scholarly journals NON - PHARMACOLOGICAL PAIN MANAGEMENT IN POSTOPERATIVE CARE OF SCHOOL - AGE CHILDREN

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 71-79
Author(s):  
Svajūnė Goštautaitė ◽  
Viktorija Piščalkienė ◽  
Sari Laanterä ◽  
Leena Uosukainen
Keyword(s):  
Pain Management ◽  
Pain Assessment ◽  
Assessment Methods ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Parental Assessment ◽  
Subjective Pain ◽  
Data Content ◽  
Children's Pain

The aim of this study was to evaluate children‘s postoperative pain assessment and management methods applied in practice by nurses from Lithuania and Finland. Methods. Individual in - depth semi - structured interviews by non - probabilic snowball (network) and purposive sampling, data content analysis. 20 nurses in Lithuania and 5 nurses in Finland, who work at pediatric surgical and pediatric wards, where children after surgeries are treated. Results. The research has shown differences between postoperative school - age children‘s pain management practise by Lithuanian and Finnish nurses. Lithuanian nurses use smaller variety of these methods than nurses from Finland. All nurses agree that non - pharmacological children pain management is effective and useful. Conclusions. The usage of subjective and objective pain assessment methods by Finnish and Lithuanian nurses is similar, just Lithuanians mostly trust subjective verbal and objective behavioral, appearance pain assessment methods, whereas Finnish combine and use all the subjective pain assessment methods like verbal, parental assessment and using scales as well as objective behavioural assessment. There is a difference between pain management practise by Finnish and Lithuanian nurses. Finnish nurses evenly use all of non - pharmacological methods, whereas Lithuanian nurses mostly trust on physical and rehabilitation methods as well as communication.

scholarly journals Pre-Hospital Pain Management in Children with Injuries: A Retrospective Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (14) ◽  
pp. 3056
Author(s):  
Ada Holak ◽  
Michał Czapla ◽  
Marzena Zielińska
Keyword(s):  
Pain Management ◽  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Pain Assessment ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Numeric Rating Scale ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Medical Teams

Background: The all-too-frequent failure to rate pain intensity, resulting in the lack of or inadequacy of pain management, has long ceased to be an exclusive problem of the young patient, becoming a major public health concern. This study aimed to evaluate the methods used for reducing post-traumatic pain in children and the frequency of use of such methods. Additionally, the methods of pain assessment and the frequency of their application in this age group were analysed. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 2452 medical records of emergency medical teams dispatched to injured children aged 0–18 years in the area around Warsaw (Poland). Results: Of all injured children, 1% (20 out of 2432) had their pain intensity rated, and the only tool used for this assessment was the numeric rating scale (NRS). Children with burns most frequently received a single analgesic drug or cooling (56.2%), whereas the least frequently used method was multimodal treatment combining pharmacotherapy and cooling (13.5%). Toddlers constituted the largest percentage of patients who were provided with cooling (12%). Immobilisation was most commonly used in adolescents (29%) and school-age children (n = 186; 24%). Conclusions: Low frequency of pain assessment emphasises the need to provide better training in the use of various pain rating scales and protocols. What is more, non-pharmacological methods (cooling and immobilisation) used for reducing pain in injured children still remain underutilized.

scholarly journals Artistic activities and creativity in argentinian school-age children

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Krumm ◽  
Viviana Lemos
Keyword(s):  
Creative Thinking ◽  
Peer Assessment ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Personality Scale ◽  
Parental Assessment ◽  
Creative Personality ◽  
The Creation

This work intended to assess whether performing artistic activities influence Creativity. To this end, 301 children aged 8-14 years were assessed. Creativity was studied from a multicomponent assessment, by means of diverse techniques (i.e., sociograms, tests and scales) and different informants (i.e., peers, parents and the child himself/herself). The results consistently indicated that children who perform artistic activities obtained higher scores in Creativity assessed by: the creation of drawings (figural test of the Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking), parental assessment and the child’s creative personality self-assessment (Creative personality scale hetero and auto-evaluation version, Garaigordobil, 2004) and peer assessment (Garaigordobil’s Sociogram “Creative peer”, 2004).

Dynamics on the field: A focused ethnographic study of pediatric pain management at four Ghanaian hospitals

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abigail Kusi Amponsah ◽  
Evans Oduro ◽  
Victoria Bam ◽  
Joana Kyei-Dompim ◽  
Collins Kwadwo Ahoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pain Management ◽  
Pain Assessment ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Symbolic Capital ◽  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
Pediatric Care ◽  
Pediatric Pain ◽  
Improvement Programs ◽  
Children's Pain

Abstract BackgroundAs part of efforts to develop and implement a short course educational program on pediatric pain management, the current study sought to understand the culture and contextual factors that influence children’s pain management in order to improve the practice in pediatric care settings.MethodsGuided by Bourdieu’s theory of practice, a focused ethnographic study was conducted from October, 2018 to February, 2019. The study was contextualized at four Ghanaian hospitals among purposefully sampled nurses, physicians, hospitalized children and their families. During the 20-week study period, three ethnographers spent 144 hours conducting participant-observation sessions. Formal and informal interviews were held with participants in addition to review of hospital records. Results Analysis of the field data resulted in four themes. “Children’s pain expression and response of caregivers” described the disposition (habitus) of both children and caregivers to act in particular ways due to children’s incomplete health status (bodily capital) which caused them pain and also resulted in discomforting procedures. “Pharmacological pain management practices and attitudes” elucidated the use of analgesics as the mainstay disposition (habitus) in children’s pain management due to high level of respect (symbolic capital) given to such interventions on the pediatric units (field). “Managing pain without drugs” illustrated healthcare providers and family caregivers’ disposition (habitus) of using diverse nonpharmacological methods in managing children’s pain. “Communication and interaction between pain actors” depicted how children’s access to care givers (social capital) can serve as a powerful tool in influencing pediatric pain assessment and management disposition (habitus) on the pediatric units (field). ConclusionsThe habitus of pediatric pain actors toward pain assessment and management practices are influenced by various forms of capital (social, cultural, symbolic, bodily and economic) operating at different levels on the pediatric care field. Quality improvement programs that seek to enhance pediatric pain management should use the insights obtained in this study to guide the development, implementation and evaluation stages.

scholarly journals Dynamics on the field: a focused study on the culture and context of pediatric pain management at four Ghanaian hospitals

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abigail Kusi Amponsah ◽  
Evans Oduro ◽  
Victoria Bam ◽  
Joana Kyei-Dompim ◽  
Collins Kwadwo Ahoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pain Management ◽  
Pain Assessment ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Symbolic Capital ◽  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
Pediatric Care ◽  
Pediatric Pain ◽  
Improvement Programs ◽  
Children's Pain

Abstract Background As part of efforts to develop and implement a short course educational program on pediatric pain management, the current study sought to understand the culture and contextual factors that influence children’s pain management in order to improve the practice in pediatric care settings. Methods Guided by Bourdieu’s theory of practice, a focused ethnographic study was conducted from October, 2018 to February, 2019. The study was contextualized at four Ghanaian hospitals among purposefully sampled nurses, physicians, hospitalized children and their families. During the 20-week study period, three ethnographers spent 144 h conducting participant-observation sessions. Formal and informal interviews were held with participants in addition to review of hospital records. Results Analysis of the field data resulted in four themes. “Children’s pain expression and response of caregivers” described the disposition (habitus) of both children and caregivers to act in particular ways due to children’s incomplete health status (bodily capital) which caused them pain and also resulted in discomforting procedures. “Pharmacological pain management practices and attitudes” elucidated the use of analgesics as the mainstay disposition (habitus) in children’s pain management due to high level of respect (symbolic capital) given to such interventions on the pediatric units (field). “Managing pain without drugs” illustrated healthcare providers and family caregivers’ disposition (habitus) of using diverse nonpharmacological methods in managing children’s pain. “Communication and interaction between pain actors” depicted how children’s access to care givers (social capital) can serve as a powerful tool in influencing pediatric pain assessment and management disposition (habitus) on the pediatric units (field). Conclusions The habitus of pediatric pain actors toward pain assessment and management practices are influenced by various forms of capital (social, cultural, symbolic, bodily and economic) operating at different levels on the pediatric care field. Quality improvement programs that seek to enhance pediatric pain management should use the insights obtained in this study to guide the development, implementation and evaluation stages.

scholarly journals Somali mothers religious socialization and discussions around Islamophobia with their school age children

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadiyo Abdille
Keyword(s):  
Critical Race Theory ◽  
Religious Identity ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
School Age ◽  
Religious Socialization ◽  
Critical Race ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Race Theory

This small-scale study examines Somali-Canadian Muslim mothers’ religious socialization of, and discussions around Islamophobia with their school-age children. This qualitative research employs the use of semi-structured interviews with six Somali-Canadian Muslim mothers with school-age children between the ages of five to ten years. Guided by a constructivist paradigm and Critical Race Theory, three themes were identified: 1. Somali mothers use Islamic books, modeling behaviour and Islamic classes to formulate a religious identity; 2. Somali mothers suggested that age and gender are factors informing their discussions around Islamophobia and 3. Somali mothers framed curriculum on Islamophobia like curriculum on other minority groups (i.e. Jewish, LGBTQ, and Aboriginals, etc.). The mothers in this study suggested formulating a religious identity for their children to build a positive religious foundation to combat the negative perception of their religion in society. Somali-Canadian mothers stated, it is possible to represent Muslim identity and discuss Islamophobia in the classroom. Keywords: Somali mothers, religious socialization, Islamophobia, Critical race theory, anti-racism.

scholarly journals Somali mothers religious socialization and discussions around Islamophobia with their school age children

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadiyo Abdille
Keyword(s):  
Critical Race Theory ◽  
Religious Identity ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
School Age ◽  
Religious Socialization ◽  
Critical Race ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Race Theory

This small-scale study examines Somali-Canadian Muslim mothers’ religious socialization of, and discussions around Islamophobia with their school-age children. This qualitative research employs the use of semi-structured interviews with six Somali-Canadian Muslim mothers with school-age children between the ages of five to ten years. Guided by a constructivist paradigm and Critical Race Theory, three themes were identified: 1. Somali mothers use Islamic books, modeling behaviour and Islamic classes to formulate a religious identity; 2. Somali mothers suggested that age and gender are factors informing their discussions around Islamophobia and 3. Somali mothers framed curriculum on Islamophobia like curriculum on other minority groups (i.e. Jewish, LGBTQ, and Aboriginals, etc.). The mothers in this study suggested formulating a religious identity for their children to build a positive religious foundation to combat the negative perception of their religion in society. Somali-Canadian mothers stated, it is possible to represent Muslim identity and discuss Islamophobia in the classroom. Keywords: Somali mothers, religious socialization, Islamophobia, Critical race theory, anti-racism.

Recent concepts in understanding a child's pain

1991 ◽  
Vol 81 (5) ◽  
pp. 231-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
KT Mahan ◽  
DC Strelecky
Keyword(s):  
Pain Management ◽  
Pain Assessment ◽  
Psychological Aspects ◽  
Pediatric Pain ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
Assessment Techniques ◽  
Children's Pain

The management of pain in children is a complex process that has significant differences from adult pain management. The authors describe the myth of children's lack of pain and how that myth has resulted in frequent undermedication of children's pain. The authors describe the physical and psychological aspects of pain. Assessment techniques for more accurately determining pain in children are also described. The authors conclude with a description of pharmacologic aspects of pediatric pain management.

scholarly journals DAMPAK PANDEMI COVID-19 TERHADAP PERAN ORANG TUA DAN GURU DALAM MENINGKATKAN KUALITAS PEMBELAJARAN DARING ANAK USIA SEKOLAH DASAR

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-30
Author(s):  
Puji Asmaul Chusna ◽  
Ana Dwi Muji Utami
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Online Learning ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Elementary School Age ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Teachers And Parents ◽  
The Impact

This research aims to know the impact of the covid-19 pandemic on parents and teachers in improving the quality of online learning for elementary school age children, to find out the obstacles and supporters faced by teachers and parents in improving the quality of online learning for elementary school age children. This research is a qualitative descriptive study. The object of this study were teachers, students' parents, and students in the shade of MI AL-HIKMAH Talun Blitar. Data collection techniques using observation and interviews. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with a list of interview questions to be developed with related literature. The results of this study show the results that teachers always provide motivation, provide customised tasks with abilities and never squeeze in every task. Provide full guidance if needed by parents. This is also done by parents of students actively accompanying and guiding them in working on assignments. Trying to be comfortable but still disciplined to the maximum in accordance with the teacher's instructions. However, in addition to the less supportive facilities and infrastructure, they complained about the additional cost of buying an internet quota, the signals that were less supportive, children at home quickly got bored and misused when using an Android cellphone.

A Therapeutic Technique for the Improvement of Lingua-Alveolar Valving Abilities

1978 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 169-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Paul Dworkin
Keyword(s):  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Bite Block ◽  
Therapeutic Technique ◽  
Remedial Program

This study was designed to determine if a remedial program using a bite-block device could inhibit hypermandibular activity (HMA) and thereby improve the lingua-alveolar valving (LAV) abilities of four school-age children who demonstrated multiple lingua-alveolar (LA) phonemic errors. The results revealed significant improvements in LAV and LA phoneme articulatory skills in all of the children who used the bite-block device to reduce HMA subsequent to comprehensive training sessions.

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