scholarly journals Local Authorities as Peace Factors/Actors/ Workers

2000 ◽  
pp. 860-872 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johan Gartung
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Nongovernmental Organizations ◽  
Human Nature ◽  
Transnational Corporations ◽  
Intergovernmental Organizations ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
The World ◽  
Civil Societies

The world is a system, meaning inter-connected, with inter- connections among the inter-connections. But what are the inter-connected, related components, units, elements, in this set? Obviously they are the triad of modernity: states, corporations, civil societies, and their projections on the world scene, that is, the intergovernmental organizations, the transnational corporations, and the nongovernmental organizations (international civil society). Thoughtful students would ask, how about us, humans? The more ecologically minded will add non-human nature. But when prodded, “what else is there in the world?” very few come up with a rather obvious answer: the local authorities. And they are numerous, in the low millions, ranging from the megalopolis down to the smallest little municipality wherever.

scholarly journals Nasyr Da‘watu al-Tasawwuf sl-Ijtimā‘ī li Mukāfahati sl-Irhāb wa al-Tatarruf

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Rizqa Ahmadi
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Human Nature ◽  
Human Being ◽  
The World

Terrorism and radicalism are arguably against religion, law, and human nature. None of the religions on this earth encourage both actions. Whenever those doctrines are found and spread, it must be coming from a corrupt source. Terrorism and extremism are necessary and urgent issues. Both have become the enemy of all government in the world. The governments have tried to resist and fight against it in several ways and methods, but this case is still continued until our time now but grew and prospered. Based on this recent situation, this research reveals an issue, i.e. how Social Mysticism (al-Tasawuf al-Ijtima’i) and its characteristics became an approach to fighting terrorism and radicalism. Social Mysticism is an applicative formula for the teachings of mysticism and Sufism. This kind of mysticism teaches humanism value that elevates the dignity of human being. Social mysticism teaches tolerance and compassion among people, whatever their religion and their beliefs. It is in contrary to the thought of the terrorist and takfiri group that called to rigorism, violence, and bombing in the name of religion. Social mysticism gives an example through practical ways, e.g. moral of being noble, altruism and friendship. These morals are key in establishing a proper civil society.

scholarly journals Transnational Corporations and Global Governance

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim Bartley
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Nongovernmental Organizations ◽  
Global Governance ◽  
Transnational Corporations ◽  
Corporate Power ◽  
Environmental Regimes ◽  
Private Standards ◽  
The World ◽  
Corporate Actions ◽  
National Governments

Scholars and critics often lament that corporations rule the world, but predominant accounts of global governance imply almost the opposite: With theories populated by national governments and intergovernmental and nongovernmental organizations, it might appear that nearly everyone except corporations writes the rules that govern across borders. This article compiles research on the varied ways in which multinational and transnational corporations have shaped global governance, drawing attention to the contours and limits of corporate power. Corporations can be seen variously as sponsors, inhibitors, and direct providers of global governance. They have, for example, been sponsors of neoliberal trade rules, inhibitors of some labor and environmental regimes, and providers of private standards for finance, safety, sustainability, and human rights. Scholars may be tempted to focus on just one of these roles or to presume unified corporate dominance, but it is important to grapple with all three and to investigate the conditions under which corporate actions are more or less unified and decisive.

Civilisation and Decivilisation, Civil Society and Violence

1995 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Mennell
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
The West ◽  
Indirect Connection ◽  
Inaugural Lecture ◽  
The World ◽  
University College ◽  
Civil Societies

In the written version of his inaugural lecture as Professor of Sociology at University College, Dublin, the author emphasises that despite the direct or indirect connection of most sociological concerns with questions intrinsic to civil society, contemporary ‘meliorist’ sociology in the West takes the existence of a relatively peaceful civil society for granted. This assumption is anything but justified. Ironically, the birth of sociology itself was intricately bound up with the relatively extraordinary circumstances which have led to the emergence of orderly civil societies in some parts of the world. The author explores crucial preconditions for and aspects of civil society - in particular, habitus and the problem of violence. He situates this dual problematic within that of the development of multi-layered forms of globalisation, demonstrating both the power and the fragility of civil society. The indispensability of the processes concerned, as well as their proneness to interruption, lead the author to conclude that deepening their understanding of civil society is a task of such urgency that sociologists can no longer afford to neglect it.

scholarly journals WORLD AND NATIONAL PRINCIPLES OF ORGANIZATION, FUNCTIONING AND FINANCING OF CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATIONS

2019 ◽  
pp. 378-390
Author(s):  
Iryna TKACHUK
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Nongovernmental Organizations ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Systematic Approach ◽  
Civil Society Organizations ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
State Control ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
The World

The article discusses and generalizes the principles of creation, operation and financing of civil society organizations that are used and understood in international practice. Specialized legal acts regulating the activity of nongovernmental organizations in Ukraine have been analyzed to determine the principles of activity and financing of non-governmental organizations.Also, their compliance with the principles approved by the world-wide authoritative civil society organizations was investigated. It is revealed that not all national regulative acts contain the following principles. This situation creates significant difficulties for the activities of certain types of non-governmental organizations in Ukraine (including the formation and using of financial resources) and complicates the process of state control over civil society institutions. Thus, it is suggested to use a systematic approach, which should amend the regulations governing the activities of non-governmental organizations in Ukraine in order to remedy these shortcomings.

Management of sustainable innovation for national development

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Alvaro Cristian Sánchez Mercado
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Innovation Management ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
National Development ◽  
Main Research ◽  
The World ◽  
End Use ◽  
Research Centres ◽  
Scientific And Technological Development

Throughout history the development of the countries has been generated mainly by the impulse in two complementary axes: Science and Technology, and Trade. At present we are experiencing an exponential scientific and technological development and the Economy in all its fronts is driven by the intensive application of technology. According to these considerations, this research tries to expose the development of Innovation Management as a transversal mechanism to promote the different socioeconomic areas and especially those supported by engineering. To this end, use will be made of Technology Watch in order to identify the advances of the main research centres related to innovation in the world. Next, there will be an evaluation of the main models of Innovation Management and related methodologies that expose some of the existing Innovation Observatories in the world to finally make a proposal for Innovation Management applicable to the reality of Peru, so that it can be taken into consideration by stakeholders (Government, Academy, Business and Civil Society) committed to Innovation Management in the country

A Bifurcated Global Nuclear Order

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramesh Thakur
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Nuclear Weapons ◽  
Arms Control ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Nuclear Deterrence ◽  
Nuclear War ◽  
The World ◽  
The United Nations

The very destructiveness of nuclear weapons makes them unusable for ethical and military reasons. The world has placed growing restrictions on the full range of nuclear programs and activities. But with the five NPT nuclear powers failing to eliminate nuclear arsenals, other countries acquiring the bomb, arms control efforts stalled, nuclear risks climbing, and growing awareness of the catastrophic humanitarian consequences of nuclear war, the United Nations adopted a new treaty to ban the bomb. Some technical anomalies between the 1968 and 2017 treaties will need to be harmonized and the nuclear-armed states’ rejection of the ban treaty means it will not eliminate any nuclear warheads. However, it will have a significant normative impact in stigmatizing the possession, use and threat of use of nuclear weapons and serve as a tool for civil society to mobilize domestic and world public opinion against the doctrine of nuclear deterrence.

scholarly journals Waste Plastic, the Challenge Facing Developing Countries—Ban It, Change It, Collect It?

Recycling ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Godfrey
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Unintended Consequences ◽  
Consumption Patterns ◽  
Waste Collection ◽  
Waste Plastic ◽  
The World ◽  
Single Solution ◽  
Single Use ◽  
Taking Action

With changing consumption patterns, growing populations and increased urbanisation, developing countries face significant challenges with regards to waste management. Waste plastic is a particularly problematic one, with single-use plastic leaking into the environment, including the marine environment, at an unprecedented rate. Around the world, countries are taking action to minimise these impacts, including banning single-use plastics; changing petroleum-based plastics to alternative bio-benign products such as paper, glass or biodegradable plastics; and improving waste collection systems to ensure that all waste is appropriately collected and reprocessed or safely disposed. However, these “solutions” are often met with resistance, from business, government or civil society, due to the intended and unintended consequences, leaving many questioning the most appropriate solution to reducing the leakage. This paper argues that there is no one single solution to addressing the leakage of plastic into the environment, but that the solution is likely to be a combination of the three approaches, based on local considerations.

Japan Meets the Sharing Economy: Contending Frames

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas G ALTURA ◽  
Yuki HASHIMOTO ◽  
Sanford M JACOBY ◽  
Kaoru KANAI ◽  
Kazuro SAGUCHI
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Social Problems ◽  
Prime Minister ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
The World ◽  
Framing Processes ◽  
Regulatory Institutions

Abstract The ‘sharing economy’ epitomized by Airbnb and Uber has challenged business, labor, and regulatory institutions throughout the world. The arrival of Airbnb and Uber in Japan provided an opportunity for Prime Minister Abe’s administration to demonstrate its commitment to deregulation. Both platform companies garnered support from powerful governmental and industry actors who framed the sharing economy as a solution to various economic and social problems. However, they met resistance from actors elsewhere in government, the private sector, and civil society, who constructed competing frames. Unlike studies that compare national responses to the sharing economy, we contrast the different experiences and fates of Airbnb and Uber within a single country. Doing so highlights actors, framing processes, and within-country heterogeneity. The study reveals the limits of overly institutionalized understandings of Japanese political economy. It also contributes to current debates concerning Prime Minister Abe’s efforts at implementing deregulation during the 2010s.

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