scholarly journals Are tidal predictions a good guide to future extremes? – a critique of the Witness King Tides project

Ocean Science ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 703-714
Author(s):  
John Hunter
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Tide Gauge ◽  
Tide Gauge Records ◽  
The West ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Good Guide ◽  
Using Data

Abstract. An analysis of the viability of the Witness King Tides project (hereafter called WKT) using data from the GESLA-2 database of quasi-global tide-gauge records is described. The results indicate regions of the world where a key criterion for a WKT project (that it be executed on a day of unusually high sea level) would likely be met (e.g. the west coast of the USA) and others where it would not (e.g. the east coast of North America). Recommendations are made both for assessments that should be made prior to a WKT project and also for an alternative to WKT projects.

scholarly journals Are tidal predictions a good guide to future extremes? – a critique of the Witness King Tides Project

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Hunter
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
West Coast ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Tide Gauge ◽  
Tide Gauge Records ◽  
The West ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Good Guide ◽  
Using Data

Abstract. An analysis of the viability of the Witness King Tides Project (hereafter called WKT) using data from the GESLA-2 database of quasi-global tide-gauge records is described. The results indicate regions of the world where WKT should perform well (e.g. the west coast of the USA) and others where it would not (e.g. the east coast of North America). Recommendations are made both for assessments that should be made prior to a WKT project, and also for an alternative to WKT projects.

scholarly journals Monarch butterflies cross the Appalachians from the west to recolonize the east coast of North America

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan G. Miller ◽  
Leonard I. Wassenaar ◽  
Keith A. Hobson ◽  
D. Ryan Norris
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Direct Evidence ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Gulf Coast ◽  
Danaus Plexippus ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Eastern United States ◽  
The West ◽  
Monarch Butterflies ◽  
The Usa

Each spring, millions of monarch butterflies ( Danaus plexippus ) migrate from overwintering sites in Mexico to recolonize eastern North America. However, few monarchs are found along the east coast of the USA until mid-summer. Brower (Brower, L. P. 1996 J. Exp. Biol. 199, 93–103.) proposed that east coast recolonization is accomplished by individuals migrating from the west over the Appalachians, but to date no evidence exists to support this hypothesis. We used hydrogen ( δ D) and carbon ( δ 13 C) stable isotope measurements to estimate natal origins of 90 monarchs sampled from 17 sites along the eastern United States coast. We found the majority of monarchs (88%) originated in the mid-west and Great Lakes regions, providing, to our knowledge, the first direct evidence that second generation monarchs born in June complete a ( trans -) longitudinal migration across the Appalachian mountains. The remaining individuals (12%) originated from parents that migrated directly from the Gulf coast during early spring. Our results provide evidence of a west to east longitudinal migration and provide additional rationale for conserving east coast populations by identifying breeding sources.

scholarly journals Use of Oceanic Reanalysis to Improve Estimates of Extreme Storm Surge

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (11) ◽  
pp. 2205-2219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Zhai ◽  
Blair Greenan ◽  
Richard Thomson ◽  
Scott Tinis
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Storm Surge ◽  
West Coast ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Tide Gauge ◽  
Steric Effects ◽  
Tide Gauge Records ◽  
The West ◽  
Sea Level Variability

AbstractA storm surge hindcast for the west coast of Canada was generated for the period 1980–2016 using a 2D nonlinear barotropic Princeton Ocean Model forced by hourly Climate Forecast System Reanalysis wind and sea level pressure. Validation of the modeled storm surges using tide gauge records has indicated that there are extensive areas of the British Columbia coast where the model does not capture the processes that determine the sea level variability on intraseasonal and interannual time scales. Some of the discrepancies are linked to large-scale fluctuations, such as those arising from major El Niño and La Niña events. By applying an adjustment to the hindcast using an ocean reanalysis product that incorporates large-scale sea level variability and steric effects, the variance of the error of the adjusted surges is significantly reduced (by up to 50%) compared to that of surges from the barotropic model. The importance of baroclinic dynamics and steric effects to accurate storm surge forecasting in this coastal region is demonstrated, as is the need to incorporate decadal-scale, basin-specific oceanic variability into the estimation of extreme coastal sea levels. The results improve long-term extreme water level estimates and allowances for the west coast of Canada in the absence of long-term tide gauge records data.

scholarly journals Accounting for Accelerated East Coast Sea Level Rise

Eos ◽  
2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terri Cook
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Tide Gauge ◽  
Ice Sheet ◽  
Greenland Ice Sheet ◽  
Physical Models ◽  
Tide Gauge Records

An analysis of tide gauge records and physical models shows acceleration of sea level rise on the East Coast due to melting of the Greenland Ice Sheet is especially pronounced south of 40°N latitude.

scholarly journals Impacts of Future Sea-Level Rise under Global Warming Assessed from Tide Gauge Records: A Case Study of the East Coast Economic Region of Peninsular Malaysia

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1382
Author(s):  
Milad Bagheri ◽  
Zelina Z. Ibrahim ◽  
Mohd Fadzil Akhir ◽  
Bahareh Oryani ◽  
Shahabaldin Rezania ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Tide Gauge ◽  
Sea Level Change ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Tide Gauge Records ◽  
Level Change

The effects of global warming are putting the world’s coasts at risk. Coastal planners need relatively accurate projections of the rate of sea-level rise and its possible consequences, such as extreme sea-level changes, flooding, and coastal erosion. The east coast of Peninsular Malaysia is vulnerable to sea-level change. The purpose of this study is to present an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model to analyse sea-level change based on observed data of tide gauge, rainfall, sea level pressure, sea surface temperature, and wind. A Feed-forward Neural Network (FNN) approach was used on observed data from 1991 to 2012 to simulate and predict the sea level change until 2020 from five tide gauge stations in Kuala Terengganu along the East Coast of Malaysia. From 1991 to 2020, predictions estimate that sea level would increase at a pace of roughly 4.60 mm/year on average, with a rate of 2.05 ± 7.16 mm on the East Coast of Peninsular Malaysia. This study shows that Peninsular Malaysia’s East Coast is vulnerable to sea-level rise, particularly at Kula Terengganu, Terengganu state, with a rate of 1.38 ± 7.59 mm/year, and Tanjung Gelang, Pahang state, with a rate of 1.87 ± 7.33 mm/year. As a result, strategies and planning for long-term adaptation are needed to control potential consequences. Our research provides crucial information for decision-makers seeking to protect coastal cities from the risks of rising sea levels.

scholarly journals Quantification of migrant hoverfly movements (Diptera: Syrphidae) on the West Coast of North America

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 190153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myles H. M. Menz ◽  
Brian V. Brown ◽  
Karl R. Wotton
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
West Coast ◽  
Life Histories ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Seasonal Migration ◽  
Science Data ◽  
The West ◽  
Video Footage ◽  
San Luis ◽  
The Usa

The seasonal migration of huge numbers of hoverflies is frequently reported in Europe from mountain passes or spurs of land. The movement of such large numbers of beneficial insects is thought to provide significant ecosystem services in terms of pollination and pest control. Observations from the East Coast of the USA during the 1920s indicate the presence of migratory life histories among some hoverfly species there, but 90 years have now passed since the last reported observation of hoverfly migration in the USA. Here, we analyse video footage taken during a huge northward migration of hoverflies on 20 April 2017 on the West Coast of California. The quantification of migrant numbers from this footage allows us to estimate the passage of over 100 000 hoverflies in half an hour over a 200 m section of headland in Montaña de Oro State Park (San Luis Obispo County). Field collections and analysis of citizen science data indicate different species from the previously reported Eristalis tenax migrations on the East Coast of the USA and provide evidence for migration among North American hoverflies. We wish to raise awareness of this phenomenon and suggest approaches to advance the study of hoverfly migration in North America and elsewhere.

scholarly journals Nonlinear absolute sea-level patterns in the long-term-trend tide gauges of the East Coast of North America

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Alberto Boretti
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Tide Gauge ◽  
Tide Gauges ◽  
Sea Levels ◽  
Term Trend ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Long Term Trend

Abstract The paper provides an estimate of the latest relative and absolute rates of rise and accelerations of the sea levels for the East Coast of North America. The computation is based on the long-term trend (LTT) tide gauge records of the relative sea levels and the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) time series of the absolute position of fixed dome nearby the tide gauges. The GNSS result is used to infer the subsidence or uplift of the tide gauge instrument. The data of 33 LTT tide stations with more than 80 years of data are shown. The average relative sea-level rise is +2.22 mm/yr. subjected to a small, positive average acceleration of +0.0027 mm/yr2. The average absolute velocity of the tide gauge instruments is −0.52 mm/yr. translating in an average absolute sea-level rise of +1.70 mm/yr. This is the first paper publishing a comprehensive survey of the absolute sea-level rates of rise along the East Coast of North America using the reliable information of relative sea-level rates of rise from LTT tide gauges, plus the absolute subsidence rates from GNSS antennas that are close to the tide gauges installations.

scholarly journals Nonlinear absolute sea-level patterns in the long-term-trend tide gauges of the West Coast of North America

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 382-397
Author(s):  
Alberto Boretti
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
West Coast ◽  
Tide Gauge ◽  
Relative Rate ◽  
Tide Gauges ◽  
The West ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Long Term Trend

AbstractThe research issue of which are the present relative and absolute rates of rise and accelerations for North America is here addressed. The data of the 20 long-term-trend (LTT) tide stations of the West Coast of North America with more than 80 years of recorded data are shown. The absolute rates of rise are computed by considering the absolute vertical velocity of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) antennas near the tide gauges, and the relative rate of sea-level rise from the tide gauge signals. The 20 LTT stations along the West Coast of North America show an average relative rate of rise of -0.38 mm/yr., an average acceleration of +0.0012 mm/yr2, and an average absolute rate of rise of +0.73 mm/yr. This is the first paper publishing a comprehensive survey of the absolute sea-level rates of rise along the West Coast of North America using the reliable information of relative sea-level rates of rise from LTT tide gauges plus the absolute subsidence rates from different GNSS antennas close to the tide gauge installations.

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