scholarly journals A brief history of ball lightning observations by scientists and trained professionals

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-56
Author(s):  
Alexander G. Keul

Abstract. With thousands of eyewitness reports, but few instrumental records and no consensus about a theory, ball lightning remains an unsolved problem in atmospheric physics. As chances to monitor this transient phenomenon are low, it seems promising to evaluate observation reports by scientists and trained professionals. The following work compiles 20 published case histories and adds 15 from the author's work and 6 from a Russian database. Forty-one cases from eight countries, 1868–2020, are presented in abstract form with a synthesis. The collection of cases does not claim to be complete. Six influential or notable ball lightning cases are added. It is concluded that well-documented cases from trained observers can promote fieldwork and stimulate and evaluate ball lightning theories. Scientists who have not reported their experience are invited to share it with the author.

1987 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.C. Kilpatrick ◽  
E.C. Jazwinska ◽  
W.A. Liston ◽  
G.E. Smart

Two case histories are described with conflicting implications for the etiopathogenesis of pre-eclampsia. In both, typical proteinuric pre-eclampsia developed despite a history of previous normotensive pregnancy. In the first case, the disease was associated with a change of husband, consistent with the view that pre-eclampsia arises from an inadequate maternal immune response to paternal antigens inherited by the fetus. The second case, however, concerned a woman who developed pre-eclampsia for the first time in her third pregnancy by the same reproductive partner. We conclude that either more than one underlying cause can result in the clinical syndrome of pre-eclampsia, or that pre-eclampsia is caused by an environmental factor. The possibility that pre-eclampsia may be initiated by an infectious agent is briefly explored in the light of the clinical histories described and well-established epidemiological, clinical and laboratory data.


1975 ◽  
Vol 20 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 67-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. W. Wootton ◽  
R. I. Bailey

The use of clomipramine in a large suburban general practice is reviewed. Three hundred and fifty patients have been treated to date out of a total practice population of twenty-one thousand. It is argued that phobic anxiety states are much commoner than is normally supposed and that they are usually associated with a history of separation or rejection in childhood. A combined treatment regime is employed for one month thereafter clomipramine alone is used. Side-effects may initially present a problem although they may not all be truly drug induced. Some patients use side-effects to manipulate the clinical situation. However proper interpretative management of side effects can assist the clinicians in persuading patients to continue therapy. Some impressive results have been obtained with clomipramine therapy. Illustrative case histories are provided.


2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (31) ◽  
pp. 51-55
Author(s):  
Каркусова ◽  
Alla Karkusova

A comparative analysis of clinical and genetic relationship pathology of amniotic fluid and congenital malformations during the study 12150 case histories of women aged 16 to 45 years. To identify the disease heritability amount of amniotic fluid and to establish relationships with congenital fetal development floggings calculation of direct and indirect correlations between them. Was used the estimation of the genetic community pathological content of the amniotic fluid and malformations, which amounted to 27.9% at oligohydramnios, at polyhydramnios - 25.8%, which allows women who have a history of pregnancy with abnormal content of amniotic fluid to send to the institution of medico-genetic consultation in order to get the recommendations for planning future pregnancies.


Geophysics ◽  
1946 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-291
Author(s):  
Henry C. Cortes

As an introduction to the subject, I wish to review certain aspects pertaining to exploration and to the history of the Society of Exploration Geophysicists.


Nature ◽  
1963 ◽  
Vol 198 (4882) ◽  
pp. 745-747 ◽  
Author(s):  
STANLEY SINGER

Author(s):  
Peyman Shirani ◽  
Ali Jawaid ◽  
Paolo Moretti ◽  
Elham Lahijani ◽  
Alicia R. Salamone ◽  
...  

Background:The etiology of complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is unknown. Different environmental and genetic factors have been postulated to contribute to CRPS.Methods:We reviewed the clinical data from a cohort of 69 patients with CRPS. Four families were identified with two or more members affected with CRPS yielding a total of nine patients. Six more patients reported the presence of pain symptoms in their family members, however; this could not be clinically confirmed.Results:The case histories of the nine individuals with ‘familial’ CRPS suggested a younger age at onset and more frequent history of migraine versus the non-familial patients. A pattern of inheritance could not be ascertained.Conclusion:This data supports the hypothesis that CRPS can be familial and hence may have a genetic basis in some families. Larger studies will be needed to ascertain clearer patterns of inheritance and to determine whether the clinical features of ‘familial’ CRPS are the same as the sporadic form.


2005 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Philip Gunn ◽  
Telma De Barros Correia

Em razão da predominância da produção voltada para a exportação de bens agrícolas, tais como açúcar, café e algodão, a industrialização brasileira no século XIX e na primeira metade do século XX foi parcial, tanto em seu conteúdo quanto em sua extensão geográfica. A expansão da economia do café e a chegada, no final do século XVII, de um novo e centralizado processo de transformação industrial da cana-de-açúcar sustentou a dominância da produção de exportáveis, permitindo o surgimento de um setor industrial têxtil que se expandiu geográfica e economicamente no século XX. A ausência de informação censitária industrial para o período que antecede o ano de 1920 impediu a realização de estudos mais gerais sobre a história industrial brasileira. O presente artigo trata da evolução histórica da indústria brasileira do ponto de vista da dimensão espacial dos estabelecimentos industriais, no que diz respeito às instalações residenciais, de serviços e da mão-de-obra. Desde 1996, um arquivo contendo dados sobre assentamentos industriais com vila operária foi parcialmente elaborado abrangendo mais de 80% do território brasileiro. Esse material permitiu uma descrição geral dos estabelecimentos industriais em cada região do Brasil no período de 1810 até o presente.Palavras-chave: Geografia Industrial; arqueologia industrial; vila operária. Abstract: Because of the predominance of rural export production of commodities such as sugar, coffee and cotton, the history of Brazilian industrialization in the XIX and the firs half of the XX centuries has tended to be partial both in its thematic and in its geographical extent. The expansion of a coffee economy and the late eighteenth century arrival of new industrial centralized sugar cane processing sustained the dominance of export commodity production while allowing the emergence of an industrial textile sector which expanded geographically and economically in the XX century. The absence of industrial census information before 1920 has inhibited general surveys of industrial history. The current paper attempts to address this historical evolution from the particular viewpoint of industrial settlement with characteristics which contained an urban dimension in terms of work force housing and social facilities. Since 1996 an archive of industrial settlements with housing provision has been partially elaborated for more than 80% of the country’s territory. The article has been based on ongoing site visits and bibliographic research on accumulated case histories of industrial establishments in each region in the period of 1810 up to the present.Keywords: Industrial Geography; industrial archeology; company-town.


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