Application of Evans Index in Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus Patients: A Mini Review

With an ever-growing aging population, the prevalence of normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) is increasing. Clinical symptoms of NPH include cognitive impairment, gait disturbance, and urinary incontinence. Surgery can improve symptoms, which leads to the disease's alternative name: treatable dementia. The Evans index (EI), defined as the ratio of the maximal width of the frontal horns to the maximum inner skull diameter, is the most commonly used index to indirectly assess the condition of the ventricles in NPH patients. EI measurement is simple, fast, and does not require any special software; in clinical practice, an EI >0.3 is the criterion for ventricular enlargement. However, EI's measurement methods, threshold setting, correlation with ventricle volume, and even its clinical value has been questioned. Based on the EI, the z-EI and anteroposterior diameter of the lateral ventricle index were derived and are discussed in this review.

Evaluating the Vocabulary Coverage of EFL Textbooks and Teachers’ Generated Materials in an Indonesian Islamic Universities:A Corpus-Informed Materials Evaluation

The importance of vocabulary in the learning of EFL has been an indisputable matter in ELT. The inclusion of vocabulary in ELT materials is often accompanied with questions such as what type of vocabulary and how many words to be taught for students in diverse ELT contexts. Hence, evaluating the kinds of vocabulary in ELT materials is similarly important. This study demonstrates a considerably unconventional corpus -informed materials evaluation to assess the suitability of the vocabulary content of ELT course books taught at the State Islamic Institute in Manado with its ESP context. Four ELT course books taught at the four schools of the State Islamic Institute were analysed using the corpus-based methods. A special software designed for corpus linguistics studies called e Antwordprofiler was used to count the coverage/frequency of occurrence of three types of Nation’ vocabulary classification. The results showed that the examined course books contain sufficient coverage of English high frequency words as required by theory that they contain a total coverage of 84.14 % of high frequency English word enlisted in the General Service List (GSL). However, in terms of the coverage of academic and technical vocabulary, these course books content were still considered under the theoretically acceptable coverage of at least 12,4 % and 5 % respectively. It is recommended that for ELT course books that are used in ESP teaching such as in a field-specific Islamic studies programs, the course books should fulfil the minimum coverage threshold of high frequency, academic and technical vocabulary.

DESIGNING THE CONTENT OF GRAPHIC KNOWLEDGE IN THE CAD SYSTEMS ENVIRONMENT

The information support of the product life’s cycle requires to produce and to design this product with the help of the modern graphic CAD packages by creating an information model. In this regard, the question of the introduction of information technology in the educational process of the graphic training becomes relevant, as the basic graphic training forms the skills of graphic presentation of information. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the content of graphic training in institutions of higher technical education in conjunction with special software CAD-systems, including SolidWorks. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the content of graphic training in institutions of higher technical education in conjunction with the special software CAD-systems, including the SolidWorks. The methods of the research: analysis of the problems of future bachelors-mechanics’ graphic training, analysis of modern software for the graphic documentation, the generalization to obtain the conclusions and recommendations. The research results demonstrate that the development of modern software to solve problems of automation of three-dimensional design, the design and technological preparation of production of any complexity in various industries allows graduates to be competitive professionally in the labor market. We considered the graphic training in the environment of CAD-systems, also we highlighted the features of a special software SolidWorks-CAD. In the course of research of the content of basic graphic training that includes the descriptive geometry, the engineering and computer graphics in CAD-systems they revealed the most important factors in the formation of methods of mental activity of students. We consider that the most progressive method of the graphic training of engineers is to teach two courses instead of the three classic parts of basic graphic training. The effected research of engineering graphics and the peculiarities of the construction of working drawings in SolidWorks allowed to reconcile their relationship. The mastering of the modern software for solving of the problems of automation of three-dimensional design, the design and technological preparation of production of any complexity in various industries allows for graduates to be competitive professionally in the labor market.

Application of the method of analysis of hierarchies to assess the software of complexes of automation means

The article analyzes the current state of the methods for assessing the software of complexes of automation of fire control of artillery systems supplied to the artillery units of the Ground Forces of the Armed Forces of Ukraine. The actual problem of verification and certification of the developed samples of special software of such complexes is determined, which consists in the absence of established assessment procedures, a large subjective component in the existing methods for assessing software, the inconsistency of their norms in accordance with state and international standards. In the proposed conceptual model for assessing the quality of software, new metrics have been defined that will characterize special software that ensures the functioning of complexes of fire control automation systems for artillery subunits when they perform fire engagement tasks and which reflects the peculiarity of the use of artillery systems. To assess the proposed new metrics, the elements of their assessment and the mathematical apparatus for carrying out calculations are determined and substantiated. To determine the magnitude of the influence of indicators on the overall quality of software, a new approach is proposed, which consists in applying the method of analyzing hierarchies when determining the priority of indicators of elements, metrics, criteria and factors at each level of the hierarchy. The use of multicriteria analysis of the hierarchy analysis method ensures that the subjectivity of experts is avoided when assessing the quality of special software, it makes it possible to identify bottlenecks in the developed tactical and technical requirements for the software of the indicated complexes of automation tools for artillery systems and takes into account the mutual influence of indicators on the overall quality. A certain improved methodology, which more fully covers the software assessment process, will in the future be the basis for creating a quality assurance system for software of automation systems and forming a tool for their certification.

Case Method in the Study of Information Technologies and IT Project Management

The paper shows the features of the application of the case method in the study of the discipline of IT project management for students majoring in the field of Information Technology. This work analyzes some of the difficulties associated with the limited use of case studies in the field of IT. An original solution to the problem of combining flexible technologies for the development of the project itself on the basis of a case study and methods of studying and applying special software for IT project management presented by authors. The conceptual scheme of the main stages of work with a case, interrelations and content from an initial acquaintance, discussion in groups and acceptance of intermediate decisions, to planning of operations, calendar planning of works and resources were shown. However, the role of special software for visualization of separate stages of project execution management in the MS Project environment at all stages of the life cycle was explained. The combination of individual analytical work of the students, acquisition of teem job skills, the study of MS Project tools, IT project management methods at different stages allows to achieve the planned learning outcomes and develop interdisciplinary competencies.

ADJUSTMENT OF LARGE SOLAR OVEN FLAT HELIOSTAT HELIOSTATS

This paper presents an improved method for adjusting individual mirrors –facets of heliostats of a Big Solar Furnace (BSF) with a heat output of 1000 kW in Uzbekistan. Due to the fact that a BSF consists of 22,790 pieces of individual mirrors, the adjustment - setting a specific geometric position of these mirrors is very important. The process of adjusting the mirrors is very time consuming and lengthy. Often exactly the adjustments are influenced by subjective factors by the aligners. In order to improve the performance and accuracy of the alignment, the facet of heliostats has applied the Technical Vision System (TVS), as well as improved the process of assessing the state of alignment and the processing of alignment data. The TVS consisting of a video camera, an interface, a personal computer and special software allows you to visually and accurately assess the alignment conditions of the heliostat facets before and after the alignment process. Allows you to save the data in computer memory for further processing and analysis. Allows you to create a database of the alignment status of each of the 62 heliostats of LSF. Special software developed by us allows you to quickly and accurately determine the deviations of the heliostat facets from the calculated geometric points in angular minutes. Based on the data obtained, you can build histograms, graphs, etc. for visual analysis of the heliostat alignment states before and after the alignment process.

Method for determining the mass of evaporated water during thermal regulation in artificial agroecosystems

We noted the need for the use of digital technologies in crop production, i.e. we need to develop a special software. As we know any software implies that processes and functions are presented in an analytical form. Photosynthesis most efficiently (at the maximum rate) proceeds at a certain temperature, which is provided by thermoregulation using a self-organizing process of evaporative cooling (SOPEC). This process accounts for more than 90% of all water consumed by the plant. It is noted that the water needs of a plant will be determined by the SOPEC, since the relationship between the main energy factors – photosynthesis and thermoregulation – is reduced to the SOPEC functioning. The analytical determination of the mass of evaporated water plays a key role in the development of a digital moisture supply system and its software. The derivation of the analytical expression is based on the determination of the thermal component of light radiation energy by the method of graphical integration of the spectral distribution of the intensity of this radiation. The obtained expression allowed determining the mass of the evaporated liquid during thermoregulation. The result obtained was verified experimentally by taking the calculated value of the evaporation mass and comparing it with the experimental results. A test showed that the experimental weight slightly, i.e. by 4%, differs from the calculated weight.

ANALISIS DOSIS RADIASI PADA JARINGAN TUMOR DENGAN SIMULASI PROGRAM MCNP-5

Direct measurement of each radiation dose to the patient's organs is not possible. In general, to estimate the dose absorbed by human organs is approached by measurements in human phantoms, but this approach is still too rough because the composition of phantoms is not easily made the same as the actual organ composition. Currently, for important matters such as the accuracy of determining the absorption dose by human organs, the Monte Carlo simulation method (MCNP) with special software is used. This has led to a growing desire for scientists to make the transition from using phantoms to computing software for medical physics applications. However, until now no comprehensive document has been written to introduce the use of the MCNP program to simulate its application in medical physics. The purpose of this study was to analyze the absorbed dose of gamma radiation in tumor tissue in the breast by simulating changes in distance and tumor size using the MCNP-5 program. This can be useful in ensuring the application of radiation protection to the patient and the environment in which the patient is located. The results showed that the radiation dose in cell 1 (tumor tissue) with a change in the distance between the radiation source and cell 1 was getting bigger, resulting in a decrease in the dose in cell 1, while the effect of cell volume 1 was greater, the greater the dose received by cell 1. In addition, through this simulation it can be seen that for each addition of 1 cm3 the volume of cell 1 for tumor tissue can increase the absorption energy by 3.5x10e-12 Gray. Keywords: MCNP-5; simulation; radiation dose; tumor tissue AbstrakPengukuran setiap dosis radiasi pada organ pasien tidak dimungkinkan secara langsung. Pada umumnya untuk memperkirakan dosis yang diserap oleh organ tubuh manusia didekati dengan pengukuran pada phantom manusia, namun pendekatan ini juga masih terlalu kasar karena komposisi phantom tidak mudah dibuat sama dengan komposisi organ yang sebenarnya. Sehingga saat ini, untuk hal-hal yang penting seperti ketepatan penentuan dosis serap oleh organ tubuh manusia, digunakan metode simulasi Monte Carlo (MCNP) dengan perangkat lunak khusus. Hal ini mendorong meningkatnya keinginan para ilmuwan melakukan transisi dari penggunaan phantom ke penggunaan komputasi perangkat lunak untuk aplikasi fisika medis. Namun sampai saat ini belum tersedia dokumen komprehensif yang ditulis untuk memperkenalkan penggunaan program MCNP guna mensimulasikan aplikasinya dalam fisika medis. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis dosis serap radiasi gamma pada jaringan tumor di payudara melalui simulasi perubahan jarak dan besar tumor menggunakan program MCNP-5. Hal ini dapat berguna dalam memastikan penerapan proteksi radiasi pada pasien dan lingkungan tempat pasien. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dosis radiasi pada sel 1 (jaringan tumor) dengan perubahan jarak antara sumber radiasi dengan sel 1 semakin besar, mengakibatkan besar dosis di sel 1 semakin menurun, sedangkan pengaruh volume sel 1 yang semakin besar maka dosis yang diterima sel 1 semakin besar juga. Selain itu, melalui simulasi ini dapat diketahui untuk setiap penambahan 1 cm3 volume sel 1 jaringan tumor dapat meningkatkan energi serap sebesar 3,5x10e-12 Gray.

Why and in what sense do conference interpreters need special software?

Information society, digitalisation, software solutions for everybody. Also for conference interpreters? What are the special characteristics of an inter-preter’s workflow that require specialised software? Does this specialised software already exist? After having a look at scientific findings and existing solutions in this field, this article shows the differences between the software requirements of interpreters and those of translators or terminologists. On the basis of these considerations, a model for a special software solution for conference interpreters is presented.

The Impact of Cutting with a Shearer on the Conditions of Longwall Ventilation

In coal mines that are exploiting methane-saturated seams, high-level emission of methane is often the basic limitation for modern and high-efficiency longwall complexes. This paper presents selected observations and tests carried out in the Cw-4 longwall in seam 364/2 of the Budryk mine, which belongs to JSW SA. To observe the methane levels in the Cw-4 longwall, additional sensors were installed at the end section of the longwall from the side of the gobs, and the air velocity and methane concentration were registered in a multi-point system that were built in the selected longwall cross-section. The air parameters were recorded in the monitoring system. The use of multi-point simultaneous measurements of the local velocities and concentrations of methane in the longwall cross-section allowed for the precise determination of the air and methane volume flow using the velocity field method. This allowed us to perform a comparative analysis of the obtained records of the air parameters using special software to determine the distribution of the parameters in the cross-section of the excavation. An important element of the study was the simultaneous registration of the methane concentration in the longwall, information on the operating times, the direction of shearer operation, and the type of work being done (i.e., mining/cleaning).