scholarly journals INTEGRATION OF POINT CLOUDS FROM TERRESTRIAL LASER SCANNING AND IMAGE-BASED MATCHING FOR GENERATING HIGH-RESOLUTION ORTHOIMAGES

2016 ◽  
Vol XLI-B5 ◽  
pp. 399-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Salach ◽  
J.S. Markiewicza ◽  
D. Zawieska
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Digital Camera ◽  
Terrestrial Laser Scanning ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
Historical Objects ◽  
Basic Objective ◽  
High Resolution Images

An orthoimage is one of the basic photogrammetric products used for architectural documentation of historical objects; recently, it has become a standard in such work. Considering the increasing popularity of photogrammetric techniques applied in the cultural heritage domain, this research examines the two most popular measuring technologies: terrestrial laser scanning, and automatic processing of digital photographs. The basic objective of the performed works presented in this paper was to optimize the quality of generated high-resolution orthoimages using integration of data acquired by a Z+F 5006 terrestrial laser scanner and a Canon EOS 5D Mark II digital camera. The subject was one of the walls of the “Blue Chamber” of the Museum of King Jan III’s Palace at Wilanów (Warsaw, Poland). The high-resolution images resulting from integration of the point clouds acquired by the different methods were analysed in detail with respect to geometric and radiometric correctness.

scholarly journals INTEGRATION OF POINT CLOUDS FROM TERRESTRIAL LASER SCANNING AND IMAGE-BASED MATCHING FOR GENERATING HIGH-RESOLUTION ORTHOIMAGES

2016 ◽  
Vol XLI-B5 ◽  
pp. 399-404
Author(s):  
A. Salach ◽  
J.S. Markiewicza ◽  
D. Zawieska
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Digital Camera ◽  
Terrestrial Laser Scanning ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
Historical Objects ◽  
Basic Objective ◽  
High Resolution Images

An orthoimage is one of the basic photogrammetric products used for architectural documentation of historical objects; recently, it has become a standard in such work. Considering the increasing popularity of photogrammetric techniques applied in the cultural heritage domain, this research examines the two most popular measuring technologies: terrestrial laser scanning, and automatic processing of digital photographs. The basic objective of the performed works presented in this paper was to optimize the quality of generated high-resolution orthoimages using integration of data acquired by a Z+F 5006 terrestrial laser scanner and a Canon EOS 5D Mark II digital camera. The subject was one of the walls of the “Blue Chamber” of the Museum of King Jan III’s Palace at Wilanów (Warsaw, Poland). The high-resolution images resulting from integration of the point clouds acquired by the different methods were analysed in detail with respect to geometric and radiometric correctness.

scholarly journals Fusion of high resolution remote sensing images and terrestrial laser scanning for improved biomass estimation of maize

2014 ◽  
Vol XL-7 ◽  
pp. 101-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Hütt ◽  
H. Schiedung ◽  
N. Tilly ◽  
G. Bareth
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Terrestrial Laser Scanning ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
Satellite System ◽  
Biomass Estimation ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Elevation Model ◽  
In The Beginning

In this study, images from the satellite system WorldView-2 in combination with terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) over a maize field in Germany are investigated. Simultaneously to the measurements a biomass field campaigns was carried out. From the point clouds of the terrestrial laser scanning campaigns crop surface models (CSM) from each scanning date were calculate to model plant growth over time. These results were resampled to match the spatial resolution of the WorldView-2 images, which had to orthorectified using a high resolution digital elevation model and atmosphere corrected using the ATCOR Software package. A high direct correlation of the NDVI calculated from the WorldView-2 sensor and the dry biomass was found in the beginning of June. At the same date, the heights from laser scanning can also explain a certain amount of the biomass variation (<i>r</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.6). By combining the NDVI from WorldView-2 and the height from the laser scanner with a linear model, the R2 reaches higher values of 0.86. To further understand the relationship between CSM derived crop heights and reflection indices, a comparison on a pixel basis was performed. Interestingly, the correlation of the NDVI and the crop height is rather low at the beginning of June (<i>r</i><sup>2</sup> = 0,4, <i>n</i> = 1857) and increases significantly (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup> = 0,79, <i>N</i> = 1857) at a later stage.

scholarly journals Combined Use of Terrestrial Laser Scanning and UAV Photogrammetry in Mapping Alpine Terrain

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (18) ◽  
pp. 2154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ján Šašak ◽  
Michal Gallay ◽  
Ján Kaňuk ◽  
Jaroslav Hofierka ◽  
Jozef Minár
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Point Cloud ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Terrestrial Laser Scanning ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
Mutual Orientation ◽  
Close Range Photogrammetry ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Close Range

Airborne and terrestrial laser scanning and close-range photogrammetry are frequently used for very high-resolution mapping of land surface. These techniques require a good strategy of mapping to provide full visibility of all areas otherwise the resulting data will contain areas with no data (data shadows). Especially, deglaciated rugged alpine terrain with abundant large boulders, vertical rock faces and polished roche-moutones surfaces complicated by poor accessibility for terrestrial mapping are still a challenge. In this paper, we present a novel methodological approach based on a combined use of terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) and close-range photogrammetry from an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) for generating a high-resolution point cloud and digital elevation model (DEM) of a complex alpine terrain. The approach is demonstrated using a small study area in the upper part of a deglaciated valley in the Tatry Mountains, Slovakia. The more accurate TLS point cloud was supplemented by the UAV point cloud in areas with insufficient TLS data coverage. The accuracy of the iterative closest point adjustment of the UAV and TLS point clouds was in the order of several centimeters but standard deviation of the mutual orientation of TLS scans was in the order of millimeters. The generated high-resolution DEM was compared to SRTM DEM, TanDEM-X and national DMR3 DEM products confirming an excellent applicability in a wide range of geomorphologic applications.

scholarly journals INTEGRATION OF GEODATA IN DOCUMENTING CASTLE RUINS

2016 ◽  
Vol XLI-B3 ◽  
pp. 345-349
Author(s):  
P. Delis ◽  
M. Wojtkowska ◽  
P. Nerc ◽  
I. Ewiak ◽  
A. Lada
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Digital Camera ◽  
Terrestrial Laser Scanning ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Digital Imagery ◽  
Historical Structures ◽  
Three Dimensional Models ◽  
Different Sources

Textured three dimensional models are currently the one of the standard methods of representing the results of photogrammetric works. A realistic 3D model combines the geometrical relations between the structure’s elements with realistic textures of each of its elements. Data used to create 3D models of structures can be derived from many different sources. The most commonly used tool for documentation purposes, is a digital camera and nowadays terrestrial laser scanning (TLS). Integration of data acquired from different sources allows modelling and visualization of 3D models historical structures. Additional aspect of data integration is possibility of complementing of missing points for example in point clouds. The paper shows the possibility of integrating data from terrestrial laser scanning with digital imagery and an analysis of the accuracy of the presented methods. The paper describes results obtained from raw data consisting of a point cloud measured using terrestrial laser scanning acquired from a Leica ScanStation2 and digital imagery taken using a Kodak DCS Pro 14N camera. The studied structure is the ruins of the Ilza castle in Poland.

scholarly journals Geoarchaeological site documentation and analysis of 3D data derived by terrestrial laser scanning

2014 ◽  
Vol II-5 ◽  
pp. 173-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Hoffmeister ◽  
S. Zellmann ◽  
K. Kindermann ◽  
A. Pastoors ◽  
U. Lang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Terrestrial Laser Scanning ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
3D Data ◽  
Research Problems ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
Rtk Gps ◽  
Derived Data

Terrestrial laser scanning was conducted to document and analyse sites of geoarchaeological interest in Jordan, Egypt and Spain. In those cases, the terrestrial laser scanner LMS-Z420i from Riegl was used in combination with an accurate RTK-GPS for georeferencing of the point clouds. Additionally, local surveying networks were integrated by established transformations and used for indirect registration purposes. All data were integrated in a workflow that involves different software and according results. The derived data were used for the documentation of the sites by accurate plans and cross-sections. Furthermore, the 3D data were analysed for geoarchaeological research problems, such as volumetric determinations, the ceiling thickness of a cave and lighting simulations based on path tracing. The method was reliable in harsh environmental conditions, but the weight of the instrument, the measuring time and the minimum measurement distance were a drawback. However, generally an accurate documentation of the sites was possible. Overall, the integration in a 3D GIS is easily possible by the accurate georeference of the derived data. In addition, local survey results are also implemented by the established transformations. Enhanced analyses based on the derived 3D data shows promising results.

scholarly journals Terrestrial laser scanning in monitoring of anthropogenic objects

2017 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 347-364
Author(s):  
Janina Zaczek-Peplinska ◽  
Maria Kowalska
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Incidence Angle ◽  
Geometric Analysis ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Terrestrial Laser Scanning ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
Angle Of Incidence ◽  
Point Distribution ◽  
Common Coordinate System ◽  
Cloud Of Points

Abstract The registered xyz coordinates in the form of a point cloud captured by terrestrial laser scanner and the intensity values (I) assigned to them make it possible to perform geometric and spectral analyses. Comparison of point clouds registered in different time periods requires conversion of the data to a common coordinate system and proper data selection is necessary. Factors like point distribution dependant on the distance between the scanner and the surveyed surface, angle of incidence, tasked scan’s density and intensity value have to be taken into consideration. A prerequisite for running a correct analysis of the obtained point clouds registered during periodic measurements using a laser scanner is the ability to determine the quality and accuracy of the analysed data. The article presents a concept of spectral data adjustment based on geometric analysis of a surface as well as examples of geometric analyses integrating geometric and physical data in one cloud of points: cloud point coordinates, recorded intensity values, and thermal images of an object. The experiments described here show multiple possibilities of usage of terrestrial laser scanning data and display the necessity of using multi-aspect and multi-source analyses in anthropogenic object monitoring. The article presents examples of multisource data analyses with regard to Intensity value correction due to the beam’s incidence angle. The measurements were performed using a Leica Nova MS50 scanning total station, Z+F Imager 5010 scanner and the integrated Z+F T-Cam thermal camera.

scholarly journals How Much of a Historic Town Can Be Mapped by a Terrestrial Laser Scanner within a Working Day? - A Single Touch Workflow

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-250
Author(s):  
Christoph Fürst ◽  
Nikolaus Studnicka ◽  
Martin Pfennigbauer
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Terrestrial Laser Scanning ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Terrestrial Laser Scanner ◽  
Single Operator ◽  
Working Day ◽  
The One ◽  
3D Information

Downtown Vienna with its world-famous cultural sites and architectural features is most definitely worth conservation. One way to archive at least a digital 3D imprint is laser scanning. While urban mapping with airborne or mobile laser scanning is fast and efficient, the resulting point clouds might not have the required resolution or might experience gaps due to shadowing. Terrestrial laser scanning has the potential to overcome these limitations. However, it has long been considered time-consuming and labour-intensive both while capturing and also while processing the data.In order to challenge this, we performed a field test with the new RIEGL VZ-400i terrestrial laser scanner. For eight hours, in the night from 2nd to 3rd of June 2016, one single operator employed the instrument throughout the city center of Vienna. He managed to take 514 high-resolution laser scans with approximately 9m between the scan positions.The data acquired in the course of this test impressively demonstrates the potential of state-of-the-art terrestrial laser scanning to preserve detailed 3D-information of urban environments within limited amount of time. This paper describes the complete workflow from the one touch operation in the field up to the automatic registration process of the collected laser scans.     

scholarly journals MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES ALONG A DIKE LANDSIDE SLOPE SAMPLED BY 4D HIGH RESOLUTION TERRESTRIAL LASER SCANNING

2016 ◽  
Vol XLI-B3 ◽  
pp. 227-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mónica Herrero-Huertaa ◽  
Roderik Lindenbergh ◽  
Luc Ponsioen ◽  
Myron van Damme
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Terrestrial Laser Scanning ◽  
Emergency Situation ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
Data Sampling ◽  
Wave Overtopping ◽  
3D Point Clouds ◽  
The Impact

Emergence of light detection and ranging (LiDAR) technology provides new tools for geomorphologic studies improving spatial and temporal resolution of data sampling hydrogeological instability phenomena. Specifically, terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) collects high resolution 3D point clouds allowing more accurate monitoring of erosion rates and processes, and thus, quantify the geomorphologic change on vertical landforms like dike landside slopes. Even so, TLS captures observations rapidly and automatically but unselectively. &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt; In this research, we demonstrate the potential of TLS for morphological change detection, profile creation and time series analysis in an emergency simulation for characterizing and monitoring slope movements in a dike. The experiment was performed near Schellebelle (Belgium) in November 2015, using a Leica Scan Station C10. Wave overtopping and overflow over a dike were simulated whereby the loading conditions were incrementally increased and 14 successful scans were performed. The aim of the present study is to analyse short-term morphological dynamic processes and the spatial distribution of erosion and deposition areas along a dike landside slope. As a result, we are able to quantify the eroded material coming from the impact on the terrain induced by wave overtopping which caused the dike failure in a few minutes in normal storm scenarios (Q = 25 l/s/m) as 1.24 m&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;. As this shows that the amount of erosion is measurable using close range techniques; the amount and rate of erosion could be monitored to predict dike collapse in emergency situation. &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt; The results confirm the feasibility of the proposed methodology, providing scalability to a comprehensive analysis over a large extension of a dike (tens of meters).

scholarly journals PERSPECTIVE INTENSITY IMAGES FOR CO-REGISTRATION OF TERRESTRIAL LASER SCANNER AND DIGITAL CAMERA

2016 ◽  
Vol XLI-B3 ◽  
pp. 295-300
Author(s):  
Yubin Liang ◽  
Yan Qiu ◽  
Tiejun Cui
Keyword(s):  
Point Cloud ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Least Squares Method ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Digital Camera ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
Terrestrial Laser Scanner ◽  
Automatic Registration ◽  
Intensity Images ◽  
Intensity Image

Co-registration of terrestrial laser scanner and digital camera has been an important topic of research, since reconstruction of visually appealing and measurable models of the scanned objects can be achieved by using both point clouds and digital images. This paper presents an approach for co-registration of terrestrial laser scanner and digital camera. A perspective intensity image of the point cloud is firstly generated by using the collinearity equation. Then corner points are extracted from the generated perspective intensity image and the camera image. The fundamental matrix F is then estimated using several interactively selected tie points and used to obtain more matches with RANSAC. The 3D coordinates of all the matched tie points are directly obtained or estimated using the least squares method. The robustness and effectiveness of the presented methodology is demonstrated by the experimental results. Methods presented in this work may also be used for automatic registration of terrestrial laser scanning point clouds.

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