scholarly journals Effective 3-D surface modeling for geographic information systems

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Yüksek ◽  
M. Alparslan ◽  
E. Mendi
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Geographic Information Systems ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Surface Modeling ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
Main Memory ◽  
Replacement Policy ◽  
Multimedia Database ◽  
Image Size

Abstract. In this work, we propose a dynamic, flexible and interactive urban digital terrain platform with spatial data and query processing capabilities of geographic information systems, multimedia database functionality and graphical modeling infrastructure. A new data element, called Geo-Node, which stores image, spatial data and 3-D CAD objects is developed using an efficient data structure. The system effectively handles data transfer of Geo-Nodes between main memory and secondary storage with an optimized directional replacement policy (DRP) based buffer management scheme. Polyhedron structures are used in digital surface modeling and smoothing process is performed by interpolation. The experimental results show that our framework achieves high performance and works effectively with urban scenes independent from the amount of spatial data and image size. The proposed platform may contribute to the development of various applications such as Web GIS systems based on 3-D graphics standards (e.g., X3-D and VRML) and services which integrate multi-dimensional spatial information and satellite/aerial imagery.

scholarly journals Effective 3-D surface modeling for geographic information systems

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 6093-6131
Author(s):  
K. Yüksek ◽  
M. Alparslan ◽  
E. Mendi
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Geographic Information Systems ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Surface Modeling ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
Main Memory ◽  
Replacement Policy ◽  
Multimedia Database ◽  
Image Size

Abstract. In this work, we propose a dynamic, flexible and interactive urban digital terrain platform (DTP) with spatial data and query processing capabilities of Geographic Information Systems (GIS), multimedia database functionality and graphical modeling infrastructure. A new data element, called Geo-Node, which stores image, spatial data and 3-D CAD objects is developed using an efficient data structure. The system effectively handles data transfer of Geo-Nodes between main memory and secondary storage with an optimized Directional Replacement Policy (DRP) based buffer management scheme. Polyhedron structures are used in Digital Surface Modeling (DSM) and smoothing process is performed by interpolation. The experimental results show that our framework achieves high performance and works effectively with urban scenes independent from the amount of spatial data and image size. The proposed platform may contribute to the development of various applications such as Web GIS systems based on 3-D graphics standards (e.g. X3-D and VRML) and services which integrate multi-dimensional spatial information and satellite/aerial imagery.

Politics of Scale and Networks of Association in Public Participation GIS

2007 ◽  
Vol 39 (8) ◽  
pp. 1961-1980 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rina Ghose
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Geographic Information Systems ◽  
Public Participation ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Multiple Scales ◽  
Community Organizations ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
Politics Of Scale

The public participation geographic information systems (PPGIS) research agenda has explored the issue of equitable access and use of geographic information systems (GIS) and spatial data among traditionally marginalized citizens, in order to facilitate effective citizen participation in inner-city revitalization activities. However, prior research indicates that PPGIS is a complex process, with uneven outcomes. The author contends that such unevenness can be explained by use of a new theoretical framework drawn from the literature of politics of scale and networks. The author contends that the PPGIS process occurs in ‘spaces of dependence’, containing localized social relations and place-specific conditions. The politics of securing this space leads to the creation of ‘spaces of engagement’ at multiple scales. Within these spaces, networks of association evolve to connect multiple actors from public and private sectors with community organizations. Such networks can contain structural inequities, hierarchical dominance, and fluctuating resources. But these networks also transcend political boundaries and are dynamic and flexible, enabling individuals to manipulate and modify them. In trying to control the revitalization agendas and the material resources required, the actors and community organizations construct politics of scale. For some community organizations, such scalar politics and creative alliances with critical actors allow them to navigate territorially scaled networks of power skillfully in order to gain an effective voice in decisionmaking activities. But other community organizations lag behind, and are not able to form relationships in order to secure their urban space. By the use of new empirical data, coupled with a new theoretical framework, the author aims to contribute both to greater theorization and to better understanding of the uneven and contradictory nature of PPGIS processes.

scholarly journals APLIKASI RESTFULL PADA SISTEM INFORMASI GEOGRAFIS PARIWISATA KOTA BANDAR LAMPUNG

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 312-323
Author(s):  
Melvitasari Tinambunan ◽  
Sanriomi Sintaro
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Geographic Information Systems ◽  
Programming Language ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
Black Box ◽  
Base System ◽  
Web Based ◽  
City Tourism ◽  
Mapping Technology

Android, Geographic Information Systems, RESTful, Web One of the mapping technologies widely used today is Geographic Information Systems. Geographic Information Systems (GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS) is a mapping technology in the form of computer-based information systems, designed to work using data that has spatial information or spatial reference. Mapping technology is widely used to facilitate human work. In this research, Geographic Information System technology was used to support one of the business processes at the Bandar Lampung City Tourism Office. This system was built to assist related agencies in recording tourist sites. The system consists of a web-based system and Android-based applications that are connected using RESTful Web Service. The system is implemented using the PHP programming language with the help of CodeIgniter for web-based systems, and the Java programming language for Android-based applications. The method of developing the system used is the waterfall model method according to Rossa U.S. and Saladin (2014). Application design is based on Unified Modeling Language (UML), flowchart diagrams, and interface design. While the application used in the creation of the Android base system is Android Studio. The testing method used is the system's functional Black-Box. The results of black-box testing data show that the system runs as it should, the system is easy to understand by users, and can meet the functional needs of the system needed by the Bandar Lampung City Tourism Office

scholarly journals Geographic Information Systems (GIS) in Urban Planning

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 85
Author(s):  
Sonila Xhafa ◽  
Albana Kosovrasti
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Information Systems ◽  
Geographic Information Systems ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
Social Infrastructure ◽  
Urban Centers

Geographic information systems can be defined as a intelligent tool, to which it relates techniques for the implementation of processes such as the introduction, recording, storage, handling, processing and generation of spatial data. Use of GIS in urban planning helps and guides planners for an orderly development of settlements and infrastructure facilities within and outside urban areas. Continued growth of the population in urban centers generates the need for expansion of urban space, for its planning in terms of physical and social infrastructures in the service of the community, based on the principles of sustainable development. In addition urbanization is accompanied with numerous structural transformations and functional cities, which should be evaluated in spatial context, to be managed and planned according to the principles of sustainable development. Urban planning connects directly with land use and design of the urban environment, including physical and social infrastructure in service of the urban community, constituting a challenge to global levels. Use of GIS in this field is a different approach regarding the space, its development and design, analysis and modeling of various processes occurring in it, as well as interconnections between these processes or developments in space.

scholarly journals Simple rules for an efficient use of Geographic Information Systems in molecular ecology

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Leempoel ◽  
Solange Duruz ◽  
Estelle Rochat ◽  
Ivo Widmer ◽  
Pablo Orozco-terWengel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Geographic Information Systems ◽  
Open Source ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Molecular Ecology ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
Environmental Data ◽  
Essential Information ◽  
Open Source Gis

AbstractGeographic Information Systems (GIS) are becoming increasingly popular in the context of molecular ecology and conservation biology thanks to their display options efficiency, flexibility and management of geodata. Indeed, spatial data for wildlife and livestock species is becoming a trend with many researchers publishing genomic data that is specifically suitable for landscape studies. GIS uniquely reveal the possibility to overlay genetic information with environmental data and, as such, allow us to locate and analyze genetic boundaries of various plant and animal species or to study gene-environment associations (GEA). This means that, using GIS, we can potentially identify the genetic bases of species adaptation to particular geographic conditions or to climate change. However, many biologists are not familiar with the use of GIS and underlying concepts and thus experience difficulties in finding relevant information and instructions on how to use them. In this paper, we illustrate the power of free and open source GIS approaches and provide essential information for their successful application in molecular ecology. First, we introduce key concepts related to GIS than are too often overlooked in the literature, for example coordinate systems, GPS accuracy and scale. We then provide an overview of the most employed open-source GIS-related software, file formats and refer to major environmental databases. We also reconsider sampling strategies as high costs of Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) data currently diminish the number of samples that can be sequenced per location. Thereafter, we detail methods of data exploration and spatial statistics suited for the analysis of large genetic datasets. Finally, we provide suggestions to properly edit maps and to make them as comprehensive as possible, either manually or trough programming languages.

Urban Environmental Applications of GIScience

2013 ◽  
pp. 602-620 ◽  
Author(s):  
Buket Ayşegul Ozbakir
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Geographic Information Systems ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Information Science ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Geographical Data ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Information Research ◽  
Computer Based

Geographic Information Systems (GIS) are computer-based systems used to store and manipulate geographical data, and perform spatial analysis. These systems serve to reveal the patterns, relationships, and anomalies, or sometimes invisible characteristics of the geographical data in various applications. While the term “GIS” indicates an object or tool, GIScience, the acronym for Geographic Information Science, covers a broader context of methodologies behind spatial data analysis. Among different application areas of GIS, “environmental monitoring and modeling” plays a significant role in the development of the very first GIS in the world-The Canada Geographic Information Systems (CGIS) in the mid-1960s. After almost 40 years of history, significant changes and challenges took place in the geographic information research agenda. This chapter will point out some of the vital tools and methods used in GIScience (including GIS, remote sensing and 3D modeling) to grasp issues of our urban environments. With recent technological advances that facilitate our understanding of the environment; it is more evident that the vision of more “livable” cities is not too far but not easy as well.

Geographic Information Systems

2019 ◽  
pp. 334-348
Author(s):  
Paula Cristina Remoaldo ◽  
Vitor P. Ribeiro ◽  
Hélder Silva Lopes ◽  
Sara Catarina Gomes Silva
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Geographic Information Systems ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
Technological Systems ◽  
Consolidation Phase ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Acquisition Management ◽  
New Geography

The emergence of technological systems with computerized cartographic application allowed the resolution of certain military problems between the 1950s and 1960s. The first GIS was created in Canada Geographic Information Systems in 1964 for Tomlinson. At this time, GIS was in a consolidation phase in multiple areas and for various purposes. The geographical science growth with the development of GIS were in connection to the subject of the new geography, justified by the application of the methods of quantitative analysis in various spatial nature of research. In this context, the GIS feature a number of operational advantages and have allowed the proliferation of new fields of endeavor in open access systems across multiple forms of acquisition, management, interpretation, and spatial information analysis. The main goal of this chapter is to underwrite the concept of GIS, as well as distinguish the diversity of applications from the past until the present, and to identify new paths to accommodate recent scientific approaches with extensive range of application possibilities.

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