scholarly journals Neurorehabilitation Potentials of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Post-stroke Motor and Speech Recovery

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry Liu
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Neuronal Excitability ◽  
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Stroke Recovery ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
Speech Rehabilitation ◽  
Cortical Regions ◽  
The Brain

Ischemic stroke is a consequence of diminished cerebral blood flow to cortical regions, resulting in subsequent reductions in excitability. The brain undergoes immense cortical remapping following a stroke, which can be facilitated by neuronal excitability. However, analyses of electrophysiologic recordings, cortical stimulation, and fMRI reveal a decline in the excitability of the ipsilesional hemisphere following an ischemic stroke and an increase in interhemispheric inhibition by the contralesional hemisphere. Recent findings have implicated non-invasive stimulation with post-stroke recovery through the induction of synaptic plasticity and recruitment of neurotrophic factors to the peri-infarct region. The aim of this paper is to review recent research that has beendevoted to repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and its use as a therapeutic tool in motor and speech rehabilitation via the alteration of excitability in the brain post-ischemic stroke. 

scholarly journals Administration of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Attenuates Aβ1-42-Induced Alzheimer’s Disease in Mice by Activating β-Catenin Signaling

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xueyun Chen ◽  
Shu Chen ◽  
Weidi Liang ◽  
Fang Ba
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorders ◽  
Water Maze ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Histological Staining ◽  
Neuron Apoptosis

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a noninvasive and painless technique that has been applied for the treatments of diverse neurodegenerative disorders. In the current study, its anti-Alzheimer’s disease (AD) effect was assessed and the mechanism driving the effect was explored. The AD symptoms were induced via the intracranial injection of Aβ1-42 in mice and then treated with rTMS of 1 Hz or 10 Hz. The anti-AD effect of rTMS was assessed by Morris water maze (MWM), histological staining and western blotting. The results showed that rTMS administrations of both frequencies improved the cognitive function and suppressed neuron apoptosis in AD mice. Moreover, the treatment also increased the brain BDNF, NGF, and doublecortin levels, which represented the increased viability of neurons by rTMS. The injection of Aβ1-42 also increased the expressions of p-GSK-3β, p-Tau, and p-β-catenin and suppressed the level of total β-catenin. After the treatments of rTMS, the level of β-catenin was restored, indicating the activation of β-catenin signaling. In conclusion, the findings outlined in the current study demonstrated that the anti-AD effect of rTMS was associated with the activation of β-catenin, which would promote the survival of neurons.

Role of d-serine in the beneficial effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in post-stroke patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 128-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masachika Niimi ◽  
Yuko Fujita ◽  
Tamaki Ishima ◽  
Kenji Hashimoto ◽  
Nobuyuki Sasaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Depressed Patients ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Impact

AbstractObjective:Abnormalities in neurotransmission via N-methyl-d-aspartic acid receptor (NMDAR) play a role in the pathophysiology of neuropsychiatric disorders. The impact of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on NMDAR-related amino acids remains unknown. We aim to investigate the effects of rTMS on NMDAR-related amino acids in serum of post-stroke patients.Methods:Ninety-five consecutive post-stroke patients with upper limb hemiparesis were recruited. In 27 patients, the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) score was 10 or higher. Twelve depressed patients underwent rehabilitation in combination with rTMS and 15 non-depressed patients underwent rehabilitation only without rTMS for 14 days. 1 Hz rTMS was applied to the primary motor area in the non-lesional hemisphere. BDI was conducted before and after treatment. Serum glutamine, glutamate, glycine, l-serine, and d-serine levels were measured before and after treatment.Results:There were no differences between depressed patients and non-depressed patients in clinical characteristics, levels of the five amino acids in serum, and the ratio of amino acids. However, in 27 depressed patients, there was a significant correlation between levels of glutamate in serum and BDI (ρ = 0.428, p = 0.026). BDI decreased significantly in depressed patients after treatment with or without rTMS. d-serine decreased in the rehabilitation with rTMS group, but increased in the rehabilitation without rTMS group. l-serine increased in the rehabilitation with rTMS group, but decreased in the rehabilitation without rTMS group.Conclusion:The results suggest that rTMS can modulate NMDAR-related amino acids in blood, producing beneficial effects.

Seizure induced by repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for central pain: Adapted guidelines for post-stroke patients

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 862-864 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mélanie Cogné ◽  
Cédric Gil-Jardiné ◽  
Pierre-Alain Joseph ◽  
Dominique Guehl ◽  
Bertrand Glize
Keyword(s):  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Central Pain ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Post Stroke
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