Macht der Refrains im Codex Montpellier

2021 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-52
Author(s):  
Peter Sühring
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Rhythmic Structure ◽  
Inaugural Lecture ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
State Of Research ◽  
Second World ◽  
Scholarly Attention

Little scholarly attention was paid to the origin and rhythmic structure of the Codex Montpellier motets between the early twentieth century and the flurry of (mainly anglophone) research in the last fifteen years. The connecting thread between generations of researchers had torn and the work of Gustav Jacobsthal (1845-1912) and Yvonne Rokseth (1890-1948) have not been integrated into the state of research: Rokseth's views were forgotten after the Second World War, while Jacobsthal's results were published posthumously only in 2010. This article demonstrates the congruence of their methods and conclusions, especially regarding the influence of the refrains on the early motets, based on quotations from Jacobsthal papers and Rokseth's observations published in 1939. Furthermore it reviews the German-French interrelations in the interpretation of the early motets since the mid-nineteenth century, particularly the similarities and differences between Rokseth and representatives of the "school" of Friedrich Ludwig respectively. In addition, the article offers the first publication if a letter by Heinrich Besseler to Rokseth from 1934, as well as excerpts from her inaugural lecture at Strasbourg 1937.

In the shadow of empire: Josef Schmidlin and Protestant–Catholic ecumenism before the Second World War

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert Wu
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Ecumenical Movement ◽  
German Nation ◽  
Second World

AbstractThis article examines the life and ideas of Josef Schmidlin, the founder of Catholic ‘missionary science’ and the most influential German Catholic missionary theorist of the first half of the twentieth century. An admirer of the German Protestant missionary theologian Gustav Warneck, Schmidlin often appears in the historiography as a forerunner of the Protestant–Catholic ecumenical collaboration that emerged after the Second World War. Yet a close examination of his writing reveals a vigorous critic of Protestantism and the Protestant ecumenical movement. A sceptic of transnational missionary organizations, he remained a firm supporter of the German nation and imperial project. This article gestures towards both the continuities and the discontinuities between the early attempts at fostering confessional cooperation between Protestants and Catholics and the later iterations. It also examines how nineteenth-century entanglements between missions and empire shaped the ideas of Catholic missionary theory during the interwar years.

Beware of Pity: Stefan Zweig and the Fate of Narrative Empathy under Surveillance

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 240-260
Author(s):  
Emily Ridge
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Post Office ◽  
World War ◽  
Stefan Zweig ◽  
Narrative Distance ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Second World

Abstract In the epigraph to his 1939 novel Beware of Pity, Stefan Zweig distinguishes between a form of “unsentimental but creative” empathy and a mode of “weak-minded, sentimental pity” that serves only as a “way of defending yourself against someone else's pain.” Focusing on Beware of Pity as well as The Post Office Girl and Chess, this article interprets Zweig's epigraph as a commentary on narrative as well as interpersonal forms of engagement, centered upon his conception of the relationship between author/narrator and suffering protagonist. Drawing on the work of David Rosen and Aaron Santesso, it further posits “empathetic surveillance” as a figure through which to assess this relationship, because Zweig can frequently be found to experiment with narrative distance and observation where the scene of suffering is concerned. His late writing demonstrates an attempt to work through his own conflicting wartime experiences of fellow feeling, but it also offers a sustained reflection on the implications of a broader crisis in empathy on a narrative level around the Second World War. The article characterizes Zweig's particular approach to narrative empathy in terms of an “empathic realism,” which can be defined both against what Meghan Marie Hammond has recently called “empathic modernism” and in contradistinction to nineteenth-century “sympathetic realism.” Poised between pre- and postwar outlooks, his work provides valuable insights on the changing contours of empathetic authorship across the twentieth century.

Emblematizing Hope, Inspiration and the Call to Reconsider: Australian Flora, Fauna and Land in Judith Wright

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (25) ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Alexander
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Crucial Role ◽  
Folk Songs ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
Australian Flora ◽  
Post War ◽  
Second World

Poetry played a very crucial role in laying the foundations of Australian literature. The enormous collection of vibrant folk songs and ballads might have been the reason for providing such a strong foundation for poetry. Australian poetry can roughly be divided into three periods- the nineteenth century which endeavoured to create an indigenous literary poetry, the early twentieth century lasting upto the period of the Second World War and the later twentieth century extending from the post war period to the present. Australian Bush music is the most popular and is a narration of people’s experiences of living and surviving in the Australian bush.

scholarly journals Real World Globalization and Inequality Yesterday and Today a review of Globalization and History: The Evolution of a Nineteenth Century Atlantic Economy

2002 ◽  
pp. 276-290
Author(s):  
Andre Gunder Frank
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Real World ◽  
First World War ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
The First World War ◽  
Atlantic Economy ◽  
Second World ◽  
First World

This book shows that the current “globalization” buzzword refers to a process that in fact already characterized the nineteenth century until the beginning of the First World War. From then and until the end of the Second World War, the process of globalization was severely reversed—in exempli?cation of one of the authors’ sub-theses that this process can and does have its own ups and downs and is not a one way ever-onward and— upward road, as latter day parlance would have it. During the half century past, the globalization process was reinitiated laboriously but haltingly until the last two and especially the last decade of the twentieth century, when globalism more than globalization recovered the reach it had already nearly a century earlier. Although this book focuses on the nineteenth century period, the authors nonetheless express important concerns for present and future praxis and policy.

Marie Ulčová and her Contribution to the West Bohemian Museums

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-23
Author(s):  
Nela Štorková
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
The West ◽  
West Bohemia ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Second World

While today the Ethnographic Museum of the Pilsen Region represents just one of the departments of the Museum of West Bohemia in Pilsen, at the beginning of the twentieth century, in 1915, it emerged as an independent institution devoted to a study of life in the Pilsen region. Ladislav Lábek, the founder and long-time director, bears the greatest credit for this museum. This study presents PhDr. Marie Ulčová, who joined the museum shortly after the Second World War and in 1963 replaced Mr. Lábek on his imaginary throne. The main objective of this article is to introduce the personality of Marie Ulčová and to evaluate the activity of this Pilsen ethnographer and the museum employee with an emphasis on her work in the Ethnographic Museum of the Pilsen Region. The basic aspects of the ethnographic activities, not only of Marie Ulčová but also of the Ethnographic Museum of the Pilsen Region in the years 1963–1988, are described through her professional and popularising articles, archival sources and contemporary periodicals.

Alien Internment in John Galsworthy’s ‘The Bright Side’ and ‘The Dog It was that Died’

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-61
Author(s):  
Jill Felicity Durey
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Short Stories ◽  
Human Nature ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Internment Camp ◽  
Bright Side ◽  
Second World ◽  
John Galsworthy

This article illuminates two short stories by John Galsworthy through examining them with the help of his diaries and letters, a handful of unpublished letters by his nephew from an internment camp and secondary historical sources. It argues that the stories, when read in conjunction with these sources, are highly revealing about human nature during Second World War and also about Galsworthy’s prescient fears concerning a second twentieth-century world war, which he did not live to see.

scholarly journals The Westphalian model and sovereign equality

2011 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 641-660 ◽  
Author(s):  
PETER M. R. STIRK
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
International Relations ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
World War ◽  
Sovereign Equality ◽  
Normative Principle ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
Second World

AbstractAlthough the Westphalian model takes many forms the association of Westphalian and sovereign equality is a prominent one. This article argues firstly that sovereign equality was not present as a normative principle at Westphalia. It argues further that while arguments for sovereign equality were present in the eighteenth century they did not rely on, or even suggest, a Westphalian provenance. It was, for good reasons, not until the late nineteenth century that the linkages of Westphalia and sovereign equality became commonplace, and even then sovereign equality and its linkage with Westphalia were disputed. It was not until after the Second World War, notably through the influential work of Leo Gross that the linkage of Westphalia and sovereign equality became not only widely accepted, but almost undisputed until quite recently. The article concludes by suggesting that not only did Gross bequeath a dubious historiography but that this historiography is an impediment to contemporary International Relations.

‘The founders of a European era’? The Fascist and Falangist plans for Italy and Spain in the new Nazi order

Modern Italy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 317-330
Author(s):  
Giorgia Priorelli
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Area ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Postwar Period ◽  
World War ◽  
Cultural Foundations ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Second World

At the dawn of the Second World War, the successes of the Axis seemed to herald the realisation of a new anti-Bolshevik and anti-democratic European order dominated by Nazi-fascist powers. Italian Fascists and Spanish Falangists enthusiastically welcomed plans for the ‘new civilisation’ in which they were determined to participate as protagonists. This article sheds light on the roles projected for the respective countries in the New European Order in the postwar period, according to the black and the blue shirts. It also investigates the ideological and cultural foundations of the Fascist and Falangist projects related to the new continental configuration, identifying similarities and differences between them. Considering the scarcity of comparative writings about fascist movements in the Mediterranean area, the present research fills a historiographic gap.

scholarly journals ‘De ridder is gestorven’

2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (94) ◽  
pp. 25-50
Author(s):  
Dirk van Keulen
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Heart Attack ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Karl Barth ◽  
Dutch Reformed ◽  
World War ◽  
Daily Newspapers ◽  
Reformed Church ◽  
The University ◽  
Second World

Abstract Arnold Albert van Ruler (1908-1970) was one of the leading theologians in the Dutch Reformed Church in the second half of the twentieth century. After having worked as a minister in Kubaard (1933-1940) and Hilversum (1940-1947) he was professor at the University of Utrecht (1947-1970). Van Ruler had a special place in the Dutch theological landscape. The development of his views took the opposite direction of the mainstream of Dutch protestant theology, which can be illustrated with his reception of the theology of Karl Barth. Before the Second World War Van Ruler was a Barthian theologian; after the War he distanced himself from Barth. As a result of this, some of Van Ruler’s theological views were controversial. Van Ruler himself felt somewhat lonely and complained that he was neglected by his colleagues. On the morning of December 15, 1970, Van Ruler had his third heart attack and dead sitting at his writing desk. In this contribution the reactions on Van Ruler’s death are documented. In many daily newspapers his death is mentioned and in several the significance of his work is described. During the months after his death in many ecclesiastical weekly’s and in theological journals in Memoriams were published. We find personal memories and praise for his style of theologising, which was experienced as sparkling and bright. Van Ruler’s colleagues recognised his originality. His views on theocracy, however, remained as controversial as they were during his lifetime.

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