Silicone Rubber: A New Diffusion Property Useful for General Anesthesia

1967 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 928-931 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judah Folkman ◽  
David M. Long ◽  
Richard Rosenbaum
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
General Anesthesia ◽  
Silicone Rubber ◽  
New Method ◽  
Diffusion Property ◽  
Rubber Tubing ◽  
Anesthetic Agents ◽  
Potential Applications

Abstract Ether, nitrous oxide, halothane, and cyclopropane diffuse through silicone rubber. General anesthesia can be produced in dogs by passing the vapors of any of these anesthetic agents through a coil of silicone rubber tubing, each end of which is placed in an artery and vein. Potential applications include a new method for general anesthesia and a simple accurate vaporizer for halothane.

Silicone Rubber: A New Diffusion Property Useful for General Anesthesia

Science ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 154 (3745) ◽  
pp. 148-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Folkman ◽  
D. M. Long ◽  
R. Rosenbaum
Keyword(s):  
General Anesthesia ◽  
Silicone Rubber ◽  
Diffusion Property

scholarly journals General anesthesia with remimazolam in a patient with mitochondrial encephalomyopathy: a case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuji Suzuki ◽  
Matsuyuki Doi ◽  
Yoshiki Nakajima
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acidosis ◽  
General Anesthesia ◽  
Mitochondrial Disease ◽  
Muscle Relaxation ◽  
Anesthetic Management ◽  
Perioperative Period ◽  
Mitochondrial Encephalomyopathy ◽  
Anesthesia Induction ◽  
General Anesthetic ◽  
Anesthetic Agents

Abstract Background Systemic anesthetic management of patients with mitochondrial disease requires careful preoperative preparation to administer adequate anesthesia and address potential disease-related complications. The appropriate general anesthetic agents to use in these patients remain controversial. Case presentation A 54-year-old woman (height, 145 cm; weight, 43 kg) diagnosed with mitochondrial encephalomyopathy with lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes underwent elective cochlear implantation. Infusions of intravenous remimazolam and remifentanil guided by patient state index monitoring were used for anesthesia induction and maintenance. Neither lactic acidosis nor prolonged muscle relaxation occurred in the perioperative period. At the end of surgery, flumazenil was administered to antagonize sedation, which rapidly resulted in consciousness. Conclusions Remimazolam administration and reversal with flumazenil were successfully used for general anesthesia in a patient with mitochondrial disease.

scholarly journals MOF Decomposition and Introduction of Repairable Defects Using a Photodegradable Strut

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingjing Yan ◽  
John MacDonald ◽  
Shawn Burdette
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Porous Materials ◽  
New Method ◽  
Innovative Approach ◽  
Partial Decomposition ◽  
Multiple Defects ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Defect Repair ◽  
First Time ◽  
Interesting Area

Utilizing a photolabile ligand as MOF strut can make a framework undergo full or partial decomposition upon irradiation. For the first time, a nitrophenylacetate derivative has been incorporated into MOF as a backbone linker via PLSE method. The photo-induced decarboxylation of the NPDAC-MOF represents a novel way of degrading a MOF, which provides an innovative approach to formulating photoresponsive porous materials with potential applications in molecular release and drug delivery. When photoactive linker is mixed with non-photolabile linker via partial PLSE, the MOF structure can be retained after irradiation, but with the introduction of multiple defects, offering a new method to create vacancies in MOFs. Defect repair can be achieved by treatment with replacement ligands, the scope of which is an interesting area for developing customizable MOF contents.<br>

Stimulus Processing during Apparent Unconsciousness in Anesthetized Volunteers

1986 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 587-591 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benno Bonke ◽  
Jože Rupreht ◽  
John H. M. Van Eijndhoven
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
General Anesthesia ◽  
Motor Response ◽  
Effective Concentration ◽  
Healthy Male ◽  
Unconscious Perception ◽  
Stimulus Processing ◽  
Motor Responses ◽  
Minimal Effective Concentration ◽  
Period Return

Return of motor-responses upon request as an indicator of stimulus processing during apparent unconsciousness in general anesthesia was studied in 8 healthy, male volunteers during prolonged inhalation of nitrous oxide. First the minimal effective concentration of nitrous oxide was established for each volunteer, based upon continued absence of motor-responses to repeated verbal commands. One week later this concentration of nitrous oxide was administered for a 3-hr. period; return of motor-responses after at least 30 min. of absence was considered a sign of so-called unconscious perception. Four volunteers showed return of motor-response within the 3 hr. of exposure, but two of these had been rather restless throughout the session. Results indicate that unexpected processing of information by patients may occur during presumed unconsciousness after a prolonged inhalation of nitrous oxide in general anesthesia.

scholarly journals General Anesthesia With Dexmedetomidine and Remifentanil in a Neonate During oracotomy and Resection of a Congenital Cystic Adenomatoid Malformation

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 215-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellise Cappuccio ◽  
Arlyne K. Thung ◽  
Joseph D. Tobias
Keyword(s):  
General Anesthesia ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Neonatal Period ◽  
Congenital Cystic Adenomatoid Malformation ◽  
Unique Combination ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Intravenous Anesthetic ◽  
Anesthetic Agents ◽  
Cystic Adenomatoid Malformation ◽  
Animal Data

Based on animal data, concern has been expressed regarding the potential deleterious neurocognitive effects of general anesthesia during infancy and early life. Although there are no definitive data to prove this effect, the neonatal period has been suggested to be the most vulnerable period. While various inhaled and intravenous anesthetic agents have been implicated, dexmedetomidine and the opioids may be devoid of such effects. However, there are limited data regarding the combination of these agents during neonatal surgery and anesthesia. We present the use of these agents in combination with epidural anesthesia for postoperative analgesia in a 1-day-old neonate during thoracotomy and excision of a congental cystic adenomatoid malformation. Previous reports of the use of this unique combination of agents are reviewed and their role in this scenario discussed.

Alteration in Mammalian Nerve Metabolism by Soluble and Gaseous Anesthetics

1956 ◽  
Vol 187 (3) ◽  
pp. 573-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. G. Carpenter
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Sciatic Nerve ◽  
Electrical Activity ◽  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Autonomic Ganglia ◽  
Rat Sciatic Nerve ◽  
Anesthetic Agents ◽  
Partial Pressures ◽  
Isolated Rat ◽  
Mammalian Nerve

A variety of anesthetics (chloretone, phenobarbital, cyclopropane, nitrous oxide and xenon) in sufficient quantities will reversibly abolish excitation and conduction in isolated rat sciatic nerve. Under these conditions, in parallel experiments certain aspects of the resting respiration (O2 consumption) and carbohydrate metabolism (pyruvate utilization) of mammalian nerve have been measured. The rate of O2 uptake in resting nerve may be significantly diminished by at least four of these agents under conditions which do not alter excitation and conduction. Blockade concentrations or partial pressures were found to inhibit the resting respiration of nerve from 50–85%. Pyruvate utilization by nerve was not always diminished by anesthetics in a manner parallel to the alteration in the resting respiration. An equivalent depression of electrical activity produced in nerve by each substance was by no means accompanied by the same pattern of alteration in nerve metabolism. These results are similar to those of Larrabee and Edwards (1955) obtained with rat autonomic ganglia although quite different anesthetic agents were employed.

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