The World Bank's partnership with nongovernmental organizations

1996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Nongovernmental Organizations ◽  
The World

scholarly journals Employment issue in the journals of the Special Council on State Defense (1915-1917)

2021 ◽  
pp. 12-25
Author(s):  
Irina Shilnikova ◽  
Georgii Georgievich Kasarov
Keyword(s):  
World War I ◽  
Nongovernmental Organizations ◽  
Negotiation Process ◽  
World War ◽  
Considerable Part ◽  
The World ◽  
The Government ◽  
State Defense ◽  
Soviet Historiography ◽  
Employment Issue

Soviet historiography features a thesis that in the course of struggle against industrial strikes in Russia during the World War I, the government applied solely repressive measures, including armed suppression of worker strikes, prosecution, imprisonment, and conscription. The reports of proceedings of Special Council on State Defense, which was composed of the representatives of key ministries, State Soviet, State Duma, as well as entrepreneurial circles and nongovernmental organizations, allowed the government representatives to more objectively understand the essence of the “employment issue” in the conditions of protracted war and possible methods of its solution, including prevention of strikes, especially at the enterprises involved in execution of defense orders. The article presents the analysis of the content of discussions and decisions on the employment issue adopted within the framework of Special Council for ensuring steady operation of factories and preventing downtime as a result of strikes and quitting of employees. It is worth noting that a considerable part of political and military figures, major industrialists supported peaceful methods of solution the employment issue, such as negotiation process, seeking compromises, creation of reconciliation chambers and other specific authorities. However, the absence of an agreement and interaction between different departments impeded the development and implementation of prompt and effective measures to address the employment issue.

scholarly journals Local Authorities as Peace Factors/Actors/ Workers

2000 ◽  
pp. 860-872 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johan Gartung
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Nongovernmental Organizations ◽  
Human Nature ◽  
Transnational Corporations ◽  
Intergovernmental Organizations ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
The World ◽  
Civil Societies

The world is a system, meaning inter-connected, with inter- connections among the inter-connections. But what are the inter-connected, related components, units, elements, in this set? Obviously they are the triad of modernity: states, corporations, civil societies, and their projections on the world scene, that is, the intergovernmental organizations, the transnational corporations, and the nongovernmental organizations (international civil society). Thoughtful students would ask, how about us, humans? The more ecologically minded will add non-human nature. But when prodded, “what else is there in the world?” very few come up with a rather obvious answer: the local authorities. And they are numerous, in the low millions, ranging from the megalopolis down to the smallest little municipality wherever.

The Fifty-Fifth Session of the UN Commission on Human Rights

2000 ◽  
Vol 94 (1) ◽  
pp. 189-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Dennis
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Nongovernmental Organizations ◽  
United Nations ◽  
The State ◽  
Secretary General ◽  
The World ◽  
Fundamental Freedoms ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
Kofi Annan

The fifty-fifth session of the United Nations Commission on Human Rights took place in Geneva from March 22 to April 30, 1999, and was chaired by Ambassador Anne Anderson of Ireland. The Commission reviewed the state of human rights and fundamental freedoms in the world, adopting eighty-two resolutions, fifty-eight by consensus, and thirteen decisions.More than thirty-two hundred participants represented fifty-three member and ninety-one observer states, over two hundred nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), and some fiftyfive specialized agencies and other organizations. Secretary-General Kofi Annan underscored the priority he attaches to human rights by stating that “the promodon and defense of human rights is at the heart of every aspect of our work and every article of our Charter. ”

scholarly journals Global Challenges to Preparedness and Response Regimes

2003 ◽  
Vol 2003 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-44
Author(s):  
Alexis Steen ◽  
Robert Pond ◽  
David Salt ◽  
Michael deBettencourt ◽  
Michael Julian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nongovernmental Organizations ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Critical Elements ◽  
Global Challenges ◽  
Recommendations For Action ◽  
The World ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Participant Understanding ◽  
International Conventions

ABSTRACT The International Oil Spill Conference sponsored a workshop entitled “Global Challenges to Preparedness and Response” held in London, England, November 12–14, 2002. The Workshop brought more than 25 government, industry, and nongovernmental organizations representatives together to analyze the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats relative to government-led and industry-led response regimes around the world. Over the course of three days, a team of facilitators led participants through a series of response scenarios, alternating between small break out sessions followed by plenary sessions, to develop consensus on a framework for preparedness and response. Each scenario built on previous ones to further participant understanding and concurrence on the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats facing regimes around the world. Participants rapidly concluded that all responses to significant incidents are government-led, with varying degrees of industry involvement. The framework for successful regimes was identified. The Workshop conclusions encompass three broad areas: 1) similarities and differences among models and regimes; 2) benefits of international conventions; and 3) critical elements in the preparedness cycle. Participants put forth specific challenges (recommendations for action) to all nations.

scholarly journals Transnational Corporations and Global Governance

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim Bartley
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Nongovernmental Organizations ◽  
Global Governance ◽  
Transnational Corporations ◽  
Corporate Power ◽  
Environmental Regimes ◽  
Private Standards ◽  
The World ◽  
Corporate Actions ◽  
National Governments

Scholars and critics often lament that corporations rule the world, but predominant accounts of global governance imply almost the opposite: With theories populated by national governments and intergovernmental and nongovernmental organizations, it might appear that nearly everyone except corporations writes the rules that govern across borders. This article compiles research on the varied ways in which multinational and transnational corporations have shaped global governance, drawing attention to the contours and limits of corporate power. Corporations can be seen variously as sponsors, inhibitors, and direct providers of global governance. They have, for example, been sponsors of neoliberal trade rules, inhibitors of some labor and environmental regimes, and providers of private standards for finance, safety, sustainability, and human rights. Scholars may be tempted to focus on just one of these roles or to presume unified corporate dominance, but it is important to grapple with all three and to investigate the conditions under which corporate actions are more or less unified and decisive.

Transnational Diffusion and Regional Resistance: Domestic LGBT Association Founding, 1979–2009

Social Forces ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tara Gonsalves
Keyword(s):  
Nongovernmental Organizations ◽  
Foreign Aid ◽  
World Society ◽  
Cultural Norms ◽  
Regional Culture ◽  
International Nongovernmental Organizations ◽  
Cultural Diffusion ◽  
The World ◽  
Negative Effect

Abstract In recent decades, scholars of world cultural diffusion have begun to examine the structure of the world society itself, finding evidence of regionalization within the network of international nongovernmental organizations (INGOs). There is little research, however, on how the structure of world society shapes processes of transnational diffusion. In this paper, I propose that the regionalization of world society, measured through INGO membership composition, structures the transnational diffusion of cultural norms like LGBT associations. Analyzing an original, comprehensive dataset of 3,141 domestic, voluntary LGBT associations founded between 1979 and 2009, I find that countries embedded in anti-LGBT regions are more resistant to the diffusion of domestic LGBT associations. I further find that the negative effect of embeddedness in anti-LGBT regions on domestic LGBT association founding is weakened by dependence on Western foreign aid. The findings highlight the importance of examining the composition of INGOs as well as attending to the role of regional culture in studies of transnational diffusion.

Introduction

2017 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Keyword(s):  
Nongovernmental Organizations ◽  
Human Life ◽  
World Community ◽  
Humanitarian Interventions ◽  
The World ◽  
Western Perspective

This chapter provides an overview of the complex humanitarian interventions from a Western perspective by examining the scenarios that are associated with the Afghan war, and its surrounding policy dilemmas. There are many ways for the world community to respond to a troubled region. Each of these responses has its own set of consequences and none is without problems. The costs, both in monetary terms and human life, can be quite high. Often, several different approaches are taken simultaneously by different governmental and nongovernmental organizations. The question posed is whether these action are more effective if they are integrated, and what form this integration should take.

Atmospheric Accountants: Entrepreneurial Authority and the Greenhouse Gas Protocol

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica F. Green
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
United States ◽  
European Union ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Nongovernmental Organizations ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
The United States ◽  
The World ◽  
Corporate Level

This chapter examines a case of entrepreneurial authority in the climate change regime: the Greenhouse Gas Protocol. The protocol is a set of accounting standards to measure and report greenhouse gas emissions created by individual firms. These standards were created by two nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), the World Resources Institute (WRI) and the World Business Council on Sustainable Development (WBCSD), and have subsequently become one of the most widely accepted accounting methodologies for measuring and reporting emissions. The chapter explains how these NGOs were able to insert themselves into the policy process while the United States and European Union were arguing about an appropriate role for emissions trading. In particular, it considers the success of WRI and WBCSD in creating the de facto standard for GHG emissions accounting at the firm (or “corporate”) level.

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