scholarly journals Decadal regime shift linkage between global marine fish landings and atmospheric planetary wave forcing

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 945-989
Author(s):  
A. M. Powell ◽  
J. Xu
Keyword(s):  
Wind Stress ◽  
Planetary Wave ◽  
Surface Wind ◽  
Ocean Surface ◽  
Regime Shifts ◽  
Planetary Waves ◽  
Marine Life ◽  
Surface Wind Stress ◽  
Ocean Surface Wind ◽  
Ocean Wind

Abstract. This investigation focuses on a global forcing mechanism for decadal regime shifts and their subsequent impacts. The proposed global forcing mechanism is the global atmospheric planetary waves that can lead to changes in the global surface air–sea conditions and subsequently fishery changes. In this study, the five decadal regime shifts (1956–1957, 1964–1965, 1977–1978, 1988–1989, and 1998–1999) in the recent 59 years (1950–2008) have been identified based on student t tests and their association with global marine ecosystem change has been discussed. Changes in the three major oceanic (Pacific, Atlantic and Indian) ecosystems will be explored with the goal of demonstrating the linkage between stratospheric planetary waves and the ocean surface forcing that leads to fisheries impacts. Due to the multidisciplinary audience, the global forcing mechanism is described from a top-down approach to help the multidisciplinary audience follow the analysis. Following previous work, this analysis addresses how changes in the atmospheric planetary waves may influence the vertical wind structure, surface wind stress, and their connection with the global ocean ecosystems based on a coupling of the atmospheric regime shifts with the decadal regime shifts determined from marine life changes. The multiple decadal regime shifts related to changes in marine life are discussed using the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization's (FAO) global fish capture data (catch/stock). Analyses are performed to demonstrate the interactions between the atmosphere, ocean, and fisheries are a plausible approach to explaining decadal climate change in the global marine ecosystems and its impacts. The results show a consistent mechanism, ocean wind stress, responsible for marine shifts in the three major ocean basins. Changes in the planetary wave pattern affect the ocean wind stress patterns. A change in the ocean surface wind pattern from long wave (relatively smooth and less complex) to shorter wave (more convoluted and more complex) ocean surface wind stress creates changes in the ocean marine fisheries.

scholarly journals Decadal regime shift linkage between global marine fish landings and atmospheric planetary wave forcing

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Powell ◽  
J. Xu
Keyword(s):  
Wind Stress ◽  
Planetary Wave ◽  
Surface Wind ◽  
Ocean Surface ◽  
Regime Shifts ◽  
Planetary Waves ◽  
Marine Life ◽  
Surface Wind Stress ◽  
Ocean Surface Wind ◽  
Ocean Wind

Abstract. This investigation focuses on a global forcing mechanism for decadal regime shifts and their subsequent impacts. The proposed global forcing mechanism is that the global atmospheric planetary waves can lead to changes in the global surface air–sea conditions and subsequently fishery changes. In this study, the five decadal regime shifts (1956–1957, 1964–1965, 1977–1978, 1988–1989, and 1998–1999) in the most recent 59-year period (1950–2008) have been identified based on Student t tests and their association with global marine ecosystem change has been discussed. Changes in the three major oceanic (Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian) ecosystems will be explored with the goal of demonstrating the linkage between stratospheric planetary waves and the ocean surface forcing that leads to fisheries impacts. The global forcing mechanism is described with a top-down approach to help the multidisciplinary audience follow the analysis. Following previous work, this analysis addresses how changes in the atmospheric planetary waves may influence the vertical wind structure, surface wind stress, and their connection with the global ocean ecosystems based on a coupling of the atmospheric regime shifts with the decadal regime shifts determined from marine life changes. The multiple decadal regime shifts related to changes in marine life are discussed using the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization's (FAO) global fish capture data (catch/stock). Analyses are performed to demonstrate that examining the interactions between the atmosphere, ocean, and fisheries is a plausible approach to explaining decadal climate change in the global marine ecosystems and its impacts. The results show a consistent mechanism, ocean wind stress, responsible for marine shifts in the three major ocean basins. Changes in the planetary wave pattern affect the ocean wind stress patterns. A change in the ocean surface wind pattern from longwave (relatively smooth and less complex) to shorter-wave (more convoluted and more complex) ocean surface wind stress creates changes in global marine fisheries.

Directional attributes of the ocean surface wind stress vector

1993 ◽  
Vol 98 (C9) ◽  
pp. 16571 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. L. Geernaert ◽  
Finn Hansen ◽  
Michael Courtney ◽  
Tom Herbers
Keyword(s):  
Wind Stress ◽  
Surface Wind ◽  
Ocean Surface ◽  
Stress Vector ◽  
Surface Wind Stress ◽  
Ocean Surface Wind

Ocean surface wind, wind stress, and drag coefficient remote sensing by SAR

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingsong Yang ◽  
Weigen Huang ◽  
Qingmei Xiao ◽  
Changbao Zhou ◽  
Paris W. Vachon
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Drag Coefficient ◽  
Wind Stress ◽  
Surface Wind ◽  
Ocean Surface ◽  
Ocean Surface Wind

scholarly journals Improved ocean wind forcing products

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rianne Giesen ◽  
Ana Trindade ◽  
Marcos Portabella ◽  
Ad Stoffelen
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Weather Prediction ◽  
Surface Wind ◽  
Ocean Surface ◽  
Ocean Model ◽  
Wind Forcing ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Wind Fields ◽  
Ocean Surface Wind ◽  
Ocean Wind

<p>The ocean surface wind plays an essential role in the exchange of heat, gases and momentum at the atmosphere-ocean interface. It is therefore crucial to accurately represent this wind forcing in physical ocean model simulations. Scatterometers provide high-resolution ocean surface wind observations, but have limited spatial and temporal coverage. On the other hand, numerical weather prediction (NWP) model wind fields have better coverage in time and space, but do not resolve the small-scale variability in the air-sea fluxes. In addition, Belmonte Rivas and Stoffelen (2019) documented substantial systematic error in global NWP fields on both small and large scales, using scatterometer observations as a reference.</p><p>Trindade et al. (2019) combined the strong points of scatterometer observations and atmospheric model wind fields into ERA*, a new ocean wind forcing product. ERA* uses temporally-averaged differences between geolocated scatterometer wind data and European Centre for Medium-range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) reanalysis fields to correct for persistent local NWP wind vector biases. Verified against independent observations, ERA* reduced the variance of differences by 20% with respect to the uncorrected NWP fields. As ERA* has a high potential for improving ocean model forcing in the CMEMS Model Forecasting Centre (MFC) products, it is a candidate for a future CMEMS Level 4 (L4) wind product. We present the ongoing work to further improve the ERA* product and invite potential users to discuss their L4 product requirements.</p><p>References:</p><p>Belmonte Rivas, M. and A. Stoffelen (2019): <em>Characterizing ERA-Interim and ERA5 surface wind biases using ASCAT</em>, Ocean Sci., 15, 831–852, doi: 10.5194/os-15-831-2019.</p><p>Trindade, A., M. Portabella, A. Stoffelen, W. Lin and A. Verhoef (2019), <em>ERAstar: A High-Resolution Ocean Forcing Product</em>, IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., 1-11, doi: 10.1109/TGRS.2019.2946019.</p>

Contrasting sources of variability in subtropical and subpolar Atlantic overturning

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yavor Kostov ◽  
Helen L. Johnson ◽  
David P. Marshall ◽  
Gael Forget ◽  
Patrick Heimbach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wind Stress ◽  
Ocean Circulation ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Surface Wind ◽  
Circulation Model ◽  
Ocean Surface ◽  
Meridional Overturning Circulation ◽  
Surface Wind Stress ◽  
History Of ◽  
Meridional Overturning

<p><strong>The Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) is pivotal for regional and global climate due to its key role in the uptake and redistribution of heat, carbon and other tracers. Establishing the causes of historical variability in the AMOC can tell us how the circulation responds to natural and anthropogenic changes at the ocean surface. However, attributing observed AMOC variability and inferring causal relationships is challenging because the circulation is influenced by multiple factors which co-vary and whose overlapping impacts can persist for years.  Here we reconstruct and unambiguously attribute variability in the AMOC at the latitudes of two observational arrays to the recent history of surface wind stress, temperature and salinity. We use a state-of-the-art technique that computes space- and time-varying sensitivity patterns of the AMOC strength with respect to multiple surface properties from a numerical ocean circulation model constrained by observations. While on inter-annual timescales, AMOC variability at 26°N is overwhelmingly dominated by a linear response to local wind stress, in contrast, AMOC variability at subpolar latitudes is generated by both wind stress and surface temperature and salinity anomalies. Our analysis allows us to obtain the first-ever reconstruction of subpolar AMOC from forcing anomalies at the ocean surface.</strong></p>

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