scholarly journals IMAGE CLASSIFICATION FOR MAPPING OIL PALM DISTRIBUTION VIA SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINE USING SCIKIT-LEARN MODULE

Author(s):  
N. S. N. Shaharum ◽  
H. Z. M. Shafri ◽  
W. A. W. A. K. Ghani ◽  
S. Samsatli ◽  
B. Yusuf ◽  
...  

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> The world has been alarmed with the global warming effects. Global warming has been a distress towards the environment, thus shorten the Earth’s lifespan. It is a challenging task to reduce the global warming effects in a short period, knowing that the human population is increasing along with the electricity and energy demand. In order to reduce the effects, renewable energy is presented as an alternative method to produce energy in a way that will not harm the environment. Oil palm is one of the agricultural crops that produces huge amount of biomass which can be processed and used as a renewable energy source. In 2016, Malaysia has reported over 5 million hectares of land were covered by oil palm plantations. Placing Malaysia as the second largest country of oil palm producer in the world has given it an advantage to produce renewable energy source. However, there is a need to monitor the sustainability of oil palm plantations in Malaysia via effective mapping approaches. This study utilised two different platforms (open source and commercial) using a machine learning algorithm namely Support Vector Machine (SVM) to perform oil palm mapping. An open source Python programming-based technique utilising Scikit-learn module was performed to map the oil palm distribution and the result produced had an overall accuracy of 91.39%. To support and validate the efficiency of the Python programming-based image classification, a commercial remote sensing software (ENVI) was used and compared by implementing the same SVM algorithm and the result showed an overall accuracy of 98.21%.</p>

Author(s):  
U. A. Adekola ◽  
I. Eiroboyi ◽  
Y. Yerima ◽  
T. E. B. Akinmoji ◽  
L. O. Uti

The need for an environmentally friendly energy source in the world has led to major diversification in renewable energy. Biogas provides a renewable energy source that will replace fossil fuel inevitably. The experiment was carried out using a self-designed laboratory-scale anaerobic biogas digester. The study was carried out at room temperature from 25 - 31°C for 20 days using corn stalk as the main substrate while Pig manure and eggshell were used as co-substrates. The findings showed that the biogas produced from the sample containing a blend of corn stalk, Pig manure, and eggshell resulted in higher biogas volume than the sample containing corn stalk and eggshell, corn stalk, and pig manure as well as the sample containing only corn stalk. This implies that the use of the corn stalk blend is a source of renewable energy. Thus, ensuring the sustainability of biogas production in the future.


2017 ◽  
Vol 140 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hitesh Panchal ◽  
Jay Patel ◽  
Sudhir Chaudhary

Solar pasteurization system is used to kill harmful bacteria present in the raw milk. It is carried out in dairy industries with the help of boiler and using wood or coal for heating of the milk. Due to the increment of global warming and its harmful effects, coal or wood should not be used for milk pasteurization system. Hence, researchers have started work on renewable energy source like solar energy for pasteurization system. Many scientists from all around the world have attempted to use solar energy for milk pasteurization system. The present review paper shows the research works carried out by researchers on milk pasteurization system. After several reviews, it has been found that solar energy is the best solution for milk pasteurization system.


Author(s):  
Sebastian Naranjo Silva ◽  
Javier Álvarez del Castillo

The present review shows a perspective of hydropower development, a renewable source that has a global installed capacity of 1308 GW with 9000 stations around the world. The document showed the advantages and the impacts around the different author’s perspectives. The review method consisted of defining a criterial find of articles, thesis and scientific material to consolidate the knowledge and give a viewpoint of this renewable source. The results show extensible affectations from hydropower expansion and this renewable energy source that requires analysis and study to delineate development sustainable with multidisciplinary areas of reflection. Moreover, the investigated results worldwide show that hydropower is not a pollution source; however, it has environmental impacts, social and cultural; such facilities may affect land, homes, and natural habitats. It concludes that the development of hydroelectric projects brings benefits but entails unavoidable impacts; therefore, it recommends that these affections must evaluate with detailed studies based on sustainability criteria.


Author(s):  
Aurélio Lamare Soares Murta ◽  
Suzana Kahn Ribeiro

Intensive use of oil products for driving vehicles, generating power and many other activities hasmade the world very dependent on this fossil fuel. As this non-renewable energy source becomesscarcer, demands are rising steadily. Research is under way, seeking alternative fuels that slowthis depletion while easing environment stresses caused mainly by burning fossil fuels.Outstanding among these alternatives is biodiesel, a fuel obtained through the transesterification ofplant oils or animal fats and that might well replace petrodiesel. The many advantages of thisrenewable fuel include reducing national dependence on oil while lowering greenhouse gasesemissions, such as CO2. The purpose of this study is to assess the impacts of biodiesel on CO2emission levels. The calculations in this paper present the forecasts for petrodiesel consumption inBrazil and the resulting CO2 emissions through to 2020, quantifying the emissions avoided throughadding 2% and 5% methyl biodiesel made from soybeans to gasoline over this period.


Author(s):  
Midde Venkateswarlu Naik ◽  
D. Vasumathi ◽  
A.P. Siva Kumar

Aims: The proposed research work is on an evolutionary enhanced method for sentiment or emotion classification on unstructured review text in the big data field. The sentiment analysis plays a vital role for current generation of people for extracting valid decision points about any aspect such as movie ratings, education institute or politics ratings, etc. The proposed hybrid approach combined the optimal feature selection using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and sentiment classification through Support Vector Machine (SVM). The current approach performance is evaluated with statistical measures, such as precision, recall, sensitivity, specificity, and was compared with the existing approaches. The earlier authors have achieved an accuracy of sentiment classifier in the English text up to 94% as of now. In the proposed scheme, an average accuracy of sentiment classifier on distinguishing datasets outperformed as 99% by tuning various parameters of SVM, such as constant c value and kernel gamma value in association with PSO optimization technique. The proposed method utilized three datasets, such as airline sentiment data, weather, and global warming datasets, that are publically available. The current experiment produced results that are trained and tested based on 10- Fold Cross-Validations (FCV) and confusion matrix for predicting sentiment classifier accuracy. Background: The sentiment analysis plays a vital role for current generation people for extracting valid decisions about any aspect such as movie rating, education institute or even politics ratings, etc. Sentiment Analysis (SA) or opinion mining has become fascinated scientifically as a research domain for the present environment. The key area is sentiment classification on semi-structured or unstructured data in distinguish languages, which has become a major research aspect. User-Generated Content [UGC] from distinguishing sources has been hiked significantly with rapid growth in a web environment. The huge user-generated data over social media provides substantial value for discovering hidden knowledge or correlations, patterns, and trends or sentiment extraction about any specific entity. SA is a computational analysis to determine the actual opinion of an entity which is expressed in terms of text. SA is also called as computation of emotional polarity expressed over social media as natural text in miscellaneous languages. Usually, the automatic superlative sentiment classifier model depends on feature selection and classification algorithms. Methods: The proposed work used Support vector machine as classification technique and particle swarm optimization technique as feature selection purpose. In this methodology, we tune various permutations and combination parameters in order to obtain expected desired results with kernel and without kernel technique for sentiment classification on three datasets, including airline, global warming, weather sentiment datasets, that are freely hosted for research practices. Results: In the proposed scheme, The proposed method has outperformed with 99.2% of average accuracy to classify the sentiment on different datasets, among other machine learning techniques. The attained high accuracy in classifying sentiment or opinion about review text proves superior effectiveness over existing sentiment classifiers. The current experiment produced results that are trained and tested based on 10- Fold Cross-Validations (FCV) and confusion matrix for predicting sentiment classifier accuracy. Conclusion: The objective of the research issue sentiment classifier accuracy has been hiked with the help of Kernel-based Support Vector Machine (SVM) based on parameter optimization. The optimal feature selection to classify sentiment or opinion towards review documents has been determined with the help of a particle swarm optimization approach. The proposed method utilized three datasets to simulate the results, such as airline sentiment data, weather sentiment data, and global warming data that are freely available datasets.


2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 1199-1207
Author(s):  
Amruta P. Kanakdande ◽  
Chandrahasya N. Khobragade ◽  
Rajaram S. Mane

The continuous rising demands and fluctuations in the prices of fossil fuels warrant searching for an alternative renewable energy source to manage the energy needs.


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