scholarly journals INTEGRATION OF AERIAL, MMS, AND BACKPACK IMAGES FOR SEAMLESS 3D MAPPING IN URBAN AREAS

2020 ◽  
Vol XLIII-B2-2020 ◽  
pp. 443-449
Author(s):  
Z. Li ◽  
B. Wu ◽  
Y. Li
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Data ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Bundle Adjustment ◽  
3D Mapping ◽  
Data Infrastructure ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
3D Mesh Model ◽  
Combined Structure

Abstract. Photorealistic three-dimensional (3D) models play an indispensable role in the spatial data infrastructure (SDI) of a smart city. Recent developments in aerial oblique photogrammetry, and the popularity of terrestrial mobile mapping systems (MMSs) offer possibilities for deriving 3D models with centimeter-level accuracy in urban areas. Additionally, advances in image matching and bundle adjustment have allowed 3D models derived from the integration of aerial and ground imagery to overcome typical problems related to 3D mapping in urban areas (e.g., geometric defects, blurred textures on building façades). Nevertheless, this approach may not be suitable for all scenarios owing to innate differences between each platform. Besides, MMS images may not cover regions that cannot be reached by mobile vehicles in urban areas (e.g., narrow alleys, areas far from roads). Meanwhile, backpack systems have garnered attention from the photogrammetry community in recent years due to their flexibility, and regions neglected in previous works can be adequately reconstructed from images collected by backpack systems. This paper presents an approach for effectively integrating multi-source images collected by aerial, MMS, and backpack platforms for seamless 3D mapping in urban areas. The approach includes three main steps: (1) data pre-processing, (2) combined structure-from-motion, and (3) optimal generation of a textured 3D mesh model. The experimental results using aerial, MMS, and backpack datasets collected in a typical urban area in Hong Kong demonstrate the promising performance of the proposed approach. The described work is significant for boosting various types of imagery for integrated 3D mapping in both city scale and street level to facilitate various applications.

scholarly journals IDENTIFICATION OF DEVELOPMENT DETERMINANTS OF GREEN INFORMATION SYSTEMS FOR URBAN AREAS – POLISH CASE STUDY

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-60
Author(s):  
Magdalena Nowak ◽  
Agnieszka Dawidowicz ◽  
Ryszard Źróbek ◽  
Mai Do Thi Tuyet
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Green Infrastructure ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Impact Factors ◽  
Green Is ◽  
Data Infrastructure ◽  
Urban Greenery ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Green Information Systems

The green information systems (green IS) address the demand for information about green spaces in both urban and non-urbanized areas. This systems are part of green infrastructure (GI) and National Spatial Data Infrastructure (NSDI). GI are very important for the urban environment, and it improves the quality of life. There are various types of urban greenery. The green IS can support the management, maintenance, monitoring, protection and revitalization of urban greenery and all GI. This systems contribute to the sustainable development of urban areas, the development of smart and green cities and spatially enabled societies where community members are involved in local projects. In Poland, few cities have so far taken the effort to create a green IS due to the costs of starting and maintaining the system. Municipalities give up the creation of this system because it is not a good first necessity. However, green infrastructure is developing in Poland and there is a strong demand for green IS for easier GI management. Therefore, the aim of the research was to identify various determinants (factors) that may affect the development of green IS in Poland. Analysisof determinants is necessary and important from the point of view of knowledge of mechanisms affecting the development of green IS and may be useful to develop a strategy for further activities promoting the creation of green IS in all cities in Poland. The research results provided the basis for distinguishing groups of impact factors due to their specificity and showed which instruments are applied to them taking into account global and local initiatives.

3D Visualization for Hydrocarbon Project Design

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott Neurauter ◽  
Sabrina Szeto ◽  
Matt Tindall ◽  
Yan Wong ◽  
Chris Wright
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Data ◽  
3D Visualization ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
3D Models ◽  
3D Analysis ◽  
Cost Efficient ◽  
Ground Truthing ◽  
Elevation Model ◽  
Visualization Techniques

3D visualization is the process of displaying spatial data to simulate and model a real three dimensional space. Using 3D visualization, Geomatic professionals are enabling pipeline engineers to make better decisions by providing an increased understanding of potential costs earlier in the design process. This paper will focus on the value of visualizing Digital Elevation Model (DEM) data through the use of hillshades and imagery-draped 3D models. From free online DEM data to high resolution Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) derived DEM data, the increased availability allows for a broader use of 3D visualization techniques beyond 3D analysis. Of the numerous sources available, two DEM sources will be discussed in this paper, the free low resolution DEM (CDED Level 1) and the more costly but higher resolution LiDAR based DEM. Traditional methods of evaluating potential locations for route and facilities involved a significant cost for ground truthing. Through the use of 3D visualization products, multiple potential locations can be examined for suitability without the expense of field visits for every candidate site. By focusing on the selected candidate locations using a visual desktop study, the time and expense of ground truthing all of the potential sites can be reduced significantly. Exploiting the visual value of DEM permits a productive and cost efficient methodology for initial route and facility placement on hydrocarbon projects.

scholarly journals Towards an Underground Utilities 3D Data Model for Land Administration

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (17) ◽  
pp. 1957 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingya Yan ◽  
Siow Jaw ◽  
Kean Soon ◽  
Andreas Wieser ◽  
Gerhard Schrotter
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Data ◽  
Data Model ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Data Governance ◽  
Land Administration ◽  
3D Data ◽  
Underground Utilities ◽  
2D Data

With the pressure of the increasing density of urban areas, some public infrastructures are moving to the underground to free up space above, such as utility lines, rail lines and roads. In the big data era, the three-dimensional (3D) data can be beneficial to understand the complex urban area. Comparing to spatial data and information of the above ground, we lack the precise and detailed information about underground infrastructures, such as the spatial information of underground infrastructure, the ownership of underground objects and the interdependence of infrastructures in the above and below ground. How can we map reliable 3D underground utility networks and use them in the land administration? First, to explain the importance of this work and find a possible solution, this paper observes the current issues of the existing underground utility database in Singapore. A framework for utility data governance is proposed to manage the work process from the underground utility data capture to data usage. This is the backbone to support the coordination of different roles in the utility data governance and usage. Then, an initial design of the 3D underground utility data model is introduced to describe the 3D geometric and spatial information about underground utility data and connect it to the cadastral parcel for land administration. In the case study, the newly collected data from mobile Ground Penetrating Radar is integrated with the existing utility data for 3D modelling. It is expected to explore the integration of new collected 3D data, the existing 2D data and cadastral information for land administration of underground utilities.

scholarly journals Automated End-to-End Workflow for Precise and Geo-accurate Reconstructions using Fiducial Markers

2014 ◽  
Vol II-3 ◽  
pp. 135-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Rumpler ◽  
S. Daftry ◽  
A. Tscharf ◽  
R. Prettenthaler ◽  
C. Hoppe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Models ◽  
Bundle Adjustment ◽  
Fiducial Markers ◽  
Image Recording ◽  
Ground Control Points ◽  
Sampling Distance ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
End To End ◽  
Automatic Camera Calibration ◽  
Online Feedback

Photogrammetric computer vision systems have been well established in many scientific and commercial fields during the last decades. Recent developments in image-based 3D reconstruction systems in conjunction with the availability of affordable high quality digital consumer grade cameras have resulted in an easy way of creating visually appealing 3D models. However, many of these methods require manual steps in the processing chain and for many photogrammetric applications such as mapping, recurrent topographic surveys or architectural and archaeological 3D documentations, high accuracy in a geo-coordinate system is required which often cannot be guaranteed. Hence, in this paper we present and advocate a fully automated end-to-end workflow for precise and geoaccurate 3D reconstructions using fiducial markers. We integrate an automatic camera calibration and georeferencing method into our image-based reconstruction pipeline based on binary-coded fiducial markers as artificial, individually identifiable landmarks in the scene. Additionally, we facilitate the use of these markers in conjunction with known ground control points (GCP) in the bundle adjustment, and use an online feedback method that allows assessment of the final reconstruction quality in terms of image overlap, ground sampling distance (GSD) and completeness, and thus provides flexibility to adopt the image acquisition strategy already during image recording. An extensive set of experiments is presented which demonstrate the accuracy benefits to obtain a highly accurate and geographically aligned reconstruction with an absolute point position uncertainty of about 1.5 times the ground sampling distance.

scholarly journals Modelling and Visualization of Three Dimensional Objects Using Inexpensive Digital Cameras

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ismail Elkhrachy
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Bundle Adjustment ◽  
Control Points ◽  
Digital Cameras ◽  
Three Dimensional Objects ◽  
Spatial Positioning ◽  
And Control

This paper analyses and evaluate the precision and the accuracy the capability of low-cost terrestrial photogrammetry by using many digital cameras to construct a 3D model of an object. To obtain the goal, a building façade has imaged by two inexpensive digital cameras such as Canon and Pentax camera. Bundle adjustment and image processing calculated by using Agisoft PhotScan software. Several factors will be included during this study, different cameras, and control points. Many photogrammetric point clouds will be generated. Their accuracy will be compared with some natural control points which collected by the laser total station of the same building. The cloud to cloud distance will be computed for different comparison 3D models to investigate different variables. The practical field experiment showed a spatial positioning reported by the investigated technique was between 2-4cm in the 3D coordinates of a façade. This accuracy is optimistic since the captured images were processed without any control points.

Urban Environment Quality in the Italian Spatial Data Infrastructure

2013 ◽  
pp. 179-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Congedo ◽  
F. Baiocco ◽  
S. Brini ◽  
L. Liberti ◽  
M. Munafò
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Environmental Information ◽  
Environmental Indicators ◽  
Public Access ◽  
Data Infrastructure ◽  
Environment Quality

Public access to environmental information is granted by international law. The European Community has established an Infrastructure for Spatial Information (INSPIRE) in order to provide data and information to effected environmental policies. ISPRA coordinates the Italian Environmental Information and Monitoring System (SINA) and represents the national Inspire coordination structure. Moreover, ISPRA disseminates environmental information through reports, on-line services, and WebGis. Recently, a new WebGis has been developed to provide public access to environmental indicators data contained in the annual report on urban environment quality. Soil, water and air quality, waste, industrial risk, transport and mobility, acoustic and electromagnetic pollution, nature and biodiversity, tourism, and energy were analysed in 34 urban areas. The WebGis provides simple and powerful tools to analyze environmental dynamics of urban areas promoting participatory planning. It was designed to easily access and select the indicators data and to represent their spatial and temporal distribution.

Three-dimensional simulation application experience in reconstruction of bridges

2017 ◽  
pp. 238-246
Author(s):  
Nikolay Kanashyn ◽  
Andrey Nikitchyn ◽  
Dmytriy Afonyn
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Data ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Software Products ◽  
Design Engineers ◽  
Field Evidence ◽  
Axis Position ◽  
Dimensional Simulation

Objective: To state 3D modeling application experience in bridgeworks reconstruction by the example of Palace Bridge in Saint Petersburg. Methods: It was shown that one of the possible spheres of bridge 3D models application was the acquisition of spatial data of bridge constructions and components’ arrangement, as well as the analysis of main axis position with respect to each other. The technology of acquiring the initial data for modeling was given, the essence of which is in composite application of surface laser scanning, electronic tacheometer line and angle measurements, and measurement of difference in elevation by digital levelling instrument. Order of processing field evidence was stated, as well as the main used software products – CREDO_DAT, X-TOOLS, Autodesk AutoCAD. Results: Fragments of 3D facility models. Practical importance: Opportunity and operability of 3D models application in the process of bridgework reconstruction. The article might be of interest for bridgework design engineers, as well as students and postgraduates, studying the construction and maintenance of bridgeworks.

scholarly journals THREE-DIMENSIONAL DIGITIZATION OF ENVIRONMENTS AND BUILDINGS FOR SMART CITY APPLICATIONS

2021 ◽  
Vol XLVI-4/W5-2021 ◽  
pp. 65-71
Author(s):  
C. Altuntas
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Data ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Measurement Techniques ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Data Infrastructure ◽  
Cloud Data

Abstract. The smart cities that promise a sustainable future cannot be thought of independently from the spatial information infrastructure. It is very important to keep the spatial data infrastructure up-to-date for guidance and information in smart city applications (SCA). Easy and low-cost acquisition is an important factor in updating spatial data. Today, there are many measurement techniques to collecting 3-D spatial data of urban areas and land topography. On the other hand, indoor measurement and 3-D modelling techniques are used in the creation of building information modelling (BIM). In this study, measurement techniques that provide 3-D point cloud data to SCA are examined. Consequently, image based photogrammetry and dense matching methods enable low cost measurement than LiDAR based active measurement. The active 3-D measurement techniques have high accuracy especially for mid and long ranges. The LiDAR, that can be applied at day or night time, offer more opportunity to performing SCA like autonomous vehicle and robotic navigations. Nevertheless, LiDAR can only capture structure, not texture, and therefore has limits to the types of data that it can capture. The LiDAR and image based methods are complement to each other in 3-D reality capture. The 3-D measurement techniques are exploited according to SCA as alone or together.

Comparing Quality of Aerial Photogrammetry and 3D Laser Scanning Methods for Creating 3D Models of Objects

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ignas Daugėla ◽  
Juratė Sužiedelytė Visockienė ◽  
Arminas Stanionis ◽  
Eglė Tumelienė ◽  
Urtė Antanavičiūtė ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Data ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Unmanned Aircraft ◽  
Quality Analysis ◽  
Aerial Photogrammetry ◽  
Building Facades ◽  
Special Software ◽  
High Level

Latest technologies are modern and productive, therefore they are increasingly becoming integral part of any engineering work. Information about real-world objects are collected very quickly and accurately using either spatial data of a terrestrial 3D laser scanners or photographic material obtained from unmanned aircraft vehicle (UAV). After processing data with special software three-dimensional spatial data of objects are obtained, which use is extensive. These data are needed for building facades measurements and inventory, construction, environmental studies, mining, archeology, civil engineering works and for building infrastructure modeling (BIM) systems that are currently being integrated in Lithuania. The result should ensure a high level of accuracy and quality. The article examines 3D modeling using different methods of the selected object. Systems characteristics, quality analysis of 3D models, recommendations and conclusions has been made.

scholarly journals Direct construction of a four-dimensional mesh model from a three-dimensional object with continuous rigid body movement

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ikuru Otomo ◽  
Masahiko Onosato ◽  
Fumiki Tanaka
Keyword(s):  
Rigid Body ◽  
Body Movement ◽  
Computing Time ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Direct Construction ◽  
3D Mesh ◽  
Mesh Model ◽  
3D Mesh Model ◽  
Dimensional Object

Abstract In the field of design and manufacturing, there are many problems with managing dynamic states of three-dimensional (3D) objects. In order to solve these problems, the four-dimensional (4D) mesh model and its modeling system have been proposed. The 4D mesh model is defined as a 4D object model that is bounded by tetrahedral cells, and can represent spatio-temporal changes of a 3D object continuously. The 4D mesh model helps to solve dynamic problems of 3D models as geometric problems. However, the construction of the 4D mesh model is limited on the time-series 3D voxel data based method. This method is memory-hogging and requires much computing time. In this research, we propose a new method of constructing the 4D mesh model that derives from the 3D mesh model with continuous rigid body movement. This method is realized by making a swept shape of a 3D mesh model in the fourth dimension and its tetrahe-dralization. Here, the rigid body movement is a screwed movement, which is a combination of translational and rotational movement.

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