scholarly journals Environmental toxic factors and clinical pattern of Parkinson’s disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 69-71
Author(s):  
Lilia Rotaru ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Disease Onset ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Disease Phenotype ◽  
Clinical Pattern ◽  
Toxin Exposure

Background: Parkinson’s disease (PD) – the most common neuro-degenerative movement disorder – is considered a result of a multifactorial pathogenic process modulated by cumulative and interactive effects of genes and exposures. An environmental exposure could enhance or create dopaminergic neurons vulnerability and increase PD risk. The purpose of the study was to find if excessive exposure to toxic environmental factors may influence clinical pattern of PD. Material and methods: The study was conducted on 111 patients diagnosed with PD, study group being defined as PD exposed to toxins (33 patients), control group including PD patients without toxin exposure (78 patients). General epidemiological data and clinical data were recorded. Results: Toxin exposure was found in 33 patients (29.73%), more of them – men and rural residents. Toxin exposed PD patients had an insignificantly younger age. The most common disease phenotype in the study group was the akinetic-rigid phenotype (64.7%, p = 0.040), bradykinesia being the most common sign at the disease onset (57.6%, p = 0.008). Levodopa equivalent daily dose also was higher in the study group (659.02 ± 232.46, p = 0.042). Conclusions: Excessive exposure to toxic environmental factors may influence the clinical pattern of PD. In this study the akinetic-rigid type was the predominant disease phenotype associated with toxin exposure. Doses needed for treatment were higher in PD patients exposed to toxins, as an indicator of a more severe motor impairment in this group

scholarly journals Orofacial Functions and Chewing Effiency in Elderly Patients with Parkinson’s Disease Rehabilitated with Removable Prostheses

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corsalini Massimo ◽  
Rapone Biagio ◽  
Cagnetta Giovanni ◽  
Carossa Massimo ◽  
Sportelli Pasquale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Dental Prostheses ◽  
Masticatory Efficiency ◽  
Masticatory Ability ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Parkinson’s Disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease after Alzheimer's disease. It is one of the movement disorders that can affect oro-facial conditions. It is more common in the elderly, having an average age of onset of around 60 years. Objective: The aim was to study orofacial functions in patients suffering from PD with partial or total edentulism, wearing removable prostheses. Methods: Forty-eight (48) elders, rehabilitated with removable dentures, were included: 24 patients suffering from Parkinson's disease constitute the Study Group (SG), and 24 subjects not suffering from Parkinson's disease or neurological degenerative diseases represent the Control Group (CG). In SG, the severity of Parkinson's disease was assessed according to the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating objective motor scale III, and oro-facial dysfunctions were evaluated using Nordic Orofacial Test-Screening (NOT-S). The duration of the use of dental prostheses expressed in years has been reported. In both the groups, the subjective chewing index for the analysis of masticatory ability and the two-color chewing gum test for the analysis of masticatory efficiency were conducted . Results: There was a statistically significant difference between the SG and CG compared to the NOT-S (P = 0.001). Analyzing the study group, a statistically significant correlation was found between the masticatory efficiency and prosthetic years of use (rs = 0.436; P <0.05); instead, no statistically significant correlation was found between the masticatory efficiency and the severity of Parkinson's disease. Conclusion: In our study, we did not find differences between SG and CG in terms of the degree of masticatory efficiency; therefore, only a correlation between the duration of use of dental prostheses and the degree of masticatory efficiency was found.

scholarly journals Efficacy of pramipexole combined with levodopa for Parkinson’s disease treatment and their effects on QOL and serum TNF-α levels

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (7) ◽  
pp. 030006052092244
Author(s):  
Jinzhong Huang ◽  
Wei Hong ◽  
Zhilong Yang ◽  
Jian Ding ◽  
Yi Ren
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Mental State ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
State Examination

Purpose To investigate the efficacy of combining the dopamine receptor agonist pramipexole with levodopa for Parkinson’s disease (PD) treatment and to measure their effects on quality of life and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α levels in PD patients. Basic Procedure In total, 160 PD patients who were admitted to our hospital were equally randomized into a control treatment group (levodopa alone) and the study group (pramipexole combined with levodopa). Both groups were treated for 12 weeks. Findings After treatment, scores from the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scales (1–3), the Hamilton Depression Scale, and the Parkinson’s Disease Questionnaire (PDQ-39) were significantly decreased in both groups, whereas Mini-Mental State Examination scores were significantly increased. After treatment, the study group had significantly lower scores for all scales except the Mini-Mental State Examination, for which those who received combined treatment had significantly higher scores than the control group. The incidence of adverse reactions was significantly lower in the study group than in the control group. Furthermore, after treatment, serum TNF-α levels were significantly decreased in both groups compared with pre-treatment levels. Conclusion Pramipexole combined with levodopa relieved PD symptoms and improved the quality of life of PD patients, potentially by suppressing serum TNF-α levels.

Patient Characteristics, MRI Examination, and Dopaminergic Drug Response in Clinical Possible Parkinson's Disease

1996 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 157-163
Author(s):  
Jan P. Larsen ◽  
Helge Ødegaard ◽  
Elise Tandberg ◽  
Anne Hødnebø ◽  
Dag Aarsland
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Drug Response ◽  
Disease Onset ◽  
Vascular Lesions ◽  
Cortical Atrophy ◽  
Prevalence Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Dopaminergic Drug

Patients with parkinsonism can be classified as clinical definite, probable, possible, or unlikely Parkinson's disease (PD). Possible PD includes patients with PD according to conventional diagnostic criteria and with at least a moderate response to dopamine agonists. However, these patients have clinical features that may reduce the probability for idiopathic PD. The objective of this study was to clinically characterize patients with possible disease in a prevalence study of PD and to indicate the frequency of idiopathic PD in this group of patients. The diagnostic re-evaluation was based on detailed MRI examinations and investigations of dopaminergic drug response after several years of treatment. In a community-based prevalence study in Norway, comprising 245 PD patients, we found 36 patients (15%) with clinical possible PD. The patients with possible disease had significant and clinically important differences in demographic and disease characteristics compared to patients with definite and probable PD. Possible PD patients were older at disease onset, more disabled, and had more neurobehavioral disorders. MRI examinations of 14 of the 36 patients with possible PD in the prevalence study revealed significant group effects compared to an age-matched control group, with reduced pars compacta width and increased cortical atrophy. In individual patients, signal attenuation consistent with vascular lesions of the basal ganglia contributed to diagnostic reclassification. Dopaminergic drug withdrawal revealed no response in 4 of 12 examined patients. Two of the remaining eight patients had a clear short-duration drug response. Six patients had only a varying degree of long-duration response. The re-evaluation of diagnosis indicates that probably less than half of the patients with clinical possible PD have idiopathic disease. Patients with atypical features and diagnosed as possible PD should thus be excluded from studies with a presumed high specificity for idiopathic PD.

scholarly journals GBA mutations p.N370S and p.L444P are associated with Parkinson's disease in patients from Northern Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Eduardo de Melo Amaral ◽  
Patrick Farias Lopes ◽  
Juliana Cristina Cardoso Ferreira ◽  
Erik Artur Cortinhas Alves ◽  
Marcella Vieira Barroso Montenegro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Direct Sequencing ◽  
Disease Onset ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sample Number ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
Pcr Products ◽  
Northern Brazil ◽  
Gba Gene

ABSTRACT Mutations of the GBA gene have been reported in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) from a number of different countries, including Brazil. In order to confirm this pattern in a sample of PD patients from northern Brazil, we conducted a case-control study of the occurrence of the two most common mutations of the GBA gene (c.1226A>G; p.N370S and c.1448T>C; p.L444P) in a group of 81 PD patients and 81 control individuals, using PCR-RFLP, confirmed by the direct sequencing of the PCR products. In the patient group, three patients (3.7%) were heterozygous for the GBA c.1226A>G; p.N370S mutation, and three (3.7%) for GBA c.1448T>C; p.L444P Neither mutation was detected in the control group (p =0.0284). Patients with the c.1448T>C; p.L444P mutation showed a tendency to have an earlier disease onset, but a larger sample number is required to confirm this observation. Our results suggest an association between the GBA c.1226A>G; p.N370S and c.1448T>C; p.L444P mutations and the development of PD in the population of patients from the Northern Brazil.

scholarly journals Alpha-synuclein A53T mutation is not frequent on a sample of Brazilian Parkinson’s disease patients

2015 ◽  
Vol 73 (6) ◽  
pp. 506-509 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela S. Longo ◽  
Marcela A. S. Pinhel ◽  
Michele L. Gregório ◽  
Bruno A. P. Oliveira ◽  
Driele C. G. Quinhoneiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Alpha Synuclein ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
Study Case ◽  
A53t Mutation ◽  
Mixed Ethnicity

Introduction The pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease (PD) involves both genetic susceptibility and environmental factors, with focus on the mutation in thealpha-synucleingene (SNCA).Objective To analyse the polymorphism SNCA-A53T in patients with familial PD (FPD) and sporadic PD (SPD).Method A total of 294 individuals were studied, regardless of sex and with mixed ethnicity. The study group with 154 patients with PD, and the control group included 140 individuals without PD. The genotyping ofSNCA-A53T was performed by PCR/RFLP. Significance level was p < 0.05.Results Among all patients, 37 (24%) had FPD and 117 (75.9%) had SPD. The absence ofSNCA-A53T mutation was observed in all individuals.Conclusion SPD is notably observed in patients. However, the SNCA-A53T mutation was absent in all individuals, which does not differ controls from patients. This fact should be confirmed in a Brazilian study case with a more numerous and older population.

scholarly journals Music as Add-On Therapy in the Rehabilitation Program of Parkinson’s Disease Patients—A Romanian Pilot Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 569
Author(s):  
Dana Marieta Fodor ◽  
Xenia-Melania Breda ◽  
Dan Valean ◽  
Monica Mihaela Marta ◽  
Lacramioara Perju-Dumbrava
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Physical Therapy ◽  
Rehabilitation Program ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Motor Outcomes

Music has been proven to have therapeutic potential in neurological disorders, especially Parkinson’s disease (PD), since rhythmic auditory cueing can partially replace the progressive loss of rhythmicity and automaticity. Several reports have highlighted improvements in motor outcomes in PD patients undergoing music therapy, but only a few studies have evaluated non-motor outcomes, such as quality of life (QoL), which deteriorates with disease progression. The current pilot study aims to examine the effects of a multimodal rehabilitation program centered on physical therapy combined with listening to music on self-reported QoL in people with PD, compared to the same rehabilitation program alone. The study was conducted on patients with idiopathic PD who attended a specific rehabilitation program with a duration of 2.5 h daily for 14 days. The patients were divided into the study group (16 patients), who listened to background music during the rehabilitation program sessions, and the control group who did not listen to music during sessions. The patients were assessed using the self-report Parkinson’s Disease Questionnaire (PDQ-39) at the beginning of the program and 1 month after its initiation. The patients in the study group registered greater improvements in five of the eight areas of life assessed by PDQ-39 compared to the control group. In conclusion, listening to music combined with a multimodal rehabilitation program centered on physical therapy may be beneficial for the patients’ quality of life.

scholarly journals The Effects of Whole-course Psychological Care in Patients having Parkinson’s Disease with Anxiety

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 199-203
Author(s):  
Jiuxia Zhang ◽  
Weihua Xu
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Nursing Intervention ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Clinical Effects ◽  
Psychological Care ◽  
Self Rating

Objective: This research explored the clinical effects of the whole course of psychological care in patients having Parkinson’s disease with anxiety. Methods: Eighty-four patients with Parkinson’s anxiety disorder at Hubei No. 3 People’s Hospital from January 2020 to December 2020 were randomly selected for this research. They were divided into a control group and a study group using random number table. The control group was provided with routine care while the study group was provided with psychological care in which observation and comparison of clinical effects were caried out. Results: There were no significant differences in their scores based on the self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) and self-rating depression scale (SDS) between the two groups of patients before nursing, P > 0.05. However, the scores of both, SAS and SDS of the study group after nursing intervention were lower than those of the control group. Sleep quality scores, patient satisfaction, and quality of life scores were all higher than the control group, P < 0.05. Conclusion: The whole course of psychological care can effectively improve anxiety and depression of patients with Parkinson’s anxiety and improve their sleep quality.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Periodontal Disease and Motor Impairment in the Course of Parkinson’s Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 74 ◽  
pp. 340-347
Author(s):  
Beata Ledwon ◽  
Andrzej Miskiewicz ◽  
Ewa Grabowska ◽  
Jan Kowalski ◽  
Renata Górska
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Acute Phase Proteins ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Motor Impairment ◽  
Lower Number ◽  
Periodontal Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Timed Up And Go

Introduction: The incidence of Parkinson’s disease and the severity of accompanying motor impairment increase significantly with age. The etiopathogenesis and progression of Parkinson’s disease at the molecular level is associated with the production of cytokines and acute phase proteins, which are also typical for inflammatory diseases, such as periodontitis and gingivitis. Objectives: The aim of the study was to assess the correlation between neurological parameters, the indices of periodontal status and systemic parameters of inflammation, as well as their change after treatment. Patients/Methods: The presented study is a retrospective analysis of data obtained from medical histories and patient charts. Charts of 93 patients diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease and periodontal diseases over the period 2015–2017 were selected. Sixty-one of these patients received periodontal treatment: professional scaling, root planning – SRP and periodontal pockets rinsing with 3% H2O2 and constituted a study group. Additionally, the patients were instructed to use a 0.2% chlorhexidine mouthwash. The other 32 patients, who were not periodontally treated, formed a control group. Both groups continued their anti-parkinsonian treatment. Results: The mean pocket depth at the baseline was 4.0 mm (SD 0.9 mm), mean bleeding index was 56.2%, and 63.9% of patients presented tooth mobility grade II or III. A significant correlation between periodontal and neurological parameters was observed at the baseline. After periodontal treatment, an improvement of both periodontal parameters and those related to the Parkinson’s disease was observed in the study group. Those periodontally treated exhibited lower number of anti-parkinsonian medicines, lower number of falls, as well as better results in10-m walk test and timed-up-and-go test, as compared to the control group. The improvement was observed both 3 and 9 months after the end of treatment.

The prevalence of Parkinson’s disease among Vilnius inhabitants

Open Medicine ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vaineta Valeikiene ◽  
Jelena Ceremnych ◽  
Diana Mieliauskaite ◽  
Vidmantas Alekna
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
Disease Onset ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
The Mean ◽  
State Examination ◽  
Made In

AbstractIn a hospital-based study we investigated the prevalence of Parkinson’s disease among inhabitants of the Vilnius city, the capital of Lithuania. The study group was selected from patients who were diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease during the time frame of 1978-2005. Patients’ time of diagnosis were based on the data of dispensary cards, registration journals and/or other documentation. A questionnaire and Mini Mental State Examination provided data for analysis on the conditions of the patients. The prevalence of Parkinson’s disease in Vilnius is 1.32/1000 inhabitants and is higher in men than in women (p < 0.05). The age of Parkinson’s disease onset in men and women is the same (63.77 ± 0.70 years). The rigidity-tremor form of Parkinson’s disease is the most frequent (76.8% of all cases). The PD prevalence rate in Vilnius inhabitants are close to the mean levels observed in studies made in Finland, Austria, Germany. The prevailing form of Parkinson’s disease is rigidity-tremor.

scholarly journals Assessment of postural instability in Parkinson’s disease patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Aziz Mohamed Talaat ◽  
Amr Elfatatry ◽  
Nibras Mohamed Ibrahim Mohamed Noor ◽  
Mirhan Eldeeb
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Postural Control ◽  
Postural Instability ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Clinical Tool ◽  
Body Movements ◽  
Dynamic Posturography ◽  
Balance Impairment

Abstract Background Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a degenerative, progressive, neurological condition that influences the control of a person’s body movements. Computerized dynamic posturography (CDP) is a clinical tool intended to evaluate the integration of visual, vestibular, and somatosensory inputs to maintain postural gait. Posturography can be used to measure postural instability in PD patients. So, the aim of this study was to evaluate the postural control and elaborate on the pathophysiology of the balance impairment in PD patients in the “on” state. Results All antero-posterior (AP) and medio-lateral (ML) sensory balance scores, except vestibular ones, were significantly lower in the study group compared to the control group. AP and ML sway were generally higher in the study group at all frequencies, with AP being mostly greater compared to ML sway in PD subjects. Global sensory scores were shown to deteriorate with increased durations of the disease and treatment. Conclusions PD patients have higher postural instability in comparison to controls with AP sway being higher compared to ML.

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