scholarly journals COORDINATED USE OF VISUAL ODOMETRY AND LANDMARKS FOR NAVIGATION OF MOBILE GROUND VEHICLES

Author(s):  
S. M. Sokolov ◽  
N. D. Beklemishev ◽  
A. A. Boguslavsky

Abstract. The paper considers two directions in the use of visual data for information support of purposeful movements of ground vehicles. This is optical odometry and navigation by landmarks in the environment. Optical odometry builds the trajectory of movement of the vehicle based on the determination of displacements based on selective visual data from different fields of view. The choice and indication of landmarks at the described stage of research remains with the operator. The vision system (VS) monitors the specified landmarks and determines the position of the vehicle relative to them. The experiments used such fields of view as monocular forward looking, panoramic (fisheye type) and forward looking stereo system. When combining the data of the visual channel with each other and with the data of other navigation systems, the specificity of visual sensors is taken into account – a significant effect of the reliability and accuracy of the results from the observation conditions. Experimental verification of the VS layout showed the achievability of high accuracy in solving the navigation problem using the visual channel. All the components of the described process of organizing purposeful movements based on the use of the visual channel continue to be improved.

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 25-34
Author(s):  
Chau Phan Bao ◽  
Hieu Ngo Khanh ◽  
Hao Nguyen Vinh

Navigation is a field of study that focuses on the process of monitoring and controlling the movement of a craft or vehicle from one place to another. Among the means of transport in road, waterway and airway, the maritime industry and the aviation are two industries which require the high accuracy navigation systems. Nowadays, with the development of technology, especially the support of satellite, the determination of the position is not too difficult. This paper presents the integration of GPS and INS to build a navigation system for RC aircraft. First, the mechanization INS is built to process data from the equipment. Then, the Kalman Filter is used to estimate the unknown parameters which are referred to as system state vector. Last, the algorithm is applied to analyze the data collected from the flight test with aircraft model.


Author(s):  
Д.А. Смирнов ◽  
В.Г. Бондарев ◽  
А.В. Тепловодский ◽  
А.В. Николенко

Представлено обоснование использования оптико-электронной системы в качестве навигационно-измерительного комплекса. Проведен краткий анализ существующих систем навигации, применимых для беспилотного летательного аппарата, и предложен алгоритм обеспечения системы видеонаблюдения в режиме счисления координат с помощью системы технического зрения. Задачу счисления координат БЛА с использованием видеопоследовательностей изображений земной поверхности можно решить с высокой точностью с помощью бинокулярной СТЗ. Однако в случае выхода из строя одной из камер определение координат местоположения будет продолжаться с достаточной точностью для решения поставленной задачи. А недостаток измерительных средств обеспечивается за счет использования 6 особых точек земной поверхности. Поэтому предложен алгоритм определения местоположения с помощью монокулярной системы технического зрения. Для решения задачи определения местоположения выделяются и определяются координаты особых точек на изображении поверхности. Для нахождения особых точек была выполнена обработка оцифрованного изображения методом FAST-9. Так как изображение получается цветным, то процедура нахождения особых точек является надежным путем применения метода FAST-9 для двух или даже трех цветовых компонент. Данная процедура позволяет достигнуть высокой точности определения счисляемых координат БЛА. Для решения задач счисления координат предпочтительно использование методов простых итераций, Брауна или Ньютона We present the rationale for the use of an optoelectronic system as a navigation-measuring complex. We carried out a brief analysis of existing navigation systems applicable to an unmanned aerial vehicle and propose an algorithm for providing a video surveillance system in the reckoning mode using a vision system. The problem of reckoning UAV coordinates using video sequences of images of the earth's surface can be solved with high accuracy using a binocular TVS. However, in case of failure of one of the cameras, the determination of the coordinates of the location will continue with sufficient accuracy to solve the task. And the lack of measuring instruments is ensured through the use of 6 special points of the earth's surface. Therefore, we propose an algorithm for determining the location using a monocular vision system. To solve the problem of determining the location, we selected and determined the coordinates of the singular points on the surface image. To find the special points, we processed the digitized image using the FAST-9 method. Since the image is obtained in color, the procedure for finding special points is reliable by applying the FAST-9 method for two or even three color components. This procedure allows you to achieve high accuracy in determining the reckoning coordinates of the UAV. To solve problems of reckoning coordinates, it is preferable to use the methods of simple iterations, Brown or Newton


2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 465-474
Author(s):  
V.O. Zhilinskiy ◽  
◽  
D.S. Pecheritsa ◽  
L.G. Gagarina ◽  
◽  
...  

The Global Navigation Satellite System has a huge impact on both the public and private sectors, including the social-economic development, it has many applications and is an integral part of many domains. The application of the satellite navigation systems remains the most relevant in the field of transport, including land, air and maritime transport. The GLONASS system consists of three segments and the operation of the entire system depends on functioning of each component, but primarily, the accuracy of measurements depends on the basis forming of the control segment and management, responsible for forming ephemeris-time information. In the work, the influence of ephemeris-time information on the accuracy of solving the navigation problem by the signals of the GLONASS satellite navigation system has been analyzed. The influence of both ephemeris information and the frequency information, and of the time corrections has been individually studied. The accuracy of the ephemeris-time information is especially important when solving the navigation problem by highly precise positioning method. For the analysis the following scenarios of the navigation problem solving have been formed: using high-precision and broadcast ephemeris-time information, a combination of broadcast (high-precision) ephemeris-time information, and high-precision (broadcast) satellite clock offsets and two scenarios with simulation of the calculation of the relative correction to the radio signal carrier frequency. Based on the study results it has been concluded that the contribution of the frequency-time corrections to the error of location determination is of the greatest importance and a huge impact on the error location, while the errors of the ephemeris information are insignificant


Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 560
Author(s):  
Alexandra Carvalho ◽  
Mariana C. F. Costa ◽  
Valeria S. Marangoni ◽  
Pei Rou Ng ◽  
Thi Le Hang Nguyen ◽  
...  

We show that the degree of oxidation of graphene oxide (GO) can be obtained by using a combination of state-of-the-art ab initio computational modeling and X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS). We show that the shift of the XPS C1s peak relative to pristine graphene, ΔEC1s, can be described with high accuracy by ΔEC1s=A(cO−cl)2+E0, where c0 is the oxygen concentration, A=52.3 eV, cl=0.122, and E0=1.22 eV. Our results demonstrate a precise determination of the oxygen content of GO samples.


2020 ◽  
pp. 107732
Author(s):  
Hui Wang ◽  
Qingyao Luo ◽  
Yiguang Zhao ◽  
Xuemei Nan ◽  
Fan Zhang ◽  
...  

2012 ◽  
Vol 622-623 ◽  
pp. 1528-1531
Author(s):  
Cui Hong Ma ◽  
Wei Qiang Zhang

Atomic emission spectrometry with high accuracy, short lag time, and low detection limit, it has been widely applied in various fields. The application of atomic emission spectrometry in the converter steelmaking process has an important significance to improve the smelting of speed and steel quality. This article describes the principle of atomic emission spectroscopy (AES) analysis. Spectra obtained by the experimental for qualitative analysis, detected molten steel containing titanium element.


2012 ◽  
Vol 726 ◽  
pp. 226-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomasz Giesko

The article presents a dual-camera vision system for fatigue monitoring composed of a vision unit, a camera positioning set and a computer unit. Vision modules are mounted onto the 4DOF positioning sets, which allows for an easy determination of the position of the camera in relation to the sample. The application of motorized measurement lenses with changeable configuration, thanks to the alteration of the distance of observation and the vision angle, enables the adaptation of the system to different scales of observation of the fatigue processes in the specimen surface. Automatic focus setting is realised with the use of the implemented algorithm. The software developed allows for the analysis of fatigue fracture for two 2D images or the 3D stereovision image.


2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jarosław Judek ◽  
Arkadiusz P. Gertych ◽  
Michał Świniarski ◽  
Anna Łapińska ◽  
Anna Dużyńska ◽  
...  

2012 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 123-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Māris Abele ◽  
Jānis Balodis ◽  
Inese Janpaule ◽  
Ieva Lasmane ◽  
Augusts Rubans ◽  
...  

Recent accomplishments in advancement of accurate astrometric reference star catalogues, development of digital imaging technology, high accuracy tiltmeter technology, and geocentric coordinate availability provided by GNSS, have made possible accurate, fast and automated determination of vertical deflections using astrometric methods. Zenith cameras for this kind of measurements have been developed or are being developed by several research groups. The paper describes a research project by Institute of Geodesy and Geoinformation, intended to design a portable digital zenith camera for vertical deflection determination with 0.1” expected accuracy. Camera components are described, proposed data processing algorithm and preliminary results, obtained with prototype instrument, are presented.


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