Conceptual framework to ensure water security in Ukraine

Abstract. As a result of global climate change against the background of natural water supply deterioration and river water content reductions, nowadays Ukraine is facing the problem of environmental degradation of river basins. In light of this, we suggest that achieving an acceptable level of water security in Ukraine should be defined as the strategic objective of national water policy. The state of national water security should be evaluated by its progress in certain sectors. The basic principles of the new water policy of Ukraine are supposed to be represented in Water Strategy of Ukraine. Integrated water management by the basin principle should serve as the main tool for achieving the objectives of water security.

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Seawater desalination as an option to alleviate water scarcity in South Africa: the need for a strategic approach to planning and environmental decision-making

Journal of Water Reuse and Desalination ◽

10.2166/wrd.2014.035 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 4 (4) ◽

pp. 287-293 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

G. O. Schreiner ◽

R. C. van Ballegooyen ◽

W. Osman

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Water Policy ◽

Large Scale ◽

Water Security ◽

Bulk Water ◽

Policy Makers ◽

Environmental Decision Making ◽

Strategic Approach ◽

Seawater Reverse Osmosis ◽

National Water

In the last decade, seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) has come to be seen by policy-makers as a novel technology that will significantly advance water security in South African coastal regions. Water purveyors, from the private sector, local/district municipalities and provincial authorities, are undertaking studies to explore the feasibility of SWRO to meet growing demand and relieve mounting pressure on current bulk water supply infrastructure. With this in mind, it is suggested that national strategic planning should be introduced to present the opportunities and constraints of the desalination option within the national water and energy policy. In absence of this, piece-meal decisions will be made at local authority levels and the construction of SWRO plants will be determined by regional circumstances (e.g. drought) as opposed to national water policy agenda. This paper explores the value of such a strategy by considering the drivers of SWRO in South Africa, the risk of unplanned large-scale SWRO implementation (with a focus on environmental impacts) and the initial steps that could be taken toward a Strategic Environmental Assessment for SWRO in South Africa.

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Tracking Global Climate Change: Microfossil Record of the Planetary Heat Pump

The Paleontological Society Papers ◽

10.1017/s1089332600003338 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 2 ◽

pp. 263-281

Author(s):

Paul Loubere

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Global Climate Change ◽

Large Scale ◽

Global Climate ◽

Heat Distribution ◽

Basic Principles ◽

Scientific Disciplines ◽

Distribution Process ◽

Real Importance ◽

Societal Interest

The objective of this exercise set is to integrate knowledge from several scientific disciplines and learn something interesting about the way the world works. I want to use some basic principles from physics, biology, and geology to see how a large scale planetary process, the transport of heat over the earths surface, operates and has operated over time. This topic is of basic scientific interest, and it has real importance to the growing societal interest in global climate change. This applies whether natural variation in climate or human induced change are under discussion. The set of exercises that follows will examine how energy is absorbed by the earth from the sun; how and why this energy is distributed over the earth's surface; what controls energy distribution; how we can track the energy distributing process using the oceanic microfossil record; and what that record shows us about variation of heat distribution with time. This is an exercise in global climate change because the climate system is driven by the heat distribution process.

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Conserving Rivers and Their Biodiversity in Tanzania

Water ◽

10.3390/w11122612 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (12) ◽

pp. 2612 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Nadia A. Seeteram ◽

Pendo T. Hyera ◽

Lulu T. Kaaya ◽

Makarius C. S. Lalika ◽

Elizabeth P. Anderson

Keyword(s):

Water Policy ◽

Human Population ◽

River Flow ◽

Current Knowledge ◽

Water Security ◽

Environmental Flow ◽

United Republic ◽

United Republic Of Tanzania ◽

River Conservation ◽

National Water

The United Republic of Tanzania (Tanzania) is rich in freshwater resources and biodiversity. In this article, we highlight the importance of Tanzanian rivers and make a case for the conservation of the freshwater and terrestrial species that rely on these rivers. We provide an overview of current knowledge on Tanzanian rivers and discuss progress towards implementation of the National Water Policy (2002) and Water Management Act (2009), two legislative instruments that have motivated environmental flow assessments on at least six major rivers and offer legal backing for river conservation. We examine major challenges that pose significant threats to water security for river ecosystems and humans in Tanzania, among those: (1) human population growth, (2) agricultural expansion, (3) river flow alterations, (4) industrialization, (5) introduced species, and (6) climate change. We conclude by offering recommendations for future river conservation efforts in Tanzania.

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