use was shown to be an important factor that controls SOC content. The vineyards contained less SOC than forest land. The SOC content was affected by topographic position. The interactive effect of topographic position and land use on SOC was significant. The SOC of forest land was significantly higher at the upper position than at the middle and lower positions. Spatial distribution of organic carbon in vineyards was not influenced by altitude, but occurred as a consequence of different soil management practices. The deep tillage at 60–80 cm, along with application of organic amendments, showed the potential to preserve SOC in the subsoil and prevent carbon loss from the surface layer. Penetrometric resistance values indicated optimum soil compaction in the surface layer of the soil, while low permeability was observed in deeper layers. Increases in SOC content reduce soil compaction and thus the risk of erosion and landslides. Knowledge of soil carbon distribution as a function of topographic position, land use and soil management is important for sustainable production and climate change mitigation.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document