scholarly journals Evaluation of blood electrolyte alterations in cats during elec-tive laparoscopic ovariectomy

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Iulia Melega ◽  
Lucia Victoria Bel ◽  
Cosmina Andreea Dejescu ◽  
Madalina Florina Dragomir ◽  
Bogdan Sevastre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Electrolyte Imbalance ◽  
Anaesthesia Induction ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Blood Electrolytes ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Pneumoperitoneum ◽  
Blood Ph ◽  
K Concentration

In a clinical setting, we tested the hypothesis of whether hypercapnia developed during carbon dioxide pneumoperitoneum is associated with changes in blood electrolytes. This prospective study involved ten female cats that underwent elective laparoscopic ovariectomy. Venous blood samples for assessment of electrolytes were collected in the following sequence: T1- before anaesthesia induction, T2 - 10 minutes after anaesthesia induction, T3 - 30 minutes of pneumoperitoneum and T4 - at the end of pneumoperitoneum. Statistical analysis revealed AB disturbances associated with general anaesthesia and pneumoperitoneum, manifested with decreased blood pH, whereas blood PvCO2, PO2 and BE were increased. A constant increase of K+ concentration was recorded in all animals during pneumoperitoneum (P<0.05), whereas iMg registered a significant increase only at T3 (P<0.05). Correlations were recorded between blood pH and Na+, iCa, iMg, as well as between Na+ and Cl¯ at different time points during anaesthesia. No correlations were noted between pH and K+ or PvCO2 and K+. In conclusion, electrolyte imbalance represents a possible complication associated with laparoscopic surgery in healthy cats. However, further studies should investigate the causes involved in K+ concentration elevation.

scholarly journals Blood total carbon dioxide content and bicarbonate can be used together to predict blood pH correctly in venous blood samples

Renal Failure ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-146
Author(s):  
Fatih Bulucu ◽  
Mustafa Çakar ◽  
Ömer Kurt ◽  
Fatih Yeşildal ◽  
Hakan Şarlak
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Content ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Blood Ph

scholarly journals Intraocular pressure and its correlation with blood gas parameters in crested caracaras (Caracara plancus) anesthetized with isoflurane and sevoflurane

2008 ◽  
Vol 60 (6) ◽  
pp. 1461-1467
Author(s):  
A.P. Ribeiro ◽  
S.N. Vitaliano ◽  
R. Thiesen ◽  
A. Escobar ◽  
J.P. Duque Ortiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Brachial Artery ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Partial Pressure ◽  
Blood Gas ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Blood Ph ◽  
Arterial Ph ◽  
Blood Gas Parameters

The intraocular pressure (IOP) and its correlations with arterial carbon dioxide partial pressure (PaCO2) and arterial pH were studied in five crested caracaras (Caracara plancus) anesthetized with isoflurane (ISO) and sevoflurane (SEV). Baseline IOP values were measured in both eyes (M0). Brachial artery was previously catheterized to obtain blood gas and cardiorespiratory analysis. Anesthesia was induced with 5% ISO and maintained with 2.5% for 40 minutes. IOP measurements and blood samples were evaluated in different moments until the end of the procedure. After recovering, a second anesthesia was induced with 6% SEV and maintained with 3.5%. Parameters were evaluated at the same time points of the previous procedure. IOP reduced significantly (P= 0.012) from M0 at all time points and no significative changes were observed between ISO and SEV anesthesias. Correlation between IOP and PaCO2 and between PIO and blood pH were found only for SEV. IOP and blood pH decreased in parallel with IOP, whereas values of PaCO2 increased in caracaras anesthetized with isoflurane and sevoflurane.

scholarly journals Recovery-Stress Response of Blood-Based Biomarkers

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 5776
Author(s):  
Sebastian Hacker ◽  
Thomas Reichel ◽  
Anne Hecksteden ◽  
Christopher Weyh ◽  
Kristina Gebhardt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Binding ◽  
Tissue Repair ◽  
Elite Athletes ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Recovery Stress ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Time Points ◽  
S100 Calcium Binding Protein ◽  
Stress States

The purpose of this study was to investigate blood-based biomarkers and their regulation with regard to different recovery-stress states. A total of 35 male elite athletes (13 badminton, 22 soccer players) were recruited, and two venous blood samples were taken: one in a ‘recovered’ state (REC) after a minimum of one-day rest from exercise and another one in a ‘non-recovered’ state (NOR) after a habitual loading microcycle. Overall, 23 blood-based biomarkers of different physiologic domains, which address inflammation, muscle damage, and tissue repair, were analyzed by Luminex assays. Across all athletes, only creatine kinase (CK), interleukin (IL-) 6, and IL-17A showed higher concentrations at NOR compared to REC time points. In badminton players, higher levels of CK and IL-17A at NOR were found. In contrast, a higher value for S100 calcium-binding protein A8 (S100A8) at REC was found in badminton players. Similar differences were found for BDNF in soccer players. Soccer players also showed increased levels of CK, and IL-6 at NOR compared to REC state. Several molecular markers were shown to be responsive to differing recovery-stress states, but their suitability as biomarkers in training must be further validated.

scholarly journals Accuracy of single intravenous access iohexol GFR in children is hampered by marker contamination

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thea Tislevoll Eide ◽  
Karl Ove Hufthammer ◽  
Atle Brun ◽  
Damien Brackman ◽  
Einar Svarstad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
Blood Sampling ◽  
Clinical Trial Registration ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Intravenous Access ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Rank 2

AbstractMeasurement of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in children by iohexol injection and blood sampling from the contralateral arm is widely used. A single intravenous access for iohexol injection and subsequent blood sampling has the obvious advantages of being less painful and easier to perform. The purpose of our study was to determine if blood samples drawn from the injection access are feasible and accurate for iohexol GFR (iGFR) measurements. Thirty-one children, median age 10.5 (range 6–17) years, with chronic kidney disease were given a bolus of iohexol followed by extended saline flushing and subsequent venous blood samples collected from the injection access as well as from a cannula in the contralateral arm, the latter serving as the reference method. Paired venous blood samples were collected at four time points (2, 3, 3.5 and 4 h) after the iohexol bolus. Blood sample discarding preceded and saline flushing followed each blood sampling to avoid marker contamination. iGFR based on samples drawn from the injection access at 2 and 3 h showed significantly lower iGFR than measurement from the contralateral arm (p < 0.01). Singlepoint iGFR did not differ significantly after 3–4 repeated procedures of blood discarding and saline flusing (3.5 and 4 h). Despite thorough saline flushing there is still a relatively high risk of falsely low iGFR due to marker contamination in blood samples from the injection site. Hence, blood sampling from a second intravenous access is recommended for routine iohexol GFR measurements in children.Clinical trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, Identifier NCT01092260, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01092260?term=tondel&rank=2.

In vitro effects of pH and hemoglobin-oxygen saturation on plasma and erythrocyte K+ levels in blood from trout

1992 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 1291-1296 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. B. Nielsen ◽  
G. Lykkeboe
Keyword(s):  
Hemoglobin Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Blood Ph ◽  
Effects Of Ph ◽  
Net Uptake ◽  
In Vitro Effects ◽  
K Concentration

Plasma and erythrocyte K+ were monitored during storage and tonometry of blood samples taken from resting rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. During storage of arterial blood samples, plasma K+ concentration increased by 38% in 12 min. During extended tonometry of blood with a pH near 7.9 and full hemoglobin-bound oxygen (HbO2) saturation the erythrocytes showed a net loss of K+. Plasma K+ concentration increased from 2.9 mM to a near steady-state value of 5.6 mM. When tonometered at a pH near 7.2 and a HbO2 saturation at approximately 4% the erythrocytes took up K+, leading to a dramatic reduction in plasma K+ concentration to 0.2 mM. This net uptake was stimulated by isoprenaline and was inhibited by ouabain. It is concluded that net erythrocyte K+ uptake and loss can be induced in trout by changes in blood pH or HbO2 saturation in vitro.

Local metabolic, pathophysiological and histological changes in venous ulcers

2007 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 110-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ž Maksimović ◽  
M Maksimović
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Blood Gases ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Venous Flow ◽  
Venous Ulceration ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Control Samples

Objectives: The pathogenesis of venous ulceration is not completely understood. The aim of this research was to measure and compare various parameters in ulcers caused by abnormalities in superficial venous (SU) versus deep venous flow (DU), to determine possible differences in their pathogenesis. Methods: Analysis of venous blood gases and levels of anaerobic metabolites from the ulcer site were measured in SU ( n = 8) and DU patients ( n = 8) and compared with control samples from the contralateral healthy limb. Histological examination via electron microscopy was also performed in tissue samples from the ulcer sites in SU ( n = 2) and DU ( n = 2) patients. Results: The SU group had significantly lower values of partial oxygen pressure (pO2) and oxygen saturation (sO2), and significantly higher values of partial pressure of carbon dioxide, bicarbonate concentration and total carbon dioxide versus control samples. The DU group had significantly higher values of pO2 and sO2 versus controls. Elevated levels of pyruvate ( P < 0.01) and lactate ( P < 0.05) were found in DU ulcer blood samples taken after 30 min of passive standing (static shear), as compared with control blood samples. However, no significant histological differences between SU and DU samples could be distinguished via electron microscopy. Conclusions: Differences in levels of venous blood gases and anaerobic metabolites indicate a potential difference in the causation and development of superficial versus deep venous caused ulcers. This may have clinical significance for the diagnosis and treatment of these conditions.

Normal arterial blood pH, oxygen, and carbon dioxide tensions in unanesthetized dogs

1972 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 152-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric O. Feigl ◽  
Louis G. D'Alecy
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Rectal Temperature ◽  
Femoral Artery ◽  
Glass Electrode ◽  
Blood Gas ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Blood Ph ◽  
Clark Electrode

Femoral artery blood samples from 30 unanesthetized unrestrained nonpanting dogs were analyzed. Average normal pH was 7.42 (sd 0.03), mean Po2 89.5 mm Hg (sd 4.4), and Pco2 36.8 mm Hg (sd 2.4). pH was determined with a glass electrode. Pco2 was measured using a Severinghaus electrode. Po2 was determined with a Clark-type polarographic polypropylene-covered electrode. Measurements were made at 39 C (normal dog rectal temperature). blood gas; Clark electrode; Severinghaus electrode

Calculated bicarbonate or total carbon dioxide?

1989 ◽  
Vol 35 (8) ◽  
pp. 1697-1700 ◽  
Author(s):  
T D O'Leary ◽  
S R Langton
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Gas Analyzer ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
A Value ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Analysis ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Blood Gas Analyzer

Abstract To test the relationship pK' = 6.103 + log[HCO3calc] - log[HCO3meas], we used a Corning 168 blood-gas analyzer to analyze 500 blood samples for pH and PCO2, from which we calculated a value for bicarbonate. We also analyzed 500 venous blood samples, collected simultaneously, for potentiometric total carbon dioxide with the Ektachem 700 analyzer. In a similar study of 415 arterial and venous blood samples, we determined total carbon dioxide colorimetrically with the SMA 6/60 analyzer. The coefficients of determination (r2) found for the difference observed between the calculated and measured bicarbonate values vs the pK' in the two studies were 0.86 and 0.96, respectively. The results also confirmed the positive bias caused by organic acids in the Ektachem method for total carbon dioxide. Analysis of the SMA 6/60 results indicated a significant decrease of the pK' in patients classified as having a metabolic acidosis.

scholarly journals Effects of time and temperature on blood gas and electrolytes in equine venous blood

2020 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
pp. 239-246
Author(s):  
José Dantas Ribeiro Filho ◽  
Paulo Vinícius de Morais Santos ◽  
Samuel Rodrigues Alves ◽  
Lorena Chaves Monteiro ◽  
Caio Monteiro Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gradual Increase ◽  
Potassium Concentration ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Blood Gas Analysis ◽  
Gas Analysis ◽  
Blood Gas ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Blood Ph ◽  
Erythrocyte Metabolism

This study aimed to evaluate the viability time of horse venous blood samples kept at laboratory temperature (LT) and in water with ice (WI), to perform blood gas analysis. Eleven blood samples were collected in duplicates from 10 healthy horses. The samples were transported to the laboratory and subjected to one of the 24 h storage method. Each pair of syringes was distinctly kept at LT or submerged in WI. Blood gas tests were performed at times T0h, T1h, T2h, T3h, T4h, T5h, T6h, T8h, T10h, T12h and T24h after collection. Analyses of electrolytes were also performed from the same samples. A difference in blood pH was found between the treatments (P < 0.05). From T4h, pH decreased in samples kept at LT, but in WI, pH did not change. For partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2), a difference between treatments (P < 0.05) was noted starting at T8h. In samples kept at LT, pCO2 increased; no changes occurred in samples stored in WI. There was a decrease in the base concentration beginning at T5h in samples kept at LT (P < 0.05), but no variation in samples kept in WI. These changes can be attributed to the erythrocyte metabolism, still active in vitro, which generates lactic acid from anaerobic glycolysis. The potassium concentration increased in samples kept in WI from T4h, with a gradual increase until T24h. Conservation of equine venous blood samples in WI is efficient in reducing cellular metabolism, thereby increasing the viability of samples for examination and interpretation of results.

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