scholarly journals Discovering the differential and gendered consequences of natural disasters on the gender gap in life expectancy in Southeast Asia

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marshal Q. Murillo ◽  
Shukui Tan
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Natural Disaster ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Political Conditions

Abstract. Generally, the country and the population at risk experience the consequences of natural disasters differently and disproportionately. Likewise, the negative impacts of the natural disaster on the population are not gender-neutral. This article explores the relationship of the negative consequences of natural disasters on the difference of gender gap in life expectancy in Southeast Asia. Using the regional data set over the period 1995 to 2011, we analyzed the influence of the natural disaster magnitude, i.e. number of disaster-related casualties, and the interaction with women's socioeconomic and political rights, and the country’s vulnerability and exposure to climate change impacts on the gender gap in life expectancy, i.e. ratio of female to male life expectancy. The study produced three important findings. First, Southeast Asian women's life expectancy is more likely to decrease on average compared to that of men as the magnitude of natural disaster increases. Second, lower women's socioeconomic and political conditions are associated with the gender difference in life expectancy as the magnitude of natural disaster increases. Lastly, country's higher level of exposure and vulnerability to climate change impacts are associated with the negative influence of natural disasters on the women's life expectancy more than that of men. Taken together, our study concluded that lower women's socioeconomic and political conditions, as well as country's higher climate change-related vulnerabilities, are likely to pose a collective threat to women's overall well-being more than that of men.

The Effect of Climate Change on the Health of Aged People in Ibadan, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
O. J. Kehinde ◽  
A. T. Adeboyejo
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Climatic Parameters ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Aged People ◽  
Improvement Programs ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Component Scores ◽  
Ibadan Nigeria

Susceptibility to ill health among aged people had been linked with climate change impacts in rapidly urbanising cities. Therefore, this study evaluates to the vulnerability of aged people to the health impacts of climate change in Ibadan, Nigeria. Data on clinically diagnosed climate related diseases (CRDs) (2000 – 2014) among aged people (>50 years) and temperature and rainfall parameters (1970 – 2007) in Ibadan were obtained and projected to year 2050. Also, the relationship between the climatic parameters and incidence of the five most prevalent CRDs were analysed using multiple regression. The increasing trend of mean maximum temperature (r = 0.47) and rainfall (r = 0.15) is associated with incidences of hypertension (34.4%), respiratory diseases (21.2%) and diarrhoea (14.3%) among aged people (> 60 years), mostly male folk (67.2%). The linear composite of disease communalities extracted 84.0% variance of the data set with the following component scores: skin disease (0.98), hypertension (0.96), respiratory disease (0.92), diarrhoea (0.89) and malaria (0.45). Further, CRDs (R2 = 27%, p = 0.012) in Ibadan among aged people could be significantly attributed to influences of climatic parameters. The study suggests building aged peoples’ resilience to emanating impacts through health and nutritional improvement programs, and re-introduction of neighbourhood parks and gardens.

scholarly journals Climate Change, Mining and Traditional Indigenous Knowledge in Australia

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tony Birch
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Sea Levels ◽  
Depth Of Knowledge ◽  
The North ◽  
Weather Events ◽  
Rising Sea Levels ◽  
Indigenous Society

Australia, in common with nations globally, faces an immediate and future environmental and economic challenge as an outcome of climate change. Indigenous communities in Australia, some who live a precarious economic and social existence, are particularly vulnerable to climate change. Impacts are already being experienced through dramatic weather events such as floods and bushfires. Other, more gradual changes, such as rising sea levels in the north of Australia, will have long-term negative consequences on communities, including the possibility of forced relocation. Climate change is also a historical phenomenon, and Indigenous communities hold a depth of knowledge of climate change and its impact on local ecologies of benefit to the wider community when policies to deal with an increasingly warmer world are considered. Non-Indigenous society must respect this knowledge and facilitate alliances with Indigenous communities based on a greater recognition of traditional knowledge systems.

Climate change, natural disasters and displacement: a multi-track approach to filling the protection gaps

2010 ◽  
Vol 92 (879) ◽  
pp. 713-730 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vikram Kolmannskog ◽  
Lisetta Trebbi
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Natural Disaster ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Dynamic Interpretation

AbstractMillions are displaced by climate-related disasters each year, and this trend is set to increase as climate change accelerates. It raises important questions about how well existing instruments actually protect people driven from their homes by climate change and natural disasters. This article first examines current protection instruments and points out gaps in them. There follows an exploration of various proposals for filling those protection gaps, with the focus on cross-border natural-disaster-induced displacement. A multi-track approach is recommended, including context-oriented and dynamic interpretation of existing law, and creation of new law. Adhering to the principle of non-refoulement, and focusing on whether return is possible, permissible, or reasonable, could be a realistic way to begin developing protection regimes for victims of natural-disaster-induced displacement.

scholarly journals The Impact of Climate-Change-Related Disasters on Africa’s Economic Growth, Agriculture, and Conflicts: Can Humanitarian Aid and Food Assistance Offset the Damage?

2022 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 467
Author(s):  
Go Shimada
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Economic Growth ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Urban Poverty ◽  
Food Assistance ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
The Impact

This study analyzed the impact of climate-related natural disasters (droughts, floods, storms/rainstorms) on economic and social variables. As the Africa-specific empirical literature is limited, this study used panel data from 1961–2011 on Africa. The study used a panel data regression model analysis. The results showed that climate change-related natural disasters affected Africa’s economic growth, agriculture, and poverty and caused armed conflicts. Among the disasters, droughts are the main cause of negative impact, severely affecting crops such as maize and coffee and resulting in increased urban poverty and armed conflicts. In contrast, international aid has a positive effect but the impact is insignificant compared to the negative consequences of climate-related natural disasters. Cereal food assistance has a negative crowding-out effect on cereal production. International donors should review their interventions to support Africa’s adaptative capacity to disasters. Government efficiency has reduced the number of deaths, and this is an area that supports Africa’s adaptative efforts.

scholarly journals Climate change risk assessment and adaptation for loss and damage of urban transportation infrastructure in Southeast Asia

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lam Vu Thanh Noi ◽  
Richard T. Cooper ◽  
Dinh Thi Thuy Trang ◽  
Tran Quang Minh ◽  
Cao Thi Thu Huong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Urban Transportation ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Transportation Infrastructure ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Adaptation Measures ◽  
Flood Depth ◽  
Loss And Damage

In Southeast Asia, climate change will potentially have negative consequences for urban transportation infrastructure (UTI). It is necessary to improve the understanding of climate change-associated loss and damage in relation to UTI to ensure the sustainability of existing transportation assets and for prioritizing future investments. However, there is currently limited knowledge on how to practically assess loss and damage for UTI in the context of climate change and then to incorporate appropriate adaptation measures and strategies to future-proof transportation planning. This study presents the results and experiences from assessing climate change-related loss and damage to UTI in six cities of Cambodia, Thailand and Vietnam. One pilot city from each country was selected for assessment by applying NK-GIAS software to determine loss and damage for urban roads. It was found that the six selected cities were highly vulnerable to climate change given their location and exposure to sea-level rise, storm surge, flooding, and salinity intrusion. Through analyses conducted using NK-GIAS software, economic losses for different flood scenarios were determined. The linkage between flooding and road damage was demonstrated, with maximum damage estimations under the most extreme flooding scenario of approximately 20 million USD for Hoi An, 3 million USD for Kampot and 21 million USD for Samut Sakhon, corresponding to water levels of 3.4 m, 4.0 m and 2.7 m respectively. Damage to the road network was identified as a key impact related to climate change. Further research is recommended to develop appropriate damage curves through laboratory analysis, addressing both flood depth and duration, to strengthen the NK-GIAS analyses undertaken in this study.

scholarly journals Recent trends in the climate of Namaqualand, a megadiverse arid region of South Africa

2016 ◽  
Vol Volume 112 (Number 3/4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire L. Davis ◽  
M. Timm Hoffman ◽  
Wesley Roberts ◽  
◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Future Climate Change ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Rainfall Events ◽  
Reliable Assessment ◽  
Coastal Fog ◽  
Recent Trends ◽  
Weather Stations ◽  
Maximum Temperatures

Abstract Namaqualand is especially vulnerable to future climate change impacts. Using a high-resolution (0.5°x0.5°) gridded data set (CRU TS 3.1) and individual weather station data, we demonstrated that temperatures as well as frequency of hot extremes have increased across this region. Specifically, minimum temperatures have increased by 1.4 °C and maximum temperatures by 1.1 °C over the last century. Of the five weather stations analysed, two showed evidence of a significant increase in the duration of warm spells of up to 5 days per decade and a reduction in the number of cool days (TX10P) by up to 3 days per decade. In terms of rainfall, we found no clear evidence for a significant change in annual totals or the frequency or intensity of rainfall events. Seasonal trends in rainfall did, however, demonstrate some spatial variability across the region. Spatial trends in evapotranspiration obtained from the 8-day MOD16 ET product were characterised by a steepening inland-coastal gradient where areas along the coastline showed a significant increase in evapotranspiration of up to 30 mm per decade, most notably in spring and summer. The increase in temperature linked with the increases in evapotranspiration pose significant challenges for water availability in the region, but further research into changes in coastal fog is required in order for a more reliable assessment to be made. Overall, the results presented in this study provide evidence-based information for the management of climate change impacts as well as the development of appropriate adaptation responses at a local scale.

scholarly journals A systematic approach to assess human wellbeing demonstrated for impacts of climate change

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tabea K. Lissner ◽  
Dominik E. Reusser ◽  
Tobia Lakes ◽  
Jürgen P. Kropp
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Systematic Approach ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Climate Impact ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Adaptation Measures ◽  
Influence Matrix ◽  
Impact Pathways

AbstractClimate change impacts will affect many important societal sectors, with potential negative consequences for human well-being and livelihoods, however an integrated and systematic measure to assess the state of livelihood conditions in this context is not available. At the same time, human livelihoods and wellbeing are an important part of (social) sustainability. Yet, aspects of human needs and well-being within assessments of sustainability are criticised for being arbitrary and incomplete. This paper presents a systematic approach to assess Adequate Human livelihood conditions for wEll-being And Development (AHEAD) on a regional to global scale. Based on an interdisciplinary literature review, we first select a consistent set of elements that allow to describe and quantify well-being and livelihoods. In a second step, we analyze documented associations between the elements to outline climate impact pathways and indirect effects of changes in single system components, using an influence matrix. The novel approach provides an important first step to point towards climate change adaptation measures, which most effectively increase human well-being, while identifying potential unintended side-effects. Even though there are some limitations to assessing well-being and livelihoods on a global scale, a consistent measure of AHEAD is of utmost importance for future sustainability and climate impact analyses.

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