scholarly journals PRODUCT ACCURACY EFFECT OF OBLIQUE AND VERTICAL NON-METRIC DIGITAL CAMERA UTILIZATION IN UAV-PHOTOGRAMMETRY TO DETERMINE FAULT PLANE

2016 ◽  
Vol III-6 ◽  
pp. 41-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Amrullah ◽  
D. Suwardhi ◽  
I. Meilano
Keyword(s):  
Fault Plane ◽  
Control Point ◽  
Digital Camera ◽  
Aerial Photographs ◽  
Ground Control ◽  
Control Points ◽  
Point Configuration ◽  
Ground Control Points ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Precision And Accuracy

This study aims to see the effect of non-metric oblique and vertical camera combination along with the configuration of the ground control points to improve the precision and accuracy in UAV-Photogrammetry project. The field observation method is used for data acquisition with aerial photographs and ground control points. All data are processed by digital photogrammetric process with some scenarios in camera combination and ground control point configuration. The model indicates that the value of precision and accuracy increases with the combination of oblique and vertical camera at all control point configuration. The best products of the UAV-Photogrammetry model are produced in the form of Digital Elevation Model (DEM) compared to the LiDAR DEM. Furthermore, DEM from UAV-Photogrammetry and LiDAR are used to define the fault plane by using cross-section on the model and interpretation to determine the point at the extreme height of terrain changes. The result of the defined fault planes indicate that two models do not show any significant difference.

scholarly journals PRODUCT ACCURACY EFFECT OF OBLIQUE AND VERTICAL NON-METRIC DIGITAL CAMERA UTILIZATION IN UAV-PHOTOGRAMMETRY TO DETERMINE FAULT PLANE

2016 ◽  
Vol III-6 ◽  
pp. 41-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Amrullah ◽  
D. Suwardhi ◽  
I. Meilano
Keyword(s):  
Fault Plane ◽  
Control Point ◽  
Digital Camera ◽  
Aerial Photographs ◽  
Ground Control ◽  
Control Points ◽  
Point Configuration ◽  
Ground Control Points ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Precision And Accuracy

This study aims to see the effect of non-metric oblique and vertical camera combination along with the configuration of the ground control points to improve the precision and accuracy in UAV-Photogrammetry project. The field observation method is used for data acquisition with aerial photographs and ground control points. All data are processed by digital photogrammetric process with some scenarios in camera combination and ground control point configuration. The model indicates that the value of precision and accuracy increases with the combination of oblique and vertical camera at all control point configuration. The best products of the UAV-Photogrammetry model are produced in the form of Digital Elevation Model (DEM) compared to the LiDAR DEM. Furthermore, DEM from UAV-Photogrammetry and LiDAR are used to define the fault plane by using cross-section on the model and interpretation to determine the point at the extreme height of terrain changes. The result of the defined fault planes indicate that two models do not show any significant difference.

scholarly journals A New Fast and Low-Cost Photogrammetry Method for the Engineering Characterization of Rock Slopes

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francioni ◽  
Simone ◽  
Stead ◽  
Sciarra ◽  
Mataloni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structure From Motion ◽  
Engineering Geology ◽  
Survey Methods ◽  
Digital Camera ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Ground Control ◽  
Control Points ◽  
Digital Photogrammetry ◽  
Ground Control Points ◽  
The Creation

Digital photogrammetry (DP) represents one of the most used survey techniques in engineering geology. The availability of new high-resolution digital cameras and photogrammetry software has led to a step-change increase in the quality of engineering and structural geological data that can be collected. In particular, the introduction of the structure from motion methodology has led to a significant increase in the routine uses of photogrammetry in geological and engineering geological practice, making this method of survey easier and more attractive. Using structure from motion methods, the creation of photogrammetric 3D models is now easier and faster, however the use of ground control points to scale/geo-reference the models are still required. This often leads to the necessity of using total stations or Global Positioning System (GPS) for the acquisition of ground control points. Although the integrated use of digital photogrammetry and total station/GPS is now common practice, it is clear that this may not always be practical or economically convenient due to the increase in cost of the survey. To address these issues, this research proposes a new method of utilizing photogrammetry for the creation of georeferenced and scaled 3D models not requiring the use of total stations and GPS. The method is based on the use of an object of known geometry located on the outcrop during the survey. Targets located on such objects are used as ground control points and their coordinates are calculated using a simple geological compass and trigonometric formula or CAD 3D software. We present three different levels of survey using (i) a calibrated digital camera, (ii) a non-calibrated digital camera and (iii) two commercial smartphones. The data obtained using the proposed approach and the three levels of survey methods have been validated against a laser scanning (LS) point cloud. Through this validation we highlight the advantages and limitations of the proposed method, suggesting potential applications in engineering geology.

scholarly journals A METHOD FOR SIMULTANEOUS AERIAL AND TERRESTRIAL GEODATA ACQUISITION FOR CORRIDOR MAPPING

2015 ◽  
Vol XL-1/W4 ◽  
pp. 227-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Molina ◽  
M. Blázquez ◽  
J. Sastre ◽  
I. Colomina
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Configuration ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Control Point ◽  
Unmanned Aircraft ◽  
Ground Control ◽  
Control Points ◽  
Post Processing ◽  
Simultaneous Operation ◽  
Ground Control Points ◽  
Sensor Orientation

In this paper, we present mapKITE, a new mobile, simultaneous terrestrial and aerial, geodata collection and post-processing method. On one side, the method combines a terrestrial mobile mapping system (TMMS) with an unmanned aerial mapping one, both equipped with remote sensing payloads (at least, a nadir-looking visible-band camera in the UA) by means of which aerial and terrestrial geodata are acquired simultaneously. This tandem geodata acquisition system is based on a terrestrial vehicle (TV) and on an unmanned aircraft (UA) linked by a 'virtual tether', that is, a mechanism based on the real-time supply of UA waypoints by the TV. By means of the TV-to-UA tether, the UA follows the TV keeping a specific relative TV-to-UA spatial configuration enabling the simultaneous operation of both systems to obtain highly redundant and complementary geodata. <br><br> On the other side, mapKITE presents a novel concept for geodata post-processing favoured by the rich geometrical aspects derived from the mapKITE tandem simultaneous operation. The approach followed for sensor orientation and calibration of the aerial images captured by the UA inherits the principles of Integrated Sensor Orientation (ISO) and adds the pointing-and-scaling photogrammetric measurement of a distinctive element observed in every UA image, which is a coded target mounted on the roof of the TV. By means of the TV navigation system, the orientation of the TV coded target is performed and used in the post-processing UA image orientation approach as a Kinematic Ground Control Point (KGCP). The geometric strength of a mapKITE ISO network is therefore high as it counts with the traditional tie point image measurements, static ground control points, kinematic aerial control and the new point-and-scale measurements of the KGCPs. With such a geometry, reliable system and sensor orientation and calibration and eventual further reduction of the number of traditional ground control points is feasible. <br><br> The different technical concepts, challenges and breakthroughs behind mapKITE are presented in this paper, such as the TV-to-UA virtual tether and the use of KGCP measurements for UA sensor orientation. In addition, the use in mapKITE of new European GNSS signals such as the Galileo E5 AltBOC is discussed. Because of the critical role of GNSS technologies and the potential impact on the corridor mapping market, the European Commission and the European GNSS Agency, in the frame of the European Union Framework Programme for Research and Innovation “Horizon 2020,” have recently awarded the “mapKITE” project to an international consortium of organizations coordinated by GeoNumerics S.L.

scholarly journals DESARROLLO DE UNA METODOLOGÍA SENCILLA PARA LA GEORREFERENCIACIÓN Y MEDICIÓN DE DISTANCIAS A PARTIR DE IMÁGENES DE SATÉLITE SISTEMÁTICAMENTE GEORREFERENCIADAS

2016 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo Gónima ◽  
Libardo E. Ruiz ◽  
Marcos E. González
Keyword(s):  
Satellite Images ◽  
Control Point ◽  
Ground Control ◽  
Gps Data ◽  
Control Points ◽  
Statistical Validation ◽  
Distance Measurements ◽  
The North ◽  
Ground Control Points ◽  
Representative Points

One of the main problems for a precise georeferencing and distance measurements from satellite images, especially in geographical zones with strong morphologic and environmental dynamics, lies not only in the difficulty for identifying ground control points (GCPs), but also in real limitations for accessing such places. In this work a relatively simple methodology is proposed for georeferencing and distance measuring from satellite images, based on the utilization of previously calculated reflectance images from the surface and then oriented toward the north (systematic georeferencing). From these images and setting a basic control point (pixel) P, measured with GPS, the other GCPs were obtained by measurements of distances defined from the P point to representative points (pixels) on the image, selected for its georeferencing. The statistical validation of the obtained results, using a different sample of GCPs measured with GPS, shows that the precision of the georeferencing and distance measurement utilizing the developed methodology is similar to that obtained by conventional procedures, such as image georeferencing from GPS data.

scholarly journals PRECISION POTENTIAL OF UNDERWATER NETWORKS FOR ARCHAEOLOGICAL EXCAVATION THROUGH TRILATERATION AND PHOTOGRAMMETRY

2019 ◽  
Vol XLII-2/W10 ◽  
pp. 175-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Skarlatos ◽  
F. Menna ◽  
E. Nocerino ◽  
P. Agrafiotis
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Structure From Motion ◽  
Control Point ◽  
Archaeological Site ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Ground Control ◽  
Control Points ◽  
Archaeological Excavation ◽  
Control Networks ◽  
Ground Control Points

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Given the rise and wide adoption of Structure from Motion (SfM) and Multi View Stereo (MVS) in underwater archaeology, this paper investigates the optimal option for surveying ground control point networks. Such networks are the essential framework for coregistration of photogrammetric 3D models acquired in different epochs, and consecutive archaeological related study and analysis. Above the water, on land, coordinates of ground control points are determined with geodetic methods and are considered often definitive. Other survey works are then derived from by using those coordinates as fixed (being ground control points coordinates considered of much higher precision). For this reason, equipment of proven precision is used with methods that not only compute the most correct values (according to the least squares principle) but also provide numerical measures of their precisions and reliability. Under the water, there are two options for surveying such control networks: trilateration and photogrammetry, with the former being the choice of the majority of archaeological expeditions so far. It has been adopted because of ease of implementation and under the assumption that it is more reliable and precise than photogrammetry.</p><p>This work aims at investigating the precision of network establishment by both methodologies by comparing them in a typical underwater archaeological site. Photogrammetric data were acquired and analysed, while the trilateration data were simulated under certain assumptions. Direct comparison of standard deviation values of both methodologies reveals a clear advantage of photogrammetry in the vertical (Z) axis and three times better results in horizontal precision.</p>

scholarly journals Geospatial Analysis of Groundwater Potential Zones in Keffi, Nassarawa State, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
D. R. Abdullahi ◽  
O. O. Oladosu ◽  
S. A. Samson ◽  
L. O. Abegunde ◽  
T. A. Balogun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Data ◽  
Control Point ◽  
Drainage Density ◽  
Groundwater Potential ◽  
Ground Control ◽  
Control Points ◽  
Groundwater Potential Zones ◽  
Ground Control Points ◽  
Potential Map ◽  
Groundwater Potential Map

Aim: Employ the use of Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System (GIS) to analyze areas of groundwater potentials in Keffi LGA to meet the rate of water demand. Study Design:  The study is designed to delineate and analyze the drainage characteristics, and map out the groundwater potential zones. Place and Duration of Study: The study is conducted in Keffi LGA of Nassarawa State, Nigeria in 2018. Methodology: Both spatial and non-spatial data were utilized for this research, including Ground Control Points, satellite imageries, and maps. The data generated consisting of the rainfall, NDVI, lineament, geology, slope, and relief were prepared into thematic layers and used for the generation of the drainage morphometric parameters and multi-criteria overlay analysis. Each of the layer used has inputs were ranked based on their relative importance in controlling groundwater potential, and divided into classes using the hydro-geological properties. The groundwater potential analysis reveals four distinct zones representing high, moderate, less and least groundwater potential zones. The delineated groundwater potential map was verified using the available Ground Control Point of boreholes across the study area. Results: The drainage of the study area falls in the 4th order, with the drainage density ranging from 0.2 to 1.6. From the groundwater potential map generated using the rainfall, lineament, geology, drainage density, slope, soil, and NDVI attributes, areas categorized having the moderate groundwater potentials cover about 89.1 km2, while the least cover 0.1 km2 of the study area.  Validating the result with borehole locations across the location shows that the boreholes are dug based on the availability of water following the groundwater potentials, and; 59.8% of the settlement area falls within the moderate groundwater potential classes. Conclusion: The area has adequate capacity for water supply, and only those within the high groundwater potential classes can access groundwater throughout the year.

The Unevenness of the Footing And Its Impact on the Results of Photogrammetric Transformation

2017 ◽  
Vol 921 (3) ◽  
pp. 43-47
Author(s):  
Yu.I. Golovanev
Keyword(s):  
Significant Influence ◽  
Control Point ◽  
Aerial Photographs ◽  
Topographic Maps ◽  
Ground Control ◽  
Control Network ◽  
Control Points ◽  
Topographic Map ◽  
Exterior Orientation ◽  
Field Control

The article deals with the fact, that the state or special geodetic networks points identified on the aerial photographs, control network and aerial photographs field control surveys points including contour points with coordinates taken from the topographic map of larger scale and defined when creating topographic maps can be used for exterior orientation of photogrammetric networks during the implementation of works on topographic maps revision. Besides planimetric points of the map that has been revising can also be used. The ground control point (reference point) coordinates are not of equal accuracy, as their values were got from the sources that have different plane coordinates accuracy. This fact has a significant influence on the point coordinates planimetric position of the route photogrammetric network that is developed. There is some information in the article about the control points unequal accuracy influence on the point planimetric position of the route photogrammetric network. This fact occurs when part of control points was obtained by means of accurate surveying methods but other control points plane coordinates due to their unavailability have to be obtained from the topographic map. The results of the experiment are given as evidence.

scholarly journals Development of Operational Applications for TerraSAR-X

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver Lang ◽  
Parivash Lumsdon ◽  
Diana Walter ◽  
Jan Anderssohn ◽  
Wolfgang Koppe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Surface Deformation ◽  
Target Recognition ◽  
Control Point ◽  
Automatic Target Recognition ◽  
Ground Control ◽  
Control Points ◽  
Surface Movement ◽  
Precise Orbit ◽  
Ground Control Points

In the course of the TerraSAR-X mission, various new applications based on X-Band Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data have been developed and made available as operational products or services. In this article, we elaborate on proven characteristics of TerraSAR-X that are responsible for development of operational applications. This article is written from the perspective of a commercial data and service provider and the focus is on the following applications with high commercial relevance, and varying operational maturity levels: Surface Movement Monitoring (SMM), Ground Control Point (GCP) extraction and Automatic Target Recognition (ATR). Based on these applications, the article highlights the successful transition of innovative research into sustainable and operational use within various market segments. TerraSAR-X’s high orbit accuracy, its precise radar beam tracing, the high-resolution modes, and high-quality radiometric performance have proven to be the instrument’s advanced characteristics, through, which reliable ground control points and surface movement measurements are obtained. Moreover, TerraSAR-X high-resolution data has been widely exploited for the clarity of its target signatures in the fields of target intelligence and identification. TerraSAR-X’s multi temporal interferometry applications are non-invasive and are now fully standardised autonomous tools to measure surface deformation. In particular, multi-baseline interferometric techniques, such as Persistent Scatter Interferometry (PSI) and Small Baseline Subsets (SBAS) benefit from TerraSAR-X’s highly precise orbit information and phase stability. Similarly, the instrument’s precise orbit information is responsible for sub-metre accuracy of Ground Control Points (GCPs), which are essential inputs for orthorectification of remote sensing imagery, to locate targets, and to precisely georeference a variety of datasets. While geolocation accuracy is an essential ingredient in the intelligence field, high-resolution TerraSAR-X data, particularly in Staring SpotLight mode has been widely used in surveillance, security and reconnaissance applications in real-time and also by automatic or assisted target recognition software.

scholarly journals DEM Generation from Fixed-Wing UAV Imaging and LiDAR-Derived Ground Control Points for Flood Estimations

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (14) ◽  
pp. 3205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jairo R. Escobar Villanueva ◽  
Luis Iglesias Martínez ◽  
Jhonny I. Pérez Montiel
Keyword(s):  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Structure From Motion ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Control Point ◽  
Ground Control ◽  
Control Points ◽  
Ground Control Points ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Elevation Data ◽  
Aerial Vehicle

Geospatial products, such as digital elevation models (DEMs), are important topographic tools for tackling local flood studies. This study investigates the contribution of LiDAR elevation data in DEM generation based on fixed-wing unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) imaging for flood applications. More specifically, it assesses the accuracy of UAV-derived DEMs using the proposed LiDAR-derived control point (LCP) method in a Structure-from-Motion photogrammetry processing. Also, the flood estimates (volume and area) of the UAV terrain products are compared with a LiDAR-based reference. The applied LCP-georeferencing method achieves an accuracy comparable with other studies. In addition, it has the advantage of using semi-automatic terrain data classification and is readily applicable in flood studies. Lastly, it proves the complementarity between LiDAR and UAV photogrammetry at the local level.

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