scholarly journals Assessing the resiliency of surface water and groundwater systems under groundwater pumping

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seung Beom Seo ◽  
Gnanamanikam Mahinthakumar ◽  
Sankarasubramanian Arumugam ◽  
Mukesh Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Hydrologic Model ◽  
State Variables ◽  
Groundwater Pumping ◽  
Conjunctive Management ◽  
Surface Water And Groundwater ◽  
Groundwater Systems ◽  
Climate Forcings ◽  
Fully Coupled

Abstract. Since surface water and groundwater systems are fully coupled and integrated systems, increased groundwater withdrawal during drought may reduce groundwater discharges into the stream, thereby prolonging both systems’ recovery from drought. To analyze watershed response to basin-level groundwater pumping, we propose an uncertainty framework to understand the resiliency of groundwater and surface water systems using a fully-coupled hydrologic model under transient pumping. The proposed framework incorporates uncertainties in initial conditions to develop robust estimates of restoration times of both surface water and groundwater systems and quantifies how pumping impacts state variables such as soil moisture. Groundwater pumping impacts over a watershed were also analyzed under different pumping volumes and different potential climate scenarios. Our analyses show that groundwater restoration time is more sensitive to variability in climate forcings as opposed to changes in pumping volumes. After the cessation of pumping, streamflow recovers quickly in comparison to groundwater, which has higher persistence. Pumping impacts on various hydrologic variables were also discussed. Given that surface water and groundwater are inter-connected, optimal management of the both resources should be considered to improve the watershed resiliency under drought. Potential for developing optimal conjunctive management plans using seasonal-to-interannual climate forecasts is also discussed.

scholarly journals Analyzing streamflow changes: irrigation-enhanced interaction between aquifer and streamflow in the Republican River Basin

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 7783-7807 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Zeng ◽  
X. Cai
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Slow Component ◽  
Return Flow ◽  
Groundwater Pumping ◽  
Conjunctive Management ◽  
Surface Water And Groundwater ◽  
Republican River ◽  
Irrigation Return Flow ◽  
Republican River Basin

Abstract. Groundwater-fed irrigation has altered surface and groundwater interactions, calling for conjunctive management of surface water and groundwater resources in many areas, including the Republican River Basin (RRB) in Midwest of the US, where agriculture heavily depends on irrigation. The decreasing flow trend recorded at the RRB gauging stations since 1950s reflects the synthetical effect of dynamic interactions between surface water and groundwater systems, which has been enhanced by groundwater pumping and irrigation return flow. This study uses a systematic modeling approach to analyze the conjunctive effects of pumping and return flow on streamflow. A watershed management model, Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT), is modified and established for the Frenchman Creek Basin (FCB), a sub-basin of RRB, to examine the causes of streamflow changes. The baseflow component in SWAT is linked to aquifer storage so that the model can simulate the combined effect of groundwater pumping and irrigation return flow on natural streamflow. Results show that irrigation has not only depleted streamflow but also changed the flow pattern and seasonal variability. The changes can be decomposed into decrease in the slow component (baseflow) and increase in the fast components (surface and subsurface flow). Since the fast components are subject to higher variability than the slow component, the annual streamflow variability is amplified. Agricultural water use in this region also has changed the groundwater storage seasonal regime from the pattern of "summer-recharge and winter-discharge" in the past to "summer-discharge and winter-recharge" at present. This challenges the existing groundwater modelling which usually assumes fixed recharge pattern and rates.

Characterising the role of heterogeneity on surface water-groundwater interaction in the Permo-Triassic Sandstone aquifers of the Eden Valley, NW England

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Colyer ◽  
Adrian Butler ◽  
Denis Peach ◽  
Andrew Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Surface Runoff ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Seismic Survey ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Surface Water And Groundwater ◽  
Flow Processes ◽  
Groundwater Systems ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Triassic Sandstone

<p>The Permo-Triassic Sandstone aquifers of the Eden Valley, Cumbria UK, are a key water resource for public water supply in NW England as well as local agriculture and industries. Permo-Triassic Sandstone aquifers are characterised as having large storage capacities and moderate transmissivities, however, in the Eden Valley these characteristics vary greatly on a range of scales i.e. granulation seams (deformation bands) that are millimetres thick but have been shown to extend for hundreds of metres on analogous sandstones; silicified layers that are several metres thick and extending 10s to 100s of metres laterally; and lithological variation and faulting have been shown to juxtapose hydrogeological units with different hydraulic properties. Complex heterogeneous superficial deposits overlay 75% of the Permo-Triassic Sandstone aquifers and comprise glacial till, glacio-fluvial outwash deposits, river terrace deposits and alluvium. The lateral and vertical continuity of these superficial deposits is highly uncertain.</p><p> </p><p>The complex geological and superficial deposits in the Eden Valley impose a control on flow processes and impact sub-surface runoff. Specifically, lenses of high conductivity sands and gravels within low conductivity clay till deposits coupled with the presence of low conductivity strata at ground level suggests that indirect recharge is an important sub-surface runoff component. Therefore, the magnitude and location of recharge to the Permo-Triassic Sandstone aquifers is highly uncertain. Published recharge estimates rely on baseflow separation techniques and thus do not distinguish between indirect and direct recharge. This highlights the uncertainty regarding the sub-surface flow processes active in the Eden Valley.</p><p> </p><p>A methodology for characterizing the surface water – groundwater interaction spatially and temporally in an ungauged upland sub-catchment is presented.</p><p> </p><p>A non-invasive approach has been implemented to investigate the relationship between the surface water and groundwater systems in the Eden Valley. This involved the design and installation of low-cost ultrasonic sensors that measure stream stage. The sensors have been installed at key locations within sub-catchments that incorporate limestone pavements, geological contacts and along fault trends in the headwaters of the Eden Valley. Flow gauging has been conducted along the reach of these streams to investigate the spatial variation in discharge. Data from the low-cost sensors and flow gauging have been used to estimate the magnitude of volumetric water exchange between the surface water and groundwater systems, as well as characterise this relationship spatially and temporally.</p><p> </p><p>The thickness and composition of the superficial deposits along these stream reaches will be investigated via passive seismic survey. The superficial investigation and the volumetric water balance will be used to estimate indirect recharge in the upper Eden catchment. The results of which will be compared to localised recharge estimates calculated from groundwater level timeseries. This comparison will indicate the importance of indirect recharge within sub-surface runoff processes.</p><p> </p><p>This ongoing research is a vital step in quantifying the relationship between the surface water and groundwater systems in a complex upland catchment. A knowledge of the active sub-surface runoff processes highlighted are key for reliably assessing the long-term security of groundwater resources in the Eden Valley.</p>

scholarly journals Research on Hydrogeochemical Characteristics and Transformation Relationships between Surface Water and Groundwater in the Weihe River

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jihong Qu ◽  
Shibao Lu ◽  
Zhipeng Gao ◽  
Wujin Li ◽  
Zhiping Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Major Ions ◽  
Shallow Groundwater ◽  
Hydrograph Separation ◽  
Surface Water And Groundwater ◽  
Piper Trilinear Diagram ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Weihe River ◽  
Groundwater Systems ◽  
Δd And Δ18o

Abstract. The transforming relationship between surface water and groundwater as well as their origins are the basis for studying the transport of pollutants in river-groundwater systems. A typical section of the river was chosen to sample the surface water and shallow groundwater. Then, a Piper trilinear diagram, Gibbs diagram, ratios of major ions, factor analysis, cluster analysis and other methods were used to investigate the hydrogeochemical evolution of surface water and groundwater and determine the formation of hydrogeochemical components in different water bodies. Based on the distribution characteristics of hydrogen and oxygen stable isotopes δD and δ18O and discharge hydrograph separation methods, the relationship between surface water and groundwater in the Weihe River was analyzed. The results indicated that the river water is a SO4·Cl—Na type and that the groundwater hydrogeochemical types are not the same. The dominant anions are HCO3− in the upstream reaches and are SO42− and Cl− in downstream reaches. Hydrogeochemical processes include evaporation and concentration, weathering of rocks, ion exchange, and dissolution infiltration reactions. The δD and δ18O of surface water change little along the river and are more enriched than are those of the groundwater. With the influences of precipitation, irrigation, river recharge and evaporation, the δD and δ18O of shallow groundwater at different sections are not the same. There is a close relationship between the surface water and groundwater. Surface water supplies the groundwater, which provides the hydrodynamic conditions for the entry of pollutants into the aquifer.

scholarly journals Improvement of Modeled Soil Wetness Conditions and Turbulent Fluxes through the Assimilation of Observed Discharge

2006 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 458-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentijn R. N. Pauwels ◽  
Gabriëlle J. M. De Lannoy
Keyword(s):  
Ensemble Kalman Filter ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Turbulent Fluxes ◽  
Hydrologic Model ◽  
Precipitation Data ◽  
State Variables ◽  
Discharge Data ◽  
The Past ◽  
Soil Wetness ◽  
Forecast State

Abstract The objective of this paper is to improve the performance of a hydrologic model through the assimilation of observed discharge. Since an observation of discharge at a certain time is always influenced by the catchment wetness conditions and meteorology in the past, the assimilation method will have to modify both the past and present soil wetness conditions. For this purpose, a bias-corrected retrospective ensemble Kalman filter has been used as the assimilation algorithm. The assimilation methodology takes into account bias in the forecast state variables for the calculation of the optimal estimates. A set of twin experiments has been developed, in which it is attempted to correct the model results obtained with erroneous initial conditions and strongly over- and underestimated precipitation data. The results suggest that the assimilation of observed discharge can correct for erroneous model initial conditions. When the precipitation used to force the model is underestimated, the assimilation of observed discharge can reduce the bias in the modeled turbulent fluxes by approximately 50%. This is due to a correction of the modeled soil moisture. In the case of an overestimation of the precipitation, an improvement in the modeled wetness conditions is also obtained after data assimilation, but this does not lead to a significant improvement in the modeled energy balance. The results in this paper indicate that there is potential to improve the estimation of hydrologic states and fluxes through the assimilation of observed discharge data.

scholarly journals Integrated Surface Water and Groundwater Analysis under the Effects of Climate Change, Hydraulic Fracturing and its Associated Activities: A Case Study from Northwestern Alberta, Canada

Hydrology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 70
Author(s):  
Gopal Chandra Saha ◽  
Michael Quinn
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Hydraulic Fracturing ◽  
Stream Flow ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Groundwater Discharge ◽  
Hydrologic Model ◽  
Future Climate Change ◽  
Surface Water And Groundwater ◽  
Simulation Results

This study assessed how hydraulic fracturing (HF) (water withdrawals from nearby river water source) and its associated activities (construction of well pads) would affect surface water and groundwater in 2021–2036 under changing climate (RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios of the CanESM2) in a shale gas and oil play area (23,984.9 km2) of northwestern Alberta, Canada. An integrated hydrologic model (MIKE-SHE and MIKE-11 models), and a cumulative effects landscape simulator (ALCES) were used for this assessment. The simulation results show an increase in stream flow and groundwater discharge in 2021–2036 under both RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios with respect to those under the base modeling period (2000–2012). This occurs because of the increased precipitation and temperature predicted in the study area under both RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios. The results found that HF has very small (less than 1%) subtractive impacts on stream flow in 2021–2036 because of the large size of the study area, although groundwater discharge would increase minimally (less than 1%) due to the increase in the gradient between groundwater and surface water systems. The simulation results also found that the construction of well pads related to HF have very small (less than 1%) additive impacts on stream flow and groundwater discharge due to the non-significant changes in land use. The obtained results from this study provide valuable information for effective long-term water resources decision making in terms of seasonal and annual water extractions from the river, and allocation of water to the oil and gas industries for HF in the study area to meet future energy demand considering future climate change.

Understanding topography-driven groundwater flow using fully-coupled surface-water and groundwater modeling

2021 ◽  
pp. 125950
Author(s):  
Xin Dai ◽  
Yueqing Xie ◽  
Craig T. Simmons ◽  
Steve Berg ◽  
Yanhui Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Groundwater Flow ◽  
Groundwater Modeling ◽  
Surface Water And Groundwater ◽  
Fully Coupled
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