Comparison between DAN/MSL subsurface water measurements and CRISM/MRO hydrated minerals abundance in Gale crater

The Dynamic Albedo of Neutrons (DAN) instrument designed to detect neutrons in order to determine hydrogen abundance in the Martian subsurface (down to 1 m deep) is successfully working onboard Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) Curiosity rover for more than seven years. The Curiosity rover covered more than 20 km on the Martian surface and crossed a range of terrain types and geological structures of different mineralogical composition.We investigate the possible correlation between the water equivalent hydrogen (WEH) value, as measured by DAN along the Curiosity traverse, and the presence of hydrated minerals, as observed from the orbit by Compact Reconnaissance Imaging Spectrometer for Mars (CRISM) onboard Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter. &#160;Our analysis of the WEH value from DAN measurements in Gale crater and the CRISM data, reflecting the distribution of hydrated/hydroxylated minerals on the surface of this crater, shows a confident increase of the average WEH values for the surface elements, containing certain types of minerals, in comparison with surface elements, that do not contain any of them. This increase is shown to become higher for surface with more prominent spectral features of hydrated/ hydroxylated minerals on the surface. Thus, certain types of minerals being parts of the sedimentary deposits composing Gale crater, should have considerable thickness, which is sufficient for active neutron sensing in DAN measurements. To explain the correspondence, one may assume that large blocks of certain mineral composition are distributed over the traverse, the tops of which are observed by CRISM from the Martian orbit, and the volumes of which are detectable by DAN on the Martian surface.The bottom of the crater is thought to be a composition of a uniform regolith and sedimentary blocks of minerals with different level of hydration. The fraction of the regolith contains a standard value of WEH, about 2.6 wt.%, and the &#160;fraction of minerals, provided they are there, might contribute to some increase of the mean WEH values, up to 3.8 wt.%, as they are obtained at some spots from the DAN neutron sensing.

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Comparison of the DAN Experiment Data on the Subsurface Water Content Along the Curiosity Rover Traverse in Gale Crater with the MRO CRISM Experiment Data

XVI Young Scientists Conference “Fundamental and Applied Space Researches” ◽

10.21046/kmu-2019-24-33 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

M. V Djachkova ◽

◽

S. Yu. Nikiforov ◽

D. I. Lisov ◽

I. G. Mitrofanov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Content ◽

Subsurface Water ◽

Experiment Data ◽

Gale Crater ◽

Curiosity Rover

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Gale Crater on target to become next Mars landing site

Nature ◽

10.1038/news.2011.380 ◽

2011 ◽

Author(s):

Eric Hand

Keyword(s):

Landing Site ◽

Gale Crater

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ANALISIS KESTABILAN LERENG DINDING AKHIR DI PIT BARATLAUT PADA PENAMBANGAN BATUBARA DI PT. PUTERA BARA MITRA , KECAMATAN MENTEWE, KALIMANTAN SELATAN

KURVATEK ◽

10.33579/krvtk.v3i1.569 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 21-34

Author(s):

Untung Wahyudi ◽

Excelsior T P ◽

Luthfi Wahyudi

Keyword(s):

Slope Stability ◽

Mining Operation ◽

Subsurface Water ◽

Mining System ◽

Mine Site ◽

Analysis And Design ◽

The Stability ◽

End Wall ◽

Wall Slope ◽

Mining Slope

PT. Putera Bara Mitra used open mining system for mining operation, Yet the completion of study on the end wall slope stability that undertaken by geotechnical PT. Putera Bara Mitra in Northwest Pit and the occured a failure in the low wall on the 1st June 2012 led to the need for analysis and design the overall slope at the mine site. To analyze and design the overall slope, used value of the recommended minimum safety. The value was based on company for single slope SF ≥ 1.2 and SF ≥ 1.3 for overall slope. The calculation used Bichop method with the help of software slide v 5.0. Geometry improvements was done at the low slopes that originally single wall with a 30 m bench height and a slope 70° with SF = 0.781, into 4 levels with SF = 1.305. The analysis explained the factors that affect the stability of the low wall included the mining slope geometry, unfavorable drainase system, material stockpiles and seismicity factors. It was necessary to do prevention efforts to maintain the stability of the slope included the redesign to slope geometry, handling surface and subsurface water in a way to control slopes draining groundwater, vegetation stabilization using and monitoring slope using Total Station with Prism and Crackmeter to determine the movement of cracks visible on the surface.

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Analysis of Subsurface Water Content with Integrated Techniques.

Environmental Semeiotics ◽

10.3383/1.1.8 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 109-123 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

G. LEUCCI ◽

R. CATALDO ◽

G. DE NUNZIO

Keyword(s):

Water Content ◽

Subsurface Water

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Geologic mapping and characterization of Gale Crater and implications for its potential as a Mars Science Laboratory landing site

Mars ◽

10.1555/mars.2010.0004 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 5 ◽

pp. 76-128 ◽

Cited By ~ 132

Author(s):

Ryan Anderson

Keyword(s):

Landing Site ◽

Science Laboratory ◽

Geologic Mapping ◽

Mars Science Laboratory ◽

Gale Crater

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Investigating artificial groundwater recharge to ensure the water supply to the city of Graz

Water Practice & Technology ◽

10.2166/wpt.2008.063 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Wilhelm Tischendorf ◽

Hans Kupfersberger ◽

Christian Schilling ◽

Oliver Gabriel

Keyword(s):

Water Supply ◽

Groundwater Recharge ◽

Water Demand ◽

Bulk Water ◽

Retention Rates ◽

Subsurface Water ◽

Artificial Groundwater Recharge ◽

Advantages And Disadvantages ◽

Water Recharge ◽

Water Supply Company

Being Austria's fourth largest water-supply company, the Grazer Stadtwerke AG., has ensured the successful water-supply of the Styrian capital with 250.000 inhabitants for many years. The average daily water demand of the area amounts to about 50,000 m3. Approximately 30 % of the total demand is covered by the bulk water supply from the Zentral Wasser Versorgung Hochschwab Süd. The waterworks Friesach and Andritz, which cover the additional 70 % of the water demand, operate by means of artificial groundwater recharge plants where horizontal filter wells serve as drawing shafts. The groundwater recharge systems serve to increase the productivity of the aquifer and to reduce the share of the infiltration from the Mur River. Protection areas have been identified to ensure that the water quality of the aquifer stay at optimal levels. The protection areas are divided into zones indicating various restrictions for usage and planning. Two respective streams serve as the source for the water recharge plants. Different infiltration systems are utilised. Each of the various artificial groundwater recharge systems displays specific advantages and disadvantages in terms of operation as well as maintenance. In order to secure a sustainable drinking water supply the recharge capacity will be increased. Within an experimental setting different mixtures of top soils are investigated with respect to infiltration and retention rates and compared to the characteristics of the existing basins. It can be shown that the current operating sand basin with more than 90% grains in the range between 0.063 and 6.3 mm represents the best combination of infiltration and retention rates. In future experiments the performance of alternative grain size distributions as well as planting the top soil will be tested. Additionally, in order to optimize the additional groundwater recharge structures the composition of the subsurface water regarding its origin is statistically analyzed.

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