scholarly journals Back to the future II: tidal evolution of four supercontinent scenarios

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 291-299
Author(s):  
Hannah S. Davies ◽  
J. A. Mattias Green ◽  
Joao C. Duarte
Keyword(s):  
Tidal Cycle ◽  
Ocean Basin ◽  
Deep Time ◽  
Tidal Model ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Near Resonance ◽  
The Future ◽  
Tidal Energetics ◽  
Wilson Cycle ◽  
Supercontinent Cycle

Abstract. The Earth is currently 180 Myr into a supercontinent cycle that began with the break-up of Pangaea and which will end around 200–250 Myr (million years) in the future, as the next supercontinent forms. As the continents move around the planet they change the geometry of ocean basins, and thereby modify their resonant properties. In doing so, oceans move through tidal resonance, causing the global tides to be profoundly affected. Here, we use a dedicated and established global tidal model to simulate the evolution of tides during four future supercontinent scenarios. We show that the number of tidal resonances on Earth varies between one and five in a supercontinent cycle and that they last for no longer than 20 Myr. They occur in opening basins after about 140–180 Myr, an age equivalent to the present-day Atlantic Ocean, which is near resonance for the dominating semi-diurnal tide. They also occur when an ocean basin is closing, highlighting that within its lifetime, a large ocean basin – its history described by the Wilson cycle – may go through two resonances: one when opening and one when closing. The results further support the existence of a super-tidal cycle associated with the supercontinent cycle and gives a deep-time proxy for global tidal energetics.

scholarly journals Back to the Future II: Tidal evolution of four supercontinent scenarios

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah S. Davies ◽  
J. A. Mattias Green ◽  
Joao C. Duarte
Keyword(s):  
Tidal Cycle ◽  
Ocean Basin ◽  
Deep Time ◽  
Tidal Model ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Near Resonance ◽  
The Future ◽  
Tidal Energetics ◽  
Wilson Cycle ◽  
Supercontinent Cycle

Abstract. The Earth is currently 180 Ma into a supercontinent cycle that began with the breakup of Pangea, and will end in around 200–250 Ma (Mega-annum) in the future, as the next supercontinent forms. As the continents move around the planet, they change the geometry of ocean basins, and thereby modify their resonant properties. In doing so oceans move through tidal resonance, causing the global tides to be profoundly affected. Here, we use a dedicated and established global tidal model to simulate the evolution of tides during four future supercontinent scenarios. We show that the number of tidal resonances on Earth vary between 1 and 5 in a supercontinent cycle, and that they last for no longer than 20 Ma. They occur in opening basins after about 140–180 Ma, an age equivalent to the Present-Day Atlantic Ocean, which is near resonance for the dominating semi-diurnal tide. They also occur when an ocean basin is closing, highlighting that in its lifetime, a large ocean basin – its history described by the Wilson cycle – may go through two resonances: one when opening and one when closing. The results further support the existence of a super-tidal cycle associated with the supercontinent cycle, and gives a deep-time proxy for global tidal energetics.

Analysing the tidal state of a pre-plate tectonic Earth during the Archean Eon (3.9 Ga)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah Davies ◽  
Mattias Green ◽  
João Duarte
Keyword(s):  
Plate Tectonics ◽  
Early Time ◽  
Open Ocean ◽  
Day Length ◽  
Plate Tectonic ◽  
Deep Time ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Tidal State ◽  
Tidal Energetics ◽  
Tectonic Features

<p>Deep time investigations of the Earth have revealed a relationship between plate tectonic motion and the intensity of the tide. Tidal energetics change as continental plates disperse and aggregate in the supercontinent cycle, altering ocean basins around them. The question is, could enhanced tides occur on Earth before plate tectonics started e.g., during the Archean?  </p><p>Here we have coupled an established tidal model with an ensemble of potential topographies of the Archean Earth to establish a statistically significant approximation of Archean tidal energetics. Land area is restricted to 5 – 15% with the rest representing primordial ocean – containing no major plate tectonic features i.e., trenches and ridges. Ocean volume is preserved at close to present-day which means oceans are on average 1 km shallower than present-day oceans. Archean day length is set at 13.1 hours with the semi-diurnal tide occurring every 6.8 hours. Equilibrium tide is around 3.4x the present-day value due to the proximity of the Moon.</p><p>The aim of this study is to assess the relationship of the Earth Moon system during this primordial stage to better understand the potential role tides had in the origin of life, and to quantify the tidal state of a primordial rocky planet with a young, nearby moon. Understanding the tidal state of Earth at this early time is important for exoplanetary studies as it broadens our scope of planets which may be hospitable to life.</p><p>We found coastal and open ocean resonance in many of the ensemble topographies. Total global dissipation in the ensembles varies from 75 – 150% of present-day dissipation rates due to elevated equilibrium tide and greater area where the tide can dissipate. When regional and open ocean resonance does occur, it can raise total global dissipation to >150% of present-day values and can cause regional macrotidal amplitudes (>2m).</p>

When Silence Strikes: Derrida, Heidegger, Mallarmé

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 238-262
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Therezo
Keyword(s):  
The Earth ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Way

This paper attempts to rethink difference and divisibility as conditions of (im)possibility for love and survival in the wake of Derrida's newly discovered—and just recently published—Geschlecht III. I argue that Derrida's deconstruction of what he calls ‘the grand logic of philosophy’ allows us to think love and survival without positing unicity as a sine qua non. This hypothesis is tested in and through a deconstructive reading of Heidegger's second essay on Trakl in On the Way to Language, where Heidegger's phonocentrism and surreptitious nationalism converge in an effort to ‘save the earth’ from a ‘degenerate’ Geschlecht that cannot survive the internal diremption between Geschlechter. I show that one way of problematizing Heidegger's claim is to point to the blank spaces in the ‘E i n’ of Trakl's ‘E i n Geschlecht’, an internal fissuring in the very word Heidegger mobilizes in order to secure the future of mankind.

Dombey and Son

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Dickens ◽  
Dennis Walder
Keyword(s):  
Family Relationships ◽  
The Sun ◽  
The Novel ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The Future ◽  
Original Illustrations ◽  
The One

Dombey and Son ... Those three words conveyed the one idea of Mr. Dombey's life. The earth was made for Dombey and Son to trade in, and the sun and moon were made to give them light.' The hopes of Mr Dombey for the future of his shipping firm are centred on his delicate son Paul, and Florence, his devoted daughter, is unloved and neglected. When the firm faces ruin, and Dombey's second marriage ends in disaster, only Florence has the strength and humanity to save her father from desolate solitude. This new edition contains Dickens's prefaces, his working plans, and all the original illustrations by ‘Phiz’. The text is that of the definitive Clarendon edition. It has been supplemented by a wide-ranging Introduction, highlighting Dickens's engagement with his times, and the touching exploration of family relationships which give the novel added depth and relevance.

Climate-vegetation-fire interactions and feedbacks: trivial detail or major barrier to projecting the future of the Earth system?

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 910-931 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca M. B. Harris ◽  
Tomas A. Remenyi ◽  
Grant J. Williamson ◽  
Nathaniel L. Bindoff ◽  
David M. J. S. Bowman
Keyword(s):  
Earth System ◽  
Major Barrier ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The Future

Othering Time: Strategies of attunement to non-human temporalities

APRIA Journal ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-83
Author(s):  
Alice Smits
Keyword(s):  
Ethics Of Care ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Ecological Crisis ◽  
Time And Space ◽  
Deep Time ◽  
Curatorial Practice ◽  
Time Zones ◽  
The Future ◽  
Opening Up ◽  
Epistemological Framework

In her article 'Othering Time: Strategies of Attunement to Non-Human Temporalities,' art curator and researcher in the field of art and ecology Alice Smits delves into artistic practices that tune into deep time and non-human time zones. Starting from the viewpoint that our current ecological crisis is in need of developing an ethics of care towards generations far into the future and life forms extremely different to ours, she discusses art and aesthetic knowledge as particularly well suited for experimentation with new stories and sensibilities about our place in time. Making use of geologist Marcia Bjornerud's concept of 'timefulness,' the article focuses on several art projects by Rachel Sussman, Katie Paterson and Špela Petrič, whose works engage in developing a more time-literate sensibility that aims to understand how our everyday lives are shaped by processes that vastly predate us. Underlining changing ways of understanding of time and space by opening up to what is referred to in the title as 'othering time,' art opens up as a discourse in its own right that can interrogate the sciences as a specific epistemological framework that is in need of revision. The author concludes with a few references to how these artistic practices change her own curatorial practice.

scholarly journals Alan Betts: Green Energy Times, 2018

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Betts
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Energy Policy ◽  
Climate Science ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Collective Decision ◽  
The Public ◽  
Systems Perspective ◽  
Climate Change Denial ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The Future

This is a collection of my 2018 articles in the Green Energy Times (http://www.greenenergytimes.org/ ).This series started in 2016. Many of these articles have been edited or updated from articles I wrote forthe Rutland Herald, sometimes with different titles and pictures.They blend science and opinion with a systems perspective, and encourage the reader to explorealternative and hopeful paths for their families and society. They are written so that a scientist willperceive them as accurate (although simplified); while the public can relate their tangible experience ofweather and climate to the much less tangible issues of climate change, energy policy and strategies forliving sustainably with the earth system.The politically motivated attacks on climate science by the current president have sharpened my politicalcommentary this year; since climate change denial may bring immense suffering to our children and lifeon Earth.I believe that earth scientists have a responsibility to communicate clearly and directly to the public1 –aswe all share responsibility for the future of the Earth. We must deepen our collective understanding, sowe can make a collective decision to build a resilient future.

scholarly journals Estuaries, Human Beings, and the Future

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven D. Culberson
Keyword(s):  
Fresh Water ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Streams And Rivers ◽  
Salty Water ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The Future

Estuaries are places on the earth where rivers meet oceans. When rain and snowmelt drain off the land, the fresh water collects in streams and rivers and eventually makes its way to the ocean. At the same time, the ocean has tides that push salty water upstream into the rivers. This place, where rivers and oceans mix, is called an estuary. Estuaries contain many kinds of habitats that are home to plants and animals. Many people work and live in estuaries. In this article, I describe what makes estuaries interesting and important to plants, animals, and people. I also explain how these important areas are under threat from certain human activities.

scholarly journals Moving Lightly over the Earth

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Spissu
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Lived Experiences ◽  
The Novel ◽  
World War ◽  
Unemployed People ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Ethnographic Observation ◽  
The Future ◽  
Specific Meaning ◽  
The Town

In the novel The Rings of Saturn (1995), the German writer W. G. Sebald recounts his solitary journey to the town of Suffolk (UK) at the end of his years, while he also reflects on some of the dramatic events that shaped World War II and his personal memories. In this work, he takes on a particular narrative tactic defined by the interaction between the text and images that creates a special type of montage in which he seems to draw from cinematic language. I argue that, drawing on Sebald’s work, we can imagine a form of ethnographic observation that involves the creation of a cinematic map through which to explore the memories and imagination of individuals in relation to places where they live. I explore the day-to-day lived experiences of unemployed people of Sulcis Iglesiente, through their everyday engagement with, and situated perceptions of, their territory. I describe the process that led me to build Moving Lightly over the Earth, a cinematic map of Sulcis Iglesiente through which I explored how women and men in the area who lost their jobs as a result of the process of its deindustrialization give specific meaning to the territory, relating it to memories of their past and hopes and desires for the future.

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