scholarly journals Assessment of postural instability in Parkinson’s disease patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Aziz Mohamed Talaat ◽  
Amr Elfatatry ◽  
Nibras Mohamed Ibrahim Mohamed Noor ◽  
Mirhan Eldeeb
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Postural Control ◽  
Postural Instability ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Clinical Tool ◽  
Body Movements ◽  
Dynamic Posturography ◽  
Balance Impairment

Abstract Background Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a degenerative, progressive, neurological condition that influences the control of a person’s body movements. Computerized dynamic posturography (CDP) is a clinical tool intended to evaluate the integration of visual, vestibular, and somatosensory inputs to maintain postural gait. Posturography can be used to measure postural instability in PD patients. So, the aim of this study was to evaluate the postural control and elaborate on the pathophysiology of the balance impairment in PD patients in the “on” state. Results All antero-posterior (AP) and medio-lateral (ML) sensory balance scores, except vestibular ones, were significantly lower in the study group compared to the control group. AP and ML sway were generally higher in the study group at all frequencies, with AP being mostly greater compared to ML sway in PD subjects. Global sensory scores were shown to deteriorate with increased durations of the disease and treatment. Conclusions PD patients have higher postural instability in comparison to controls with AP sway being higher compared to ML.

Prolonged Standing Task Affects Adaptability of Postural Control in People With Parkinson’s Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-67
Author(s):  
Gabriel Felipe Moretto ◽  
Felipe Balistieri Santinelli ◽  
Tiago Penedo ◽  
Luis Mochizuki ◽  
Natalia Madalena Rinaldi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Control System ◽  
Postural Control ◽  
The Body ◽  
Quiet Standing ◽  
Body Sway ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Postural Control System ◽  
Prolonged Standing

Background Studies on short-term upright quiet standing tasks have presented contradictory findings about postural control in people with Parkinson’s disease (pwPD). Prolonged trial durations might better depict body sway and discriminate pwPD and controls. Objective The aim of this study was to investigate postural control in pwPD during a prolonged standing task. Methods A total of 26 pwPD and 25 neurologically healthy individuals performed 3 quiet standing trials (60 s) before completing a constrained prolonged standing task for 15 minutes. Motion capture was used to record body sway (Vicon, 100 Hz). To investigate the body sway behavior during the 15 minutes of standing, the analysis was divided into three 5-minute-long phases: early, middle, and late. The following body sway parameters were calculated for the anterior-posterior (AP) and medial-lateral (ML) directions: velocity, root-mean-square, and detrended fluctuations analysis (DFA). The body sway area was also calculated. Two-way ANOVAs (group and phases) and 1-way ANOVA (group) were used to compare these parameters for the prolonged standing and quiet standing, respectively. Results pwPD presented smaller sway area ( P < .001), less complexity (DFA; AP: P < .009; ML: P < .01), and faster velocity (AP: P < .002; ML: P < .001) of body sway compared with the control group during the prolonged standing task. Although the groups swayed similarly (no difference for sway area) during quiet standing, they presented differences in sway area during the prolonged standing task ( P < .001). Conclusions Prolonged standing task reduced adaptability of the postural control system in pwPD. In addition, the prolonged standing task may better analyze the adaptability of the postural control system in pwPD.

Unraveling the mechanisms underlying postural instability in Parkinson’s disease using dynamic posturography

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 1303-1308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorik Nonnekes ◽  
Digna de Kam ◽  
Alexander CH Geurts ◽  
Vivian Weerdesteyn ◽  
Bastiaan R Bloem
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Postural Instability ◽  
Dynamic Posturography

scholarly journals Cortical and Cerebellar Oscillatory Responses to Postural Instability in Parkinson's Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taylor J. Bosch ◽  
Stefan Kammermeier ◽  
Christopher Groth ◽  
Matt Leedom ◽  
Elizabeth K. Hanson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Postural Control ◽  
Spectral Power ◽  
Postural Instability ◽  
Oscillatory Activity ◽  
Control Task ◽  
Theta Power ◽  
Balance Task ◽  
Beta Power

Introduction: Posture and balance dysfunctions critically impair activities of daily living of patients with progressing Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the neural mechanisms underlying postural instability in PD are poorly understood, and specific therapies are lacking. Previous electrophysiological studies have shown distinct cortical oscillations with a significant contribution of the cerebellum during postural control tasks in healthy individuals.Methods: We investigated cortical and mid-cerebellar oscillatory activity via electroencephalography (EEG) during a postural control task in 10 PD patients with postural instability (PDPI+), 11 PD patients without postural instability (PDPI–), and 15 age-matched healthy control participants. Relative spectral power was analyzed in the theta (4–7 Hz) and beta (13–30 Hz) frequency bands.Results: Time-dependent postural measurements computed by accelerometer signals showed poor performance in PDPI+ participants. EEG results revealed that theta power was profoundly lower in mid-frontal and mid-cerebellar regions during the postural control task in PDPI+, compared to PDPI– and control participants. In addition, theta power was correlated with postural control performance in PD subjects. No significant changes in beta power were observed. Additionally, oscillatory changes during the postural control task differed from the resting state.Conclusion: This study underlines the involvement of mid-frontal and mid-cerebellar regions in postural stability during a balance task and emphasizes the important role of theta oscillations therein for postural control in PD.

scholarly journals Orofacial Functions and Chewing Effiency in Elderly Patients with Parkinson’s Disease Rehabilitated with Removable Prostheses

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corsalini Massimo ◽  
Rapone Biagio ◽  
Cagnetta Giovanni ◽  
Carossa Massimo ◽  
Sportelli Pasquale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Dental Prostheses ◽  
Masticatory Efficiency ◽  
Masticatory Ability ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Parkinson’s Disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease after Alzheimer's disease. It is one of the movement disorders that can affect oro-facial conditions. It is more common in the elderly, having an average age of onset of around 60 years. Objective: The aim was to study orofacial functions in patients suffering from PD with partial or total edentulism, wearing removable prostheses. Methods: Forty-eight (48) elders, rehabilitated with removable dentures, were included: 24 patients suffering from Parkinson's disease constitute the Study Group (SG), and 24 subjects not suffering from Parkinson's disease or neurological degenerative diseases represent the Control Group (CG). In SG, the severity of Parkinson's disease was assessed according to the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating objective motor scale III, and oro-facial dysfunctions were evaluated using Nordic Orofacial Test-Screening (NOT-S). The duration of the use of dental prostheses expressed in years has been reported. In both the groups, the subjective chewing index for the analysis of masticatory ability and the two-color chewing gum test for the analysis of masticatory efficiency were conducted . Results: There was a statistically significant difference between the SG and CG compared to the NOT-S (P = 0.001). Analyzing the study group, a statistically significant correlation was found between the masticatory efficiency and prosthetic years of use (rs = 0.436; P <0.05); instead, no statistically significant correlation was found between the masticatory efficiency and the severity of Parkinson's disease. Conclusion: In our study, we did not find differences between SG and CG in terms of the degree of masticatory efficiency; therefore, only a correlation between the duration of use of dental prostheses and the degree of masticatory efficiency was found.

Vestibular rehabilitation with computerised dynamic posturography in patients with Parkinson's disease: Improving balance impairment

2009 ◽  
Vol 31 (23) ◽  
pp. 1907-1916 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos Rossi-Izquierdo ◽  
Andrés Soto-Varela ◽  
Sofia Santos-Pérez ◽  
Angel Sesar-Ignacio ◽  
Torcuato Labella-Caballero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Vestibular Rehabilitation ◽  
Dynamic Posturography ◽  
Balance Impairment ◽  
Computerised Dynamic Posturography

scholarly journals Efficacy of pramipexole combined with levodopa for Parkinson’s disease treatment and their effects on QOL and serum TNF-α levels

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (7) ◽  
pp. 030006052092244
Author(s):  
Jinzhong Huang ◽  
Wei Hong ◽  
Zhilong Yang ◽  
Jian Ding ◽  
Yi Ren
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Mental State ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
State Examination

Purpose To investigate the efficacy of combining the dopamine receptor agonist pramipexole with levodopa for Parkinson’s disease (PD) treatment and to measure their effects on quality of life and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α levels in PD patients. Basic Procedure In total, 160 PD patients who were admitted to our hospital were equally randomized into a control treatment group (levodopa alone) and the study group (pramipexole combined with levodopa). Both groups were treated for 12 weeks. Findings After treatment, scores from the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scales (1–3), the Hamilton Depression Scale, and the Parkinson’s Disease Questionnaire (PDQ-39) were significantly decreased in both groups, whereas Mini-Mental State Examination scores were significantly increased. After treatment, the study group had significantly lower scores for all scales except the Mini-Mental State Examination, for which those who received combined treatment had significantly higher scores than the control group. The incidence of adverse reactions was significantly lower in the study group than in the control group. Furthermore, after treatment, serum TNF-α levels were significantly decreased in both groups compared with pre-treatment levels. Conclusion Pramipexole combined with levodopa relieved PD symptoms and improved the quality of life of PD patients, potentially by suppressing serum TNF-α levels.

scholarly journals Which Aspects of Postural Control Differentiate between Patients with Parkinson’s Disease with and without Freezing of Gait?

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Griet Vervoort ◽  
Evelien Nackaerts ◽  
Farshid Mohammadi ◽  
Elke Heremans ◽  
Sabine Verschueren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Postural Control ◽  
Freezing Of Gait ◽  
Sensory Information ◽  
Response Strength ◽  
Dynamic Posturography ◽  
Directional Control ◽  
Weight Shift ◽  
Weight Shifting

This exploratory study aimed to identify which aspects of postural control are able to distinguish between subgroups of patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) and controls. Balance was tested using static and dynamic posturography. Freezers (n=9), nonfreezers (n=10), and controls (n=10) stood on a movable force platform and performed 3 randomly assigned tests: (1) sensory organization test (SOT) to evaluate the effective use of sensory information, (2) motor control test (MCT) to assess automatic postural reactions in response to platform perturbations, and (3) rhythmic weight shift test (RWS) to evaluate the ability to voluntarily move the center of gravity (COG) mediolaterally and anterior-posteriorly (AP). The respective outcome measures were equilibrium and postural strategy scores, response strength and amplitude of weight shift. Patients were in the “on” phase of the medication cycle. In general, freezers performed similarly on SOT and MCT compared to nonfreezers. Freezers showed an intact postural strategy during sensory manipulations and an appropriate response to external perturbations. However, during voluntary weight shifting, freezers showed poorer directional control compared to nonfreezers and controls. This suggests that freezers have adequate automatic postural control and sensory integration abilities in quiet stance, but show specific directional control deficits when weight shifting is voluntary.

scholarly journals The Impact of Parkinson’s Disease on Postural Control in Older People and How Sex can Mediate These Results: A Systematic Review

Geriatrics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 105
Author(s):  
Mathieu Dallaire ◽  
Guillaume Gagnon ◽  
Émilie Fortin ◽  
Josée Nepton ◽  
Anne-France Severn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Older People ◽  
Postural Control ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Postural Instability ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: Parkinson’s disease is most prevalent among elderly people, 65 years and over, and leads to an alteration in motor control associated with postural instability. Current evidence shows that postural control decreases with the aging process. In addition, postural control is more altered in healthy aged men than in women. Until today, few studies have evaluated the combined impact of Parkinson’s disease and sex on postural control. This review has allowed to evaluate the impact of Parkinson’s disease and sex on postural control measurements in elderly people. Methodology: Studies have been selected from two main databases: PubMed and EBSCO using the keywords “Parkinson”, “postural control OR balance” and “sex”. Articles related to the evaluation of postural control, including men and women with Parkinson’s aged over 65 years old, regardless of stage, were included (n = 179). Articles were excluded if not written in French or English or not presenting original content. Results: Ten (10) studies out of 179 that fulfilled inclusion and exclusion criteria were reported in the final analysis, which cumulates a total of 944 individuals with Parkinson’s (410 women). In general, results show greater postural instability among people with Parkinson’s compared to healthy subjects, and this according to different objective measurements using stabilographic parameters from force platforms. Only two studies out of ten evaluated postural control while briefly considering distinctions between sex, but without showing a significant difference between men and women with Parkinson’s. Parkinson’s severity, length of time of Parkinson’s disease and cognitive state of the person are the three variables with a negative impact on postural control. Conclusion: Older people with Parkinson’s disease have greater postural instability. Sex does not seem to influence the postural control of elderly people with Parkinson’s, although more studies are necessary.

scholarly journals People in early stages of Parkinson’s disease are able to intentionally reweight the use of visual information for postural control

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e8552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caio F. Cruz ◽  
Giovanna G. Genoves ◽  
Flávia Doná ◽  
Henrique B. Ferraz ◽  
José A. Barela
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Postural Control ◽  
Visual Information ◽  
Body Sway ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Coupling Structure ◽  
Yahr Scale ◽  
Posterior Direction

Background Parkinson’s disease (PD) leads to several changes in motor control, many of them related to informational or cognitive overload. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of knowledge and intention on the postural control performance and on the coupling between visual information and body sway in people with and without PD standing upright. Methods Participants were 21 people with PD (62.1 ± 7.2 years), stages 1 and 2 (Hoehn & Yahr scale), under dopaminergic medication, and 21 people in the control group (62.3 ± 7.1 years). Participants stood upright inside a moving room, performing seven trials of 60 s. In the first trial, the room remained motionless. In the others, the room oscillated at 0.2 Hz in the anterior-posterior direction: in the first block of three trials, the participants were not informed about the visual manipulation; in the second block of three trials, participants were informed about the room movement and asked to resist the visual influence. An OPTOTRAK system recorded the moving room displacement and the participants’ sway. The variables mean sway amplitude (MSA), coherence and gain were calculated. Results With no visual manipulation, no difference occurred between groups for MSA. Under visual manipulation conditions, people with PD presented higher MSA than control, and both groups reduced the sway magnitude in the resisting condition. Control group reduced sway magnitude by 6.1%, while PD group reduced by 11.5%. No difference was found between groups and between conditions for the coupling strength (coherence). For the coupling structure (gain), there was no group difference, but both groups showed reduced gain in the resisting condition. Control group reduced gain by 12.0%, while PD group reduced by 9.3%. Conclusions People with PD, under visual manipulation, were more influenced than controls, but they presented the same coupling structure between visual information and body sway as controls. People in early stages of PD are able to intentionally alter the influence of visual information.

scholarly journals Alpha-synuclein A53T mutation is not frequent on a sample of Brazilian Parkinson’s disease patients

2015 ◽  
Vol 73 (6) ◽  
pp. 506-509 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela S. Longo ◽  
Marcela A. S. Pinhel ◽  
Michele L. Gregório ◽  
Bruno A. P. Oliveira ◽  
Driele C. G. Quinhoneiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Alpha Synuclein ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
Study Case ◽  
A53t Mutation ◽  
Mixed Ethnicity

Introduction The pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease (PD) involves both genetic susceptibility and environmental factors, with focus on the mutation in thealpha-synucleingene (SNCA).Objective To analyse the polymorphism SNCA-A53T in patients with familial PD (FPD) and sporadic PD (SPD).Method A total of 294 individuals were studied, regardless of sex and with mixed ethnicity. The study group with 154 patients with PD, and the control group included 140 individuals without PD. The genotyping ofSNCA-A53T was performed by PCR/RFLP. Significance level was p < 0.05.Results Among all patients, 37 (24%) had FPD and 117 (75.9%) had SPD. The absence ofSNCA-A53T mutation was observed in all individuals.Conclusion SPD is notably observed in patients. However, the SNCA-A53T mutation was absent in all individuals, which does not differ controls from patients. This fact should be confirmed in a Brazilian study case with a more numerous and older population.

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