scholarly journals HESS Opinions: How should a future water census address consumptive use? (And where can we substitute withdrawal data while we wait?)

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 5551-5558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin L. Ruddell
Keyword(s):  
Water Use ◽  
Data Model ◽  
Use Cases ◽  
Applied Water ◽  
Water Balance Equation ◽  
Consumptive Use ◽  
Consumptive Water Use ◽  
Consumptive Water ◽  
Hydrology And Water Resources ◽  
Scale Data

Abstract. Despite the centrality of the water balance equation to hydrology and water resources, in 2018 we still lack adequate empirical observations of consumptive use of water by humans and their economy. It is therefore worth considering what we can do with the withdrawal-based water use data we already possess, and what future water census measurements would be required to more accurately quantify consumptive use for the most common mesoscale use cases. The limitations of the currently applied simple net consumptive use (SNCU) assumptions are discussed for several common use cases. Fortunately, several applied water management, economics, and policy questions can be sufficiently addressed using currently available withdrawal numbers in place of water consumption numbers. This discussion clarifies the broad requirements for an improved “stock and flow” census-scale data model for consumptive water use. While we are waiting for the eventual arrival of a more sophisticated water census, the withdrawal data we already possess are sufficient for some of our most important scientific and applied purposes.

scholarly journals When is water withdrawal data enough?

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin L. Ruddell
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Water Withdrawal ◽  
Science And Engineering ◽  
Applied Water ◽  
Water Balance Equation ◽  
Consumptive Use ◽  
Special Cases ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Common

Abstract. Despite the centrality of the water balance equation to hydrologic and hydraulic science and engineering, in 2018 we lack empirical observations of consumptive use of water by humans and their economy. It is therefore worth considering what we can do with the withdrawal-based water use data we already possess, and what future measurements would be required to more accurately quantify consumptive use for the most common cases of human water use at census scales of space and time. Fortunately, a wide range applied water management and policy questions can be addressed using currently available withdrawal numbers. When a more advanced water use census is implemented, Simple Net Consumptive Use (SNCU) methods are insufficient for most common cases of human water use. Presented here are the common special cases that complicate consumptive use calculations. This discussion clarifies the problems we need to solve to measure humans’ consumptive use of water at census scales, and argues that – while we are waiting for these data – the withdrawal data we already possess are adequate for some of our most important scientific and applied purposes.

scholarly journals Consumptive water use to feed humanity - curing a blind spot

2005 ◽  
Vol 9 (1/2) ◽  
pp. 15-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Falkenmark ◽  
M. Lannerstad
Keyword(s):  
Land Cover ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Environmental Flow ◽  
Land Cover Changes ◽  
Runoff Generation ◽  
Human Right ◽  
Consumptive Use ◽  
Consumptive Water Use ◽  
Flow Reserve ◽  
Consumptive Water

Abstract. Since in large parts of the world it is getting difficult to meet growing water demands by mobilising more water, the discourse has turned its focus to demand management, governance and the necessary concern for aquatic ecosystems by reserving an "environmental flow" in the river. The latter calls for attention to river depletion which may be expected in response to changes in consumptive water use by both natural and anthropogenic systems. Basically, consumptive use has three faces: runoff generation influenced by land cover changes; consumptive use of water withdrawn; and evaporation from water systems (reservoirs, canals, river based cooling). After demonstrating the vulnerability to changes in consumptive use under savanna region conditions - representative of many poverty and hunger prone developing countries subject to attention in the Millennium Development Goal activities - the paper exemplifies; 1) changes in runoff generation in response to regional scale land cover changes; 2) consumptive use in large scale irrigation systems. It goes on to analyse the implications of seeing food as a human right by estimating the additional consumptive use requirements to produce food for the next two generations. Attention is paid to remaining degrees of freedom in terms of uncommitted water beyond an environmental flow reserve and to potential food trade consequences (so-called virtual water). The paper concludes that a human-right-to-food principle will have major consequences in terms of altered consumptive water use. It will therefore be essential for humanity to address river depletion to avoid loss of resilience of the life support system. This will demand a deep-going cooperation between hydrology, ecology and water governance.

scholarly journals Water consumption of cotton in the semi arid tracts of India

MAUSAM ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-68
Author(s):  
S. SENGUPTA ◽  
H. P. DAS ◽  
A. A. KALE
Keyword(s):  
Water Use ◽  
Potential Evapotranspiration ◽  
Shortwave Radiation ◽  
Vegetative Cover ◽  
Cotton Crop ◽  
Consumptive Use ◽  
Consumptive Water Use ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Consumptive Water ◽  
Semi Arid

In the present study, evapotranspiration and other agrometeorological data for three different locations, viz., Akola. Bellary and Kovilpatti have been utilized to understand consumptive use and related aspects of cotton. Ratios of evapotranspiration to potential evapotranspiration (ET/PET) and evapotranspiration to total shortwave radiation (ET/Rs) increase gradually as the vegetative cover develops and shows year to year variation at same location. The energy summation indices have been worked out for all the three stations which indicate that the total yields are more dependent on consumptive water use by crop rather than energy summation indices.. The water use efficiency (WUE) of cotton crop also reveals wide variations in time and space.

scholarly journals Consumptive water use to feed humanity – curing a blind spot

2004 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Falkenmark ◽  
M. Lannerstad
Keyword(s):  
Land Cover ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Environmental Flow ◽  
Land Cover Changes ◽  
Runoff Generation ◽  
Human Right ◽  
Consumptive Use ◽  
Consumptive Water Use ◽  
Flow Reserve ◽  
Consumptive Water

Abstract. Since in large parts of the world it is getting difficult to meet growing water demands by mobilising more water, the discourse has turned its focus to demand management, governance and the necessary concern for aquatic ecosystems by reserving an "environmental flow" in the river. The latter calls for attention to river depletion which may be expected in response to changes in consumptive water use by both natural and anthropogenic systems. Basically, consumptive use has three faces: runoff generation influenced by land cover changes; consumptive use of water withdrawn; and evaporation from water systems (reservoirs, canals, river based cooling). After demonstrating the vulnerability to changes in consumptive use under savanna region conditions – representative of many poverty and hunger prone developing countries subject to attention in the Millennium Development Goal activities – the paper exemplifies 1) changes in runoff generation in response to regional scale land cover changes; 2) consumptive use in large scale irrigation systems. It goes on to analyse the implications of seeing food as a human right by estimating the additional consumptive use requirements to produce food for the next two generations. Attention is paid to remaining degrees of freedom in terms of uncommitted water beyond an environmental flow reserve and to potential food trade consequences (so-called virtual water). The paper concludes that a human-right-to-food principle will have major consequences in terms of altered consumptive water use. It will therefore be essential for humanity to address river depletion to avoid loss of resilience of the life support system. This will demand a deep-going cooperation between hydrology, ecology and water governance.

Decadal gross level assessment of green and blue consumptive water use over Indian agro-ecosystems

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (17) ◽  
pp. 6628-6669
Author(s):  
Indrani Choudhury ◽  
B.K. Bhattacharya ◽  
R. Eswar ◽  
M. Sekhar
Keyword(s):  
Water Use ◽  
Consumptive Water Use ◽  
Consumptive Water

CONSUMPTIVE WATER USE OF RAINFED MAIZE IN NIGERIA

1986 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.O. Ojo ◽  
M. Ijioma ◽  
A.O. Ojo
Keyword(s):  
Water Use ◽  
Consumptive Water Use ◽  
Consumptive Water

scholarly journals Opportunities for saving and reallocating agricultural water to alleviate water scarcity

Water Policy ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 886-907 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian D. Richter ◽  
James D. Brown ◽  
Rachel DiBenedetto ◽  
Adrianna Gorsky ◽  
Emily Keenan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Use ◽  
Water Scarcity ◽  
Water Saving ◽  
Internet Survey ◽  
Irrigated Agriculture ◽  
Irrigation Systems ◽  
Water Savings ◽  
Consumptive Water Use ◽  
Water Scarce ◽  
Consumptive Water

As water scarcity worsens globally, there is growing interest in finding ways to reduce water consumption, and for reallocating water savings to other uses including environmental restoration. Because irrigated agriculture is responsible for more than 90% of all consumptive water use in water-scarce regions, much attention is being focused on opportunities to save water on irrigated farms. At the same time, many recent journal articles have expressed concern that claims of water-saving potential in irrigation systems lack technical credibility, or are at least exaggerated, due to failures to properly account for key elements of water budgets such as return flows. Critics have also asserted that opportunities for reallocating irrigation savings to other uses are limited because any freed-up water is taken up by other farmers. A comprehensive literature and internet survey was undertaken to identify well-documented studies of water-saving strategies in irrigated agriculture, as well as a review of case studies in which water savings have been successfully transferred to other uses. Our findings suggest that there is in fact considerable potential to reduce consumptive water use in irrigation systems when proper consideration is given to water budget accounting, and those savings can be beneficially reallocated to other purposes.

Effect of some selected soil properties, moisture content, yield and consumptive water use on two Cassava (TMS 0581 and TME 419) varieties

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher O. Akinbile ◽  
Remigius C. Eze ◽  
Habeeb Yusuf ◽  
Babatunde S. Ewulo ◽  
Adeniyi Olayanju
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Particle Density ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Crop Coefficient ◽  
Consumptive Water Use ◽  
Cassava Plant ◽  
Consumptive Water

The increasing demand of Cassava for our dietary needs and shortage experienced going by the burgeoning global population is a cause for concern that require urgent attention. The study therefore considered the effect of some selected soil properties, nutrients, moisture content, yield and consumptive water use (CWU) on two selected Cassava varieties TMS 0581 and TME 419 respectively. The design was a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) of four treatments and three replicates. Treatment A had fertigation, B used poultry manure, C employed NPK, 15-15-15 while D with no treatment was used as control. Soil properties such as Bulk Density (BD), Particle Density (PD), soil classification and nutrients such as Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC), Organic Matter (OM), Nitrogen (N), Potassium (K) and others were determined using standard procedures. Penman-Monteith (PM) model was used in estimating reference evapotranspiration (ETr) while its product with crop coefficient (Kc) produced crop evapotranspiration (ETc). Moisture content was measured at depths 10, 20 and 30 cm respectively while water use efficiency (WUE), irrigation water applied and tuber yield were also determined. The findings of this study showed that all the soil properties were within permissible levels to encourage optimum agronomic development of Cassava plant and the class was entirely a loamy soil which permits well-developed roottuber configuration. Tuber yields varied from 21.96 Kg to 25.13 Kg for TMS 0581 variety while TME 419 had 17.04 Kg to 31.63 Kg in all the treatments. Deficiencies were observed in some of the nutrients which were replenished with the introduction of the fertilizers among the plots. Moisture content at 30 cm depth is suggestive of adequate water availability sufficient enough to encourage proper tuber development for optimum yield while fertigation technique was adjudged the best as it improved Cassava Tuberization and WUE in all the treatments considered.

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